Therapists in San Antonio, TX

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Photo of Jennifer Cleveland, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Jennifer Cleveland
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78213
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling? I can help. I am a licensed psychologist with over 20 years of experience helping individuals with a variety of issues ranging from depression and anxiety to executive functioning and parenting issues. Often, my clients tell me that they struggle for too long before seeking help because they hope things will improve or they are ashamed of their issues. I am non-judgmental and can offer you the professional help you've been looking for. I hope you reach out today and start your journey of change, hope, and improved mental health.
Are you struggling? I can help. I am a licensed psychologist with over 20 years of experience helping individuals with a variety of issues ranging from depression and anxiety to executive functioning and parenting issues. Often, my clients tell me that they struggle for too long before seeking help because they hope things will improve or they are ashamed of their issues. I am non-judgmental and can offer you the professional help you've been looking for. I hope you reach out today and start your journey of change, hope, and improved mental health.
(210) 934-3683 View (210) 934-3683
Photo of Nisa Vela, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Nisa Vela
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78217
Nisa has been working in the mental health field with children and adults for 15 years and believes that it is her calling in life, striving to make the counseling experience positive, enriching, and successful. Nisa has experience working with children, adolescents, adults, families and couples of diverse backgrounds, cultures, and ethnicities that have experienced family dysfunction, trauma, abuse, sudden loss, and high anxiety. Nisa can provide the reassurance that counseling will be a significant help for you overall. Nisa believes in educating clients with skills that will assist them in their daily routines.
Nisa has been working in the mental health field with children and adults for 15 years and believes that it is her calling in life, striving to make the counseling experience positive, enriching, and successful. Nisa has experience working with children, adolescents, adults, families and couples of diverse backgrounds, cultures, and ethnicities that have experienced family dysfunction, trauma, abuse, sudden loss, and high anxiety. Nisa can provide the reassurance that counseling will be a significant help for you overall. Nisa believes in educating clients with skills that will assist them in their daily routines.
(210) 942-7701 View (210) 942-7701
Photo of Gena Sadler, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Gena Sadler
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78229  (Online Only)
I believe that compassion and empathy are essential in understanding others. As a counselor, I am client centered and provide space that is welcoming and open. I take a holistic and individualized approach when working with clients and utilize a variety of interventions based on client needs. I support clients with navigating life’s challenges, while also appreciating their strengths and giving them tools to make change in their life. I have a passion for supporting LGBTQIA+ members and anyone navigating mood and anxiety disorders.
I believe that compassion and empathy are essential in understanding others. As a counselor, I am client centered and provide space that is welcoming and open. I take a holistic and individualized approach when working with clients and utilize a variety of interventions based on client needs. I support clients with navigating life’s challenges, while also appreciating their strengths and giving them tools to make change in their life. I have a passion for supporting LGBTQIA+ members and anyone navigating mood and anxiety disorders.
(210) 939-9440 View (210) 939-9440
Photo of Valerie J Vineyard, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Valerie J Vineyard
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258  (Online Only)
If you feel stuck, overwhelmed, confused, powerless, helpless to control life issues, a healthy first step toward realizing positive change in your life, is to invest in therapy. By discovering your strengths, gifts, and unique perception, we can begin utilizing these attributes toward effective thoughtful problem solving and decision making behaviors.
If you feel stuck, overwhelmed, confused, powerless, helpless to control life issues, a healthy first step toward realizing positive change in your life, is to invest in therapy. By discovering your strengths, gifts, and unique perception, we can begin utilizing these attributes toward effective thoughtful problem solving and decision making behaviors.
(210) 879-6713 View (210) 879-6713
Photo of Rachel Saenz, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Rachel Saenz
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78229
Hello, my name is Rachel Saenz and I am passionate about helping people through their grief journey and helping them move through their feelings while also providing a safe space for them to express their thoughts. The majority of my practice focuses on grief/bereavement, trauma/PTSD, C-PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, and pregnancy/postpartum issues. My approaches include person centered therapy where you are met with unconditional positive regard and a safe space. I also use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help challenge all the troubling thoughts running through our minds.
Hello, my name is Rachel Saenz and I am passionate about helping people through their grief journey and helping them move through their feelings while also providing a safe space for them to express their thoughts. The majority of my practice focuses on grief/bereavement, trauma/PTSD, C-PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, and pregnancy/postpartum issues. My approaches include person centered therapy where you are met with unconditional positive regard and a safe space. I also use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help challenge all the troubling thoughts running through our minds.
