Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

Photo of Gail Gonick-Hallows, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Gail Gonick-Hallows
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
I accept you as you are, and believe in your ability to heal and to grow. You may be feeling overwhelmed or stuck, needing help to make new personal changes in your life. I offer nonjudgmental support as I assist you to deepen in self awareness and in building coping skills while facing challenges, personal identity issues, dysfunctional relationship patterns, and stage-of-life transitions.
I accept you as you are, and believe in your ability to heal and to grow. You may be feeling overwhelmed or stuck, needing help to make new personal changes in your life. I offer nonjudgmental support as I assist you to deepen in self awareness and in building coping skills while facing challenges, personal identity issues, dysfunctional relationship patterns, and stage-of-life transitions.
(707) 921-1937 View (707) 921-1937
Photo of Jessica Clifton, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Jessica Clifton
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95409  (Online Only)
Online therapy appointments available and easily scheduled through www.parheliawellness.com to make the process of getting help easier. You are the expert of you. As such, collaboration and trust are key parts to helping you guide treatment to suit your needs and meet your goals. In our first appointment, I hope to work with you to help you decide your next steps. To schedule an online appointment, click on the "website" button where you can click on "request appointment."
Online therapy appointments available and easily scheduled through www.parheliawellness.com to make the process of getting help easier. You are the expert of you. As such, collaboration and trust are key parts to helping you guide treatment to suit your needs and meet your goals. In our first appointment, I hope to work with you to help you decide your next steps. To schedule an online appointment, click on the "website" button where you can click on "request appointment."
(707) 341-6829 View (707) 341-6829
Photo of Alexis K Glidewell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Alexis K Glidewell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Caring for a dependent person with whom you have a previous history is uniquely challenging. Family histories and dynamics do not go away when someone gets sick. In addition to juggling the tasks of helping a dependent family member get through the day, caregivers are balancing obligations such as work, parenting and other responsibilities. One's own health and wellbeing, finances, and other roles and relationships can all be affected by the demands of caregiving. Finding balance and coping with ambiguity can be challenging, especially in the presence of emotional undercurrents such as grief, loss, resentment, guilt and overwhelm.
Caring for a dependent person with whom you have a previous history is uniquely challenging. Family histories and dynamics do not go away when someone gets sick. In addition to juggling the tasks of helping a dependent family member get through the day, caregivers are balancing obligations such as work, parenting and other responsibilities. One's own health and wellbeing, finances, and other roles and relationships can all be affected by the demands of caregiving. Finding balance and coping with ambiguity can be challenging, especially in the presence of emotional undercurrents such as grief, loss, resentment, guilt and overwhelm.
(707) 471-6837 x110 View (707) 471-6837 x110
Photo of Ben Schwarcz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Ben Schwarcz
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT, ACP-EFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Therapy should be an uplifting, inspiring and transformational experience! I have extensive training and experience using EFT Tapping for releasing traumas, negative emotions, and negative subconscious programming that holds you back in life. My main areas of focus are Trauma release, and Peak Performance Coaching, specializing in working with Entrepreneurs to reduce anxiety and self-limiting beliefs that cause stress and block creativity. Offering both short-term solution oriented therapy as well as life coaching and long-term therapy, depending on your goals and needs. I am also an EFT trainer for psychotherapists through the Association for Comprehensive Energy Psychology.
Therapy should be an uplifting, inspiring and transformational experience! I have extensive training and experience using EFT Tapping for releasing traumas, negative emotions, and negative subconscious programming that holds you back in life. My main areas of focus are Trauma release, and Peak Performance Coaching, specializing in working with Entrepreneurs to reduce anxiety and self-limiting beliefs that cause stress and block creativity. Offering both short-term solution oriented therapy as well as life coaching and long-term therapy, depending on your goals and needs. I am also an EFT trainer for psychotherapists through the Association for Comprehensive Energy Psychology.
(707) 986-8941 View (707) 986-8941
Photo of Meghann Vela, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Meghann Vela
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
As a licensed therapist, I believe my role is to be a tool for change and support as you walk your own path. I operate from the assumption that you are the expert of your own life, and I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. I bring unconditional warmth and empathy to sessions while also helping clients determine their own negative beliefs or patterns that may be contributing to feelings of distress. With increased awareness and insight, together we can work on letting go of fear, resentment, healing past wounds, expressing needs and boundaries, and building healthy relationships.
As a licensed therapist, I believe my role is to be a tool for change and support as you walk your own path. I operate from the assumption that you are the expert of your own life, and I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. I bring unconditional warmth and empathy to sessions while also helping clients determine their own negative beliefs or patterns that may be contributing to feelings of distress. With increased awareness and insight, together we can work on letting go of fear, resentment, healing past wounds, expressing needs and boundaries, and building healthy relationships.
