Therapists in Boerne, TX

Photo of Danny Wade, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Danny Wade
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
I've never seen anything as beautiful and thrilling as watching the heart of a man or woman set free from what have has held it captive for years. As I sit with you, I will be privileged to walk with you through your struggles and wounds and watch freedom begin to take form. Suffering and abuse and all sorts of wounds occur, and the result is that we develop self-protective strategies that hamper relationships. Whether I'm working for your marriage or yourself as an individual, my commitment to you is to try to help you identify lies and embrace truth.
I've never seen anything as beautiful and thrilling as watching the heart of a man or woman set free from what have has held it captive for years. As I sit with you, I will be privileged to walk with you through your struggles and wounds and watch freedom begin to take form. Suffering and abuse and all sorts of wounds occur, and the result is that we develop self-protective strategies that hamper relationships. Whether I'm working for your marriage or yourself as an individual, my commitment to you is to try to help you identify lies and embrace truth.
(830) 743-9968 View (830) 743-9968
Photo of Mike Maddry, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Boerne, TX
Mike Maddry
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MAC, LPC-A
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
My ideal client understands that they need a seasoned and perceptive counselor to walk with them in their issues which usually stem from challenging relationships. These could include processing anxiety, depression, marital issues, loss & grief, aging, sexual dysfunction or addiction, life transitions, and navigating the challenges from adolescence all the way through to senior adulthood. My clients are seeking help with today and hope for tomorrow. I work with church hurt issues both for church professionals as well as participants. My hope is to see clients flourish when they feel stuck, and to live life to the fullest!
My ideal client understands that they need a seasoned and perceptive counselor to walk with them in their issues which usually stem from challenging relationships. These could include processing anxiety, depression, marital issues, loss & grief, aging, sexual dysfunction or addiction, life transitions, and navigating the challenges from adolescence all the way through to senior adulthood. My clients are seeking help with today and hope for tomorrow. I work with church hurt issues both for church professionals as well as participants. My hope is to see clients flourish when they feel stuck, and to live life to the fullest!
(830) 293-3167 View (830) 293-3167
Photo of Jessica Calderon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Jessica Calderon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, RPT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy working with adults, children and families who are struggling with life's transitions. The most important aspect of counseling is the relationship that I will build with you. It is through this relationship that change occurs. I will collaborate with you to identify an approach that fits best with your goals. I will use your strengths as building blocks in the counseling process. I will walk with you through the process of change and healing. If you are feeling stuck or ready to make changes in your life please consider reaching out to schedule a consultation.
I enjoy working with adults, children and families who are struggling with life's transitions. The most important aspect of counseling is the relationship that I will build with you. It is through this relationship that change occurs. I will collaborate with you to identify an approach that fits best with your goals. I will use your strengths as building blocks in the counseling process. I will walk with you through the process of change and healing. If you are feeling stuck or ready to make changes in your life please consider reaching out to schedule a consultation.
(512) 710-2973 View (512) 710-2973
Photo of Kelley Marie Walker, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Boerne, TX
Kelley Marie Walker
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
My hope is to offer clients a safe place to feel seen, and heard in order for true healing to occur. My heart is to aid teens, and kids in the unique challenges present at that age. As well as helps parents navigate the difficulties that come with understanding these challenges in their children lives. Overall, my goal is to meet my clients where they are and incorporate their interests within the session. I offer animal-assisted therapy as well with my two sweet basset hounds Rosie and Poppy who love to snuggle up and put people at ease.
My hope is to offer clients a safe place to feel seen, and heard in order for true healing to occur. My heart is to aid teens, and kids in the unique challenges present at that age. As well as helps parents navigate the difficulties that come with understanding these challenges in their children lives. Overall, my goal is to meet my clients where they are and incorporate their interests within the session. I offer animal-assisted therapy as well with my two sweet basset hounds Rosie and Poppy who love to snuggle up and put people at ease.
(830) 510-1841 View (830) 510-1841
Photo of Machelle DeStefano, LPC Intern in Boerne, TX
Machelle DeStefano
LPC Intern, MA
Not Verified Not Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
Are you a parent that feels that they are at the end of their rope? Do you feel isolated from others and can not find any help with the way your child is acting? You know your kids have some problems socially and possibly mentally… but you can not understand what they need or want in life? I can help. I have had the opportunity to help children and parents with their behavior, learning disabilities, and autistic disabilities. I understand that each child is unique, and somethings just set them off. You think there is no reason why, but they lash out, have tantrums, and cannot tell you their emotions and feelings.