(210) 903-5842 View (210) 903-5842
Photo of Carolyn McWilliams, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Carolyn McWilliams
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78230
With all that is going on right now, many people are struggling with unprecedented expectations and stressors, leading to significant anxiety and depression. Might you be one of them? Or perhaps you have been surviving with a serious mental health condition such as Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, or Trauma for quite some time and are looking for support? Take the time to prioritize your wellness by seeking support. If you are ready to gain deeper self-understanding and build a life that you love, I am here to help.
With all that is going on right now, many people are struggling with unprecedented expectations and stressors, leading to significant anxiety and depression. Might you be one of them? Or perhaps you have been surviving with a serious mental health condition such as Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, or Trauma for quite some time and are looking for support? Take the time to prioritize your wellness by seeking support. If you are ready to gain deeper self-understanding and build a life that you love, I am here to help.
(210) 899-7191 View (210) 899-7191
Photo of Sugey Duarte, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Antonio, TX
Sugey Duarte
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC-A
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78258
I am a LPC-Associate (License #86681) is supervised by Kimberly VanBuren, PhD, LMFT-S, LPC-S. I earned my Bachelor of Arts in Spanish from Towson University in Maryland and Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from The University of Texas at San Antonio. I provide individual, couples and adolescent therapy to those struggling with stress, depression, anxiety, relationship and parenting issues. My therapy approach is person-centered and collaborative.
I am a LPC-Associate (License #86681) is supervised by Kimberly VanBuren, PhD, LMFT-S, LPC-S. I earned my Bachelor of Arts in Spanish from Towson University in Maryland and Master of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from The University of Texas at San Antonio. I provide individual, couples and adolescent therapy to those struggling with stress, depression, anxiety, relationship and parenting issues. My therapy approach is person-centered and collaborative.
(210) 585-2581 View (210) 585-2581
Photo of Dr. Jacqueline Contreras, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Dr. Jacqueline Contreras
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
¡Hola! My name is Dr. Jacqueline Contreras. My experiences include treating patients managing chronic pain, anxiety, depression, stress, phase of life issues, post-traumatic stress disorder, personal growth, social phobia, self-esteem, work related injuries, car accident injuries, and adjustment disorder. I have experience working with LGBTQ+ patients, too. Additionally, I have advised college students from low socio-economic communities, career counseling, and helped first-generation college students adjust to a four-year university.
¡Hola! My name is Dr. Jacqueline Contreras. My experiences include treating patients managing chronic pain, anxiety, depression, stress, phase of life issues, post-traumatic stress disorder, personal growth, social phobia, self-esteem, work related injuries, car accident injuries, and adjustment disorder. I have experience working with LGBTQ+ patients, too. Additionally, I have advised college students from low socio-economic communities, career counseling, and helped first-generation college students adjust to a four-year university.
(210) 972-1137 View (210) 972-1137
Photo of Joy Nicewander, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Joy Nicewander
Psychologist, PhD, LP, LSSP
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78232
I specialize in comprehensive psychological assessments with children and young adults for a variety of developmental concerns including learning disorders, ADHD, Autism, intellectual disability, depression, and anxiety. As a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Specialist in School Psychology with over 15 years of experience in both private practice and educational settings, I am uniquely positioned to offer practical recommendations to help children and young adults feel supported and be successful at home and at school.
I specialize in comprehensive psychological assessments with children and young adults for a variety of developmental concerns including learning disorders, ADHD, Autism, intellectual disability, depression, and anxiety. As a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Specialist in School Psychology with over 15 years of experience in both private practice and educational settings, I am uniquely positioned to offer practical recommendations to help children and young adults feel supported and be successful at home and at school.
(210) 942-4905 View (210) 942-4905
Jim Carter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
San Antonio, TX 78209
Jim has a Masters in Counseling and is a Licensed Professional Counselor. He has extensive experience working with people dealing with various issues such as personal and relationship problems, as well as depression, anxiety and substance abuse. Often when people are given the right information and support they are able to make the changes necessary to improve their lives. In his practice, Jim offers a nonjudgmental, safe, and often enjoyable experience.
Jim has a Masters in Counseling and is a Licensed Professional Counselor. He has extensive experience working with people dealing with various issues such as personal and relationship problems, as well as depression, anxiety and substance abuse. Often when people are given the right information and support they are able to make the changes necessary to improve their lives. In his practice, Jim offers a nonjudgmental, safe, and often enjoyable experience.