(707) 723-1230 View (707) 723-1230
Photo of Sandra Ellen Seligson, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Sandra Ellen Seligson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95405
Individual and couples psychotherapy to resolve current and long standing issues that compromise personal happiness and success.
Individual and couples psychotherapy to resolve current and long standing issues that compromise personal happiness and success.
(707) 814-4044 View (707) 814-4044
Photo of Emily Morrison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Emily Morrison
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
Now licensed in California and Oregon. When we allow ourselves to connect with our physical experience it often allows us to move through our emotional experience with more ease. Life is full of big emotions. Using tools like mindfulness and body/mind awareness, I help clients build a library of coping strategies for various challenges to empower them to manage the big feelings that arise. This framework works aids in improve a variety of issues and difficulties, but some of the challenges I work with people most often in are anxiety, depression, life transitions and repatterning behaviors and relational interactions.
Now licensed in California and Oregon. When we allow ourselves to connect with our physical experience it often allows us to move through our emotional experience with more ease. Life is full of big emotions. Using tools like mindfulness and body/mind awareness, I help clients build a library of coping strategies for various challenges to empower them to manage the big feelings that arise. This framework works aids in improve a variety of issues and difficulties, but some of the challenges I work with people most often in are anxiety, depression, life transitions and repatterning behaviors and relational interactions.
(707) 635-6453 View (707) 635-6453
Photo of Georgia A Berry, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Georgia A Berry
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
I work with children, adults and couples addressing their emotional issues from an attachment oriented perspective. I have training in Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy and Somatic Therapy. I respect for Carl Roger's work and also Gestalt Therapy and am a Humanistic therapist. I like working with the child within with my adult clients, helping to heal the emotional wounds from the past. I like mindfully being aware of what is happening in the present moment and connecting with my clients in a caring way. I work somatically focusing on what emotions are present in the body.
I work with children, adults and couples addressing their emotional issues from an attachment oriented perspective. I have training in Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Emotional Focused Therapy and Somatic Therapy. I respect for Carl Roger's work and also Gestalt Therapy and am a Humanistic therapist. I like working with the child within with my adult clients, helping to heal the emotional wounds from the past. I like mindfully being aware of what is happening in the present moment and connecting with my clients in a caring way. I work somatically focusing on what emotions are present in the body.
(707) 549-6137 View (707) 549-6137
Photo of David Hedden, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
David Hedden
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
The people I work with in therapy often want change in their lives, such as relief from anxiety, depression, trauma, low self-esteem, guilt or shame, help navigating difficult situations, LGBT issues, and improved communication between partners/spouses, family members, and friends. I provide the means for my clients to explore issues and the sources of those issues.
The people I work with in therapy often want change in their lives, such as relief from anxiety, depression, trauma, low self-esteem, guilt or shame, help navigating difficult situations, LGBT issues, and improved communication between partners/spouses, family members, and friends. I provide the means for my clients to explore issues and the sources of those issues.
(707) 876-0087 View (707) 876-0087
Photo of Dr. Ashley Forrest, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Dr. Ashley Forrest
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Yes! You’re here. You’ve made it this far in your journey of self-discovery and self healing. I would be honored to assist you further. I like to think of a therapist as a spotter during a difficult mountain climb; sometimes you are so in your experience that you can’t see the path right in front of you, and a therapist can shout out “there’s a good foothold to your right!” A therapist has the ability to help you gain or regain your footing, be stronger where you are, or take a different path. My goal is to help you get where you want to go by helping you climb the mountain, together.
Yes! You’re here. You’ve made it this far in your journey of self-discovery and self healing. I would be honored to assist you further. I like to think of a therapist as a spotter during a difficult mountain climb; sometimes you are so in your experience that you can’t see the path right in front of you, and a therapist can shout out “there’s a good foothold to your right!” A therapist has the ability to help you gain or regain your footing, be stronger where you are, or take a different path. My goal is to help you get where you want to go by helping you climb the mountain, together.
(707) 414-0882 View (707) 414-0882
Photo of Holly Prichard, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Holly Prichard
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Waitlist for new clients
Are you are feeling overwhelmed or stuck? Is your life not working as well as you would like? Are you feeling stressed or experiencing negative relationship patterns? I can help. Sometimes clients know exactly what they need, and sometimes it isn't clear. Together we will identify your goals and priorities and then I can help create a clear path to healing. My desire is to provide a place where clients can share freely and be true to themselves.