Are you a parent that feels that they are at the end of their rope? Do you feel isolated from others and can not find any help with the way your child is acting? You know your kids have some problems socially and possibly mentally… but you can not understand what they need or want in life? I can help. I have had the opportunity to help children and parents with their behavior, learning disabilities, and autistic disabilities. I understand that each child is unique, and somethings just set them off. You think there is no reason why, but they lash out, have tantrums, and cannot tell you their emotions and feelings.
(888) 623-8890 x828 View (888) 623-8890 x828
Photo of Jennifer Janine Meadows, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Jennifer Janine Meadows
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Waitlist for new clients
Are you an adult or teen who’s been hospitalized psychiatrically, suffers from a psychotic disorder, has codependency issues, or anxiety? Or maybe you feel like your life is a rollercoaster and not really sure what’s causing your sadness or anxiety at the end of the day?
Are you an adult or teen who’s been hospitalized psychiatrically, suffers from a psychotic disorder, has codependency issues, or anxiety? Or maybe you feel like your life is a rollercoaster and not really sure what’s causing your sadness or anxiety at the end of the day?
(830) 261-3108 View (830) 261-3108
Photo of Norely A Sorrell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Norely A Sorrell
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with not feeling good enough? No matter how much you do for others or to perfect yourself, you still feel like it is not enough. You may be fed up with the dynamics of relationships in your life, fed up with feeling unappreciated, or tired of relationships feeling one sided. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You are ready to heal from your past and have healthy relationships. You are ready to feel appreciated and loved. Most of all, you’re ready to feel good enough, deserving of love and satisfied in all aspects of your life.
Do you struggle with not feeling good enough? No matter how much you do for others or to perfect yourself, you still feel like it is not enough. You may be fed up with the dynamics of relationships in your life, fed up with feeling unappreciated, or tired of relationships feeling one sided. You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure: you’re ready for some relief. You are ready to heal from your past and have healthy relationships. You are ready to feel appreciated and loved. Most of all, you’re ready to feel good enough, deserving of love and satisfied in all aspects of your life.
(830) 368-0653 View (830) 368-0653
Photo of Gillian Rodriguez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Gillian Rodriguez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CEO
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
A trellis is an open framework of intersecting parts, designed to support life until it can grow independently and thrive. This is also what I believe about how counseling works. This therapy won't be a magic wand, and I can't do the impossible. What I can do is offer that open framework to support you through your hardest seasons until you're ready to continue growing on your own. I believe in using evidence-based interventions, innovative research, and compassionate support in the raw to weave together a trellis for your wellness.
A trellis is an open framework of intersecting parts, designed to support life until it can grow independently and thrive. This is also what I believe about how counseling works. This therapy won't be a magic wand, and I can't do the impossible. What I can do is offer that open framework to support you through your hardest seasons until you're ready to continue growing on your own. I believe in using evidence-based interventions, innovative research, and compassionate support in the raw to weave together a trellis for your wellness.
(830) 521-5168 View (830) 521-5168
Photo of Rivers Edge Counseling and Wellness, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Rivers Edge Counseling and Wellness
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S, EMDR
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Sometimes whatever is going on has something to with “stuff” from the past. When that happens I believe we tend to get stuck in unhelpful patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving in our present and impacts our relationship with others and even ourselves. People I work with generally are looking to feel fully alive and free in the present without being bogged down from the past. A lot of my people are looking for encouragement, guidance and someone to be their cheer leader.
Sometimes whatever is going on has something to with “stuff” from the past. When that happens I believe we tend to get stuck in unhelpful patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving in our present and impacts our relationship with others and even ourselves. People I work with generally are looking to feel fully alive and free in the present without being bogged down from the past. A lot of my people are looking for encouragement, guidance and someone to be their cheer leader.
(979) 475-9872 View (979) 475-9872
Photo of Amy Mertz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Amy Mertz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Not accepting new clients
I have a special interest in working with clients suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), survivors of sexual trauma, anxiety, codependency/loved ones of those suffering from addiction, life transitions/adjustments as well as teens. My main goal in therapy is to provide hope to my clients. Specifically, hope that despite life’s continual difficult circumstances, joy, contentment and thriving can still be found.
I have a special interest in working with clients suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), survivors of sexual trauma, anxiety, codependency/loved ones of those suffering from addiction, life transitions/adjustments as well as teens. My main goal in therapy is to provide hope to my clients. Specifically, hope that despite life’s continual difficult circumstances, joy, contentment and thriving can still be found.