(210) 714-2676 View (210) 714-2676
Photo of Taofeeq Awesu, Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Taofeeq Awesu
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78252  (Online Only)
I'm an empathic licensed professional mental health counselor with proven ability to work independently and collaboratively to at risk diverse population. My unique and diverse backgrounds couples with my multicultural experience helping in crisis intervention, suicide risk evaluation, diagnostic evaluation, psychometric testing, case documentation and biopsychosocial assessment. I work with my population using proven and evidenced based approaches. I am trauma-informed cognitive behavioral therapist with an advanced integrated therapies tailored to meet each client strengths and abilities.
I'm an empathic licensed professional mental health counselor with proven ability to work independently and collaboratively to at risk diverse population. My unique and diverse backgrounds couples with my multicultural experience helping in crisis intervention, suicide risk evaluation, diagnostic evaluation, psychometric testing, case documentation and biopsychosocial assessment. I work with my population using proven and evidenced based approaches. I am trauma-informed cognitive behavioral therapist with an advanced integrated therapies tailored to meet each client strengths and abilities.
(210) 981-4273 View (210) 981-4273
Photo of A Work of Heart Therapy, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
A Work of Heart Therapy, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-S, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78251  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Available M-Th 8AM-1PM. Women who are experiencing any deficit that is impacting their lives, in a negative way are my ideal clients. This includes issues such as self-esteem, anxiety, depression, relationship distress, and breaking generational curses (adults, couples, and family). If you're interested in making changes to improve the quality of your life, I'm open to challenging you in these areas by providing a safe, non-judgmental, and unbiased holding space to address your self-identified goals. You've only got one life and I'm interested in helping you achieve your best one!
Available M-Th 8AM-1PM. Women who are experiencing any deficit that is impacting their lives, in a negative way are my ideal clients. This includes issues such as self-esteem, anxiety, depression, relationship distress, and breaking generational curses (adults, couples, and family). If you're interested in making changes to improve the quality of your life, I'm open to challenging you in these areas by providing a safe, non-judgmental, and unbiased holding space to address your self-identified goals. You've only got one life and I'm interested in helping you achieve your best one!
(210) 791-6045 View (210) 791-6045
Photo of Nuala Martinez, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Nuala Martinez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MBA, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78230  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I aim to help clients work towards reaching their personal goals and equipping them with the tools possible for continuous growth. Reaching out for help is brave and courageous, and I commend you for taking the first step. I believe the client/counselor relationship is a collaborative partnership that facilitates a journey of self-discovery and wellness. I provide a safe, therapeutic space that is respectful and nonjudgmental.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor, I aim to help clients work towards reaching their personal goals and equipping them with the tools possible for continuous growth. Reaching out for help is brave and courageous, and I commend you for taking the first step. I believe the client/counselor relationship is a collaborative partnership that facilitates a journey of self-discovery and wellness. I provide a safe, therapeutic space that is respectful and nonjudgmental.
(210) 794-9478 View (210) 794-9478
Photo of Michelle Jacinto Psychotherapy And Supervision, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Michelle Jacinto Psychotherapy And Supervision
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
The therapeutic relationship I build with individuals, is my priority. I will work closely with you to create a plan that addresses your personal concerns, needs and goals while supporting you throughout your journey. My goal is to help you restore the feelings of wholeness and well-being in a safe and nurturing environment, while also forging resilience and tenacity. My passion is working with those who are struggling with Borderline Personality Disorder, Codependency (CPTSD and other toxic environments) and individuals navigating through existential crisis and loss of autonomy. -.-.-For faster response please email.-.-.-
The therapeutic relationship I build with individuals, is my priority. I will work closely with you to create a plan that addresses your personal concerns, needs and goals while supporting you throughout your journey. My goal is to help you restore the feelings of wholeness and well-being in a safe and nurturing environment, while also forging resilience and tenacity. My passion is working with those who are struggling with Borderline Personality Disorder, Codependency (CPTSD and other toxic environments) and individuals navigating through existential crisis and loss of autonomy. -.-.-For faster response please email.-.-.-
(210) 761-4124 View (210) 761-4124
Micaela Brewer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78252  (Online Only)
Hello, I'm Micaela Brewer a licensed clinical social worker dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With 14 of experience, I bring a warm and empathetic approach to therapy. My mission is to create a safe space where you can explore challenges, discover strengths, and cultivate resilience.