Are you are feeling overwhelmed or stuck? Is your life not working as well as you would like? Are you feeling stressed or experiencing negative relationship patterns? I can help. Sometimes clients know exactly what they need, and sometimes it isn't clear. Together we will identify your goals and priorities and then I can help create a clear path to healing. My desire is to provide a place where clients can share freely and be true to themselves.
(707) 682-5123 View (707) 682-5123
Photo of Anne E. Jackson, Ph.D., Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Anne E. Jackson, Ph.D.
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
I work with people from all walks of life, experiencing a wide variety of mental, emotional and relationship difficulties. I work with children, parents of children, adolescents, adults and older adults. Adult psychotherapy clients who work best with me are usually looking for lasting solutions to emotional problems rather than advice, "tools" or quick fixes and they can tolerate a listening approach designed to deepen discussion. They understand that the unacknowledged thoughts and feelings that create havoc can emerge in therapy, and they are looking for a professional to help them understand and work through difficult moments.
I work with people from all walks of life, experiencing a wide variety of mental, emotional and relationship difficulties. I work with children, parents of children, adolescents, adults and older adults. Adult psychotherapy clients who work best with me are usually looking for lasting solutions to emotional problems rather than advice, "tools" or quick fixes and they can tolerate a listening approach designed to deepen discussion. They understand that the unacknowledged thoughts and feelings that create havoc can emerge in therapy, and they are looking for a professional to help them understand and work through difficult moments.
(650) 489-0154 View (650) 489-0154
Photo of Jeremy David Bailey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Jeremy David Bailey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, MA
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403  (Online Only)
All of us face challenges in dealing with what life can often throw at us. Sometimes we need some help or an outside perspective that we can trust and feel safe with to assist us to see these challenges in a new light. As this can be an intimidating process for some, I strive to create a safe and trusting space for folks to begin to face their challenges. My aim is to be as authentic and accessible as possible as therapy can be an intimidating and unknown process to many. One needs to feel safe to explore and change aspects of themselves or their lives and one of my main goals is to create a safe and equitable space to achieve this.
All of us face challenges in dealing with what life can often throw at us. Sometimes we need some help or an outside perspective that we can trust and feel safe with to assist us to see these challenges in a new light. As this can be an intimidating process for some, I strive to create a safe and trusting space for folks to begin to face their challenges. My aim is to be as authentic and accessible as possible as therapy can be an intimidating and unknown process to many. One needs to feel safe to explore and change aspects of themselves or their lives and one of my main goals is to create a safe and equitable space to achieve this.
(707) 659-0974 View (707) 659-0974
Photo of Maitri Joy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Maitri Joy
Marriage & Family Therapist, CHT, LMFT, CLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95409
I offer couples & individuals opportunity to heal difficult communications, overwhelming emotions and painful trauma, I borrow practices from several spiritual traditions, Native American, Buddhist, & Hindu; integrating them with cutting-edge coaching, energetic training, and shamanic practices to offer you a profound approach to personal growth, emotional intimacy and spiritual development. I support couples in finding a joyous sacred intimacy through the healing of their emotional, physical and spiritual pain. For individuals, I guide you in the deep knowing of yourself for emotional, mental and spiritual growth and awakening.
I offer couples & individuals opportunity to heal difficult communications, overwhelming emotions and painful trauma, I borrow practices from several spiritual traditions, Native American, Buddhist, & Hindu; integrating them with cutting-edge coaching, energetic training, and shamanic practices to offer you a profound approach to personal growth, emotional intimacy and spiritual development. I support couples in finding a joyous sacred intimacy through the healing of their emotional, physical and spiritual pain. For individuals, I guide you in the deep knowing of yourself for emotional, mental and spiritual growth and awakening.
(866) 756-0775 View (866) 756-0775
Photo of Kerri Lynn Gavin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Kerri Lynn Gavin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403  (Online Only)
I work with people who have Medicare insurance. My clients come to see me because they are in need to talk to someone about the changes in their lives, as they get older, as well as their feelings and needs around being isolated from the pandemic. As people age and reflect on their lives, some things can come up that need to be discussed or released and my practice offers a safe space to do so. Some people have a need for a therapist who can provide tele-health services over the phone or on a video chat and I offer these options to my clientele.
I work with people who have Medicare insurance. My clients come to see me because they are in need to talk to someone about the changes in their lives, as they get older, as well as their feelings and needs around being isolated from the pandemic. As people age and reflect on their lives, some things can come up that need to be discussed or released and my practice offers a safe space to do so. Some people have a need for a therapist who can provide tele-health services over the phone or on a video chat and I offer these options to my clientele.