(830) 219-4163 View (830) 219-4163
Photo of Katelyn Sullins, LPC Intern in Boerne, TX
Katelyn Sullins
LPC Intern, LPC-A, EMDR
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
My life was drastically changed when I started therapy. If you’re seeking freedom, understanding, growth, or simply to feel better, we probably beat to the same drum. It truly is my honor and privilege to sit with you in your hard. We were never meant to journey alone. The clients I tend to work with are processing through grief/life transition, relationship struggles and attachment issues. Most of my clients want to live a free-er fuller life not weighed down by the decisions they've made or what others have done to them.
My life was drastically changed when I started therapy. If you’re seeking freedom, understanding, growth, or simply to feel better, we probably beat to the same drum. It truly is my honor and privilege to sit with you in your hard. We were never meant to journey alone. The clients I tend to work with are processing through grief/life transition, relationship struggles and attachment issues. Most of my clients want to live a free-er fuller life not weighed down by the decisions they've made or what others have done to them.
(830) 476-7024 View (830) 476-7024
Photo of Paula Mokry With Genesis Counseling, Marriage & Family Therapist in Boerne, TX
Paula Mokry With Genesis Counseling
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
I provide confidential therapy to adults, couples, adolescents, and children. I offer an open-minded and non-judgmental approach to my clients when everyday problems become too overwhelming to handle on their own. I create a warm relaxing environment so clients feel comfortable exploring their situation and together we can find solutions. I am open to seeing either just the individual or incorporating members of the family to help achieve the best outcome through therapy. When working with children, I often use play therapy techniques including art therapy to help children express their feelings through play.
I provide confidential therapy to adults, couples, adolescents, and children. I offer an open-minded and non-judgmental approach to my clients when everyday problems become too overwhelming to handle on their own. I create a warm relaxing environment so clients feel comfortable exploring their situation and together we can find solutions. I am open to seeing either just the individual or incorporating members of the family to help achieve the best outcome through therapy. When working with children, I often use play therapy techniques including art therapy to help children express their feelings through play.
(210) 899-0584 View (210) 899-0584
Photo of Jessie Hull, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Boerne, TX
Jessie Hull
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006  (Online Only)
Hi. My name is Jessie, and I like helping folks learn how to feel their feelings, improve decision making, and take some risks. I find that wisdom comes from the integration of logic and emotion, and that we only really change when we trust that we're safe and we're loved. It's my joy to navigate that change with my clients, together.
Hi. My name is Jessie, and I like helping folks learn how to feel their feelings, improve decision making, and take some risks. I find that wisdom comes from the integration of logic and emotion, and that we only really change when we trust that we're safe and we're loved. It's my joy to navigate that change with my clients, together.
(830) 444-4227 View (830) 444-4227
Photo of Laurita Putegnat LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Laurita Putegnat LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
Are you someone who longs for life and will fight for it? If you are considering therapy, you are probably encountering difficulties in your life that you cannot resolve on your own. Asking for help is a formidable step to WELL-being. Therapy is a form of education where we teach the skills for self sufficiency. Gaining self knowledge and skills to manage and thrive in life can be our collaborative goal.I offer sensitive, affordable therapy in a safe and non judgemental setting.My sessions with clients are individualized and practical.
Are you someone who longs for life and will fight for it? If you are considering therapy, you are probably encountering difficulties in your life that you cannot resolve on your own. Asking for help is a formidable step to WELL-being. Therapy is a form of education where we teach the skills for self sufficiency. Gaining self knowledge and skills to manage and thrive in life can be our collaborative goal.I offer sensitive, affordable therapy in a safe and non judgemental setting.My sessions with clients are individualized and practical.
(210) 255-2061 View (210) 255-2061
Photo of Justin Wolff, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Justin Wolff
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
Note: During the CoronaVirus Crisis, I am offering online/telehealth sessions. Visit my website for details! I work with kids, adolescents, and adults, leading them to their "A-ha" moments. I make difficult concepts simple using humor, story-telling & analogies. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address the thoughts, feelings, beliefs and actions which may be obstacles to getting where you would like to be. I also rely heavily on Positive Psychology, which uses a strength-based approach (rather than a focus on problems). When working with Traumatic events, I use Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Note: During the CoronaVirus Crisis, I am offering online/telehealth sessions. Visit my website for details! I work with kids, adolescents, and adults, leading them to their "A-ha" moments. I make difficult concepts simple using humor, story-telling & analogies. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to address the thoughts, feelings, beliefs and actions which may be obstacles to getting where you would like to be. I also rely heavily on Positive Psychology, which uses a strength-based approach (rather than a focus on problems). When working with Traumatic events, I use Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
(210) 598-5105 View (210) 598-5105
Photo of Beth Linfoot, Counseling, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Beth Linfoot, Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Waitlist for new clients
I work with teens, young adults, individuals, families, and couples. I have extensive experience with relationship issues, self-esteem, depression, bipolar, trauma, anxiety, and addiction. I believe that all great struggle creates the opportunity for profound growth and that what lies on the other side of discomfort is greater than any of us could have imagined. I am passionate about helping others realize their emotional and spiritual potential.