(707) 289-7186 View (707) 289-7186
Photo of Tanine Falatoonzadeh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Santa Rosa, CA
Tanine Falatoonzadeh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95405
Hi, I’m Tanine. I’m an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, but you might also call me a wingman in the quest for self-love. I can help you find a life of fulfillment even if you feel discouraged by the pain of your past or the challenges of your present.
Hi, I’m Tanine. I’m an Associate Marriage and Family Therapist, but you might also call me a wingman in the quest for self-love. I can help you find a life of fulfillment even if you feel discouraged by the pain of your past or the challenges of your present.
(707) 896-8625 View (707) 896-8625
Photo of Kelly Rathmann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Kelly Rathmann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
As a psychodynamic therapist, I often work with clients who are interested in their relationship to themselves, working on healing anxiety, depression, codependency, relationships, and life transitions. My approach tends to be depth-oriented and existential, for example, how we connect with our deeper self, how we make meaning of our lives and experiences, and how we create our own stories. Rather than focus on how we can "fix" things, I believe we have to look at how we relate to the parts of ourselves that we feel like we need to "fix". I support my clients in creating more self-acceptance and meaning in their lives.
As a psychodynamic therapist, I often work with clients who are interested in their relationship to themselves, working on healing anxiety, depression, codependency, relationships, and life transitions. My approach tends to be depth-oriented and existential, for example, how we connect with our deeper self, how we make meaning of our lives and experiences, and how we create our own stories. Rather than focus on how we can "fix" things, I believe we have to look at how we relate to the parts of ourselves that we feel like we need to "fix". I support my clients in creating more self-acceptance and meaning in their lives.
(707) 314-5475 View (707) 314-5475
Photo of Kirsty Cordell, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Kirsty Cordell
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, APCC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Being a human is complex. While some times allow for us to experience joy, pleasure, and fulfillment, other times may leave us feeling stuck, entrenched in patterns, disconnected from ourselves and others, or find it challenging to navigate the obstacles ahead. My role is to support clients in deepening their understanding of how they got to where they are, process experiences that influence present day reactivity and relationship patterns, shed feelings of inadequacy, reclaim their sense of agency, and re-author the narratives that bind them to create room to lead a more meaningful, fulfilling and satisfying life.
Being a human is complex. While some times allow for us to experience joy, pleasure, and fulfillment, other times may leave us feeling stuck, entrenched in patterns, disconnected from ourselves and others, or find it challenging to navigate the obstacles ahead. My role is to support clients in deepening their understanding of how they got to where they are, process experiences that influence present day reactivity and relationship patterns, shed feelings of inadequacy, reclaim their sense of agency, and re-author the narratives that bind them to create room to lead a more meaningful, fulfilling and satisfying life.
(707) 289-3973 View (707) 289-3973
Photo of Ashley Morgan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Ashley Morgan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Not accepting new clients
My clinical experience includes working with children, adolescents, and adults who are managing complex emotions, behaviors, situations, and relationships. I hope to build a therapeutic relationship where we can safely work collaboratively to identify harmful thought patterns and behaviors, cope with traumatic experiences, improve and maintain important relationships, and identify and practice essential tools for managing distress and improving your emotional well-being.
My clinical experience includes working with children, adolescents, and adults who are managing complex emotions, behaviors, situations, and relationships. I hope to build a therapeutic relationship where we can safely work collaboratively to identify harmful thought patterns and behaviors, cope with traumatic experiences, improve and maintain important relationships, and identify and practice essential tools for managing distress and improving your emotional well-being.
(707) 868-8138 x404 View (707) 868-8138 x404
Photo of Patricia (Tricia) Ellis-Christensen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Patricia (Tricia) Ellis-Christensen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95409  (Online Only)
Openings Available! It's easy to see what we want to change, but not easy to start. I can provide caring and empathy that makes the road to improvement, recovery or managing illnesses like depression, bipolar and anxiety a lot less lonely. Are you ready to start a conversation that can offer dramatic change? Then you're already moving with bravery and I want to meet you. My practice accepts Partnership/Carelon, Private Pay and Out of Network clients. Can't wait to speak with you.
Openings Available! It's easy to see what we want to change, but not easy to start. I can provide caring and empathy that makes the road to improvement, recovery or managing illnesses like depression, bipolar and anxiety a lot less lonely. Are you ready to start a conversation that can offer dramatic change? Then you're already moving with bravery and I want to meet you. My practice accepts Partnership/Carelon, Private Pay and Out of Network clients. Can't wait to speak with you.
(707) 708-4815 View (707) 708-4815

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Grief
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
51% Aetna
50% Optum

How Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
22% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santa Rosa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.