I work with teens, young adults, individuals, families, and couples. I have extensive experience with relationship issues, self-esteem, depression, bipolar, trauma, anxiety, and addiction. I believe that all great struggle creates the opportunity for profound growth and that what lies on the other side of discomfort is greater than any of us could have imagined. I am passionate about helping others realize their emotional and spiritual potential.
(210) 591-8031 View (210) 591-8031
Photo of Emiley Goulet, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Emiley Goulet
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
I believe it is a very positive step for someone to seek therapy. Let me help you with some of the difficult challenges we all deal with in life. I have worked previously with clients in the community/school setting counseling clients between the ages of 3-17 and their families. I have helped children and families suffering from grief, depression, dysfunctional family dynamics, anger issues, low self esteem, school challenges, interpersonal issues, and challenging life circumstances.
I believe it is a very positive step for someone to seek therapy. Let me help you with some of the difficult challenges we all deal with in life. I have worked previously with clients in the community/school setting counseling clients between the ages of 3-17 and their families. I have helped children and families suffering from grief, depression, dysfunctional family dynamics, anger issues, low self esteem, school challenges, interpersonal issues, and challenging life circumstances.
(830) 433-5496 View (830) 433-5496
Photo of Eryn Chastain, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Boerne, TX
Eryn Chastain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CGCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
I work with clients in all adult life stages who struggle with life! Grief, trauma, anxiety, transitions, relationships- lets navigate through the human experience together.
I work with clients in all adult life stages who struggle with life! Grief, trauma, anxiety, transitions, relationships- lets navigate through the human experience together.
(830) 219-4153 View (830) 219-4153
Photo of Dr. Michelle R. Holcomb, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Dr. Michelle R. Holcomb
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, CAI, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Boerne, TX 78006
Dr. Michelle R. Holcomb received her doctorate from the University of Texas in San Antonio in Counselor Education and Supervision and has over 15 years of teaching in higher education settings. Michelle is the proud owner of Hill Country Intervention and Counseling, where she is a professional psychotherapist specializing in working with novice, competitive, elite, and professional athletes. Michelle’s additional specialty work includes eating disorders, behavioral disorders, substance abuse disorders, and process addiction. Michelle's typical client population ranges between 11 - 22 years of age.
Dr. Michelle R. Holcomb received her doctorate from the University of Texas in San Antonio in Counselor Education and Supervision and has over 15 years of teaching in higher education settings. Michelle is the proud owner of Hill Country Intervention and Counseling, where she is a professional psychotherapist specializing in working with novice, competitive, elite, and professional athletes. Michelle’s additional specialty work includes eating disorders, behavioral disorders, substance abuse disorders, and process addiction. Michelle's typical client population ranges between 11 - 22 years of age.
(830) 988-4349 View (830) 988-4349
Photo of Acorn Counseling PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Boerne, TX
Acorn Counseling PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Boerne, TX 78006
Thank you for your interest in counseling! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor originally trained at St Mary's University in 2006, with special training in EMDR that can help with trauma, stress, and depression. I see counseling as creating a space for us to collaborate in support of your goals. All sessions are an hour long no matter the payment plan, and I offer early day and evening appointments for your convenience. I look forward to meeting you! Please note that I will be calling from 830.981.5330 if you send an email. Thank you!
Thank you for your interest in counseling! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor originally trained at St Mary's University in 2006, with special training in EMDR that can help with trauma, stress, and depression. I see counseling as creating a space for us to collaborate in support of your goals. All sessions are an hour long no matter the payment plan, and I offer early day and evening appointments for your convenience. I look forward to meeting you! Please note that I will be calling from 830.981.5330 if you send an email. Thank you!
(830) 500-5148 View (830) 500-5148

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Boerne, TX

100+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Boerne, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
81% Self Esteem
78% Relationship Issues
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Coping Skills
66% Grief

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% BlueCross and BlueShield
74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
73% Aetna

How Therapists in Boerne, TX see their clients

78% In Person and Online
22% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
17% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Boerne?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.