Hello, I'm Micaela Brewer a licensed clinical social worker dedicated to guiding individuals on their journey to mental well-being. With 14 of experience, I bring a warm and empathetic approach to therapy. My mission is to create a safe space where you can explore challenges, discover strengths, and cultivate resilience.
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Photo of Kimberly Ann Alaniz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Kimberly Ann Alaniz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, ASDCS
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78257
Kimberly Alaniz is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker-Supervisor. She received her Masters of Social Work from Our Lady of the Lake University. Kimberly received clinical supervision post licensure in psychodynamic psychotherapy and family therapy at Clarity Child Guidance Center. She obtained specialized training designating her as a Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist through Evergreen Certifications.
Kimberly Alaniz is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker-Supervisor. She received her Masters of Social Work from Our Lady of the Lake University. Kimberly received clinical supervision post licensure in psychodynamic psychotherapy and family therapy at Clarity Child Guidance Center. She obtained specialized training designating her as a Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist through Evergreen Certifications.
(210) 940-0886 x111 View (210) 940-0886 x111
Photo of Amaranta Penate-Marty, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Amaranta Penate-Marty
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78260  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a bilingual and bicultural psychotherapist that sees this profession more as a calling than a job. I love helping people understand that they can have healthier and happier lives if they invest a little bit of time in understanding their way of thinking and how this impact their emotions and behaviors.
Hi! I am a bilingual and bicultural psychotherapist that sees this profession more as a calling than a job. I love helping people understand that they can have healthier and happier lives if they invest a little bit of time in understanding their way of thinking and how this impact their emotions and behaviors.
(210) 940-0793 View (210) 940-0793
Photo of Desirae Ysasi, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Desirae Ysasi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78257
Frequent conflict. Broken trust. Defensiveness. Emotional disconnect. Infidelity. These are just a few reasons couples may find themselves in need of therapy. But with the right help, warmer, closer, more intimate relationships are possible. I approach couples counseling using Relational Life Therapy (RLT). RLT is a form of couples counseling that aims to move you out of your knee-jerk reactions and into a more compassionate and collaborative part of yourself. I can teach you how to move into an US consciousness based on relational empowerment instead of the individual empowerment touted by our You vs Me culture.
Frequent conflict. Broken trust. Defensiveness. Emotional disconnect. Infidelity. These are just a few reasons couples may find themselves in need of therapy. But with the right help, warmer, closer, more intimate relationships are possible. I approach couples counseling using Relational Life Therapy (RLT). RLT is a form of couples counseling that aims to move you out of your knee-jerk reactions and into a more compassionate and collaborative part of yourself. I can teach you how to move into an US consciousness based on relational empowerment instead of the individual empowerment touted by our You vs Me culture.
(210) 774-8292 View (210) 774-8292
Photo of Lea Bloodworth, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Lea Bloodworth
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78254  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you struggling with life's challenges? We all experience seasons in life where life gets too hard, and the burden seems too heavy to carry alone. More often than not, when we consider therapy as a treatment approach, we have tried everything we know to try on our own, and it's just not quite working. People who seek out counseling during these times are BRAVE enough to admit that it's okay to ask for help. Whatever you may be going through, my hope is that you seek the help you may need and find what works for you!
Are you struggling with life's challenges? We all experience seasons in life where life gets too hard, and the burden seems too heavy to carry alone. More often than not, when we consider therapy as a treatment approach, we have tried everything we know to try on our own, and it's just not quite working. People who seek out counseling during these times are BRAVE enough to admit that it's okay to ask for help. Whatever you may be going through, my hope is that you seek the help you may need and find what works for you!
(806) 605-1239 View (806) 605-1239
Photo of Steven Flint, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Steven Flint
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78228
NOW ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who served as an Iraq combat Veteran. I believe life can be challenging for all of us and often presents us with obstacles that prevent us from living life to the fullest. I have learned people are resilient, and hold the keys to a stronger and happier future. In therapy feeling comfortable with your therapist is essential in making therapeutic progress. I provide transparency, honesty, and a non-judgmental, confidential, and relaxing environment
NOW ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who served as an Iraq combat Veteran. I believe life can be challenging for all of us and often presents us with obstacles that prevent us from living life to the fullest. I have learned people are resilient, and hold the keys to a stronger and happier future. In therapy feeling comfortable with your therapist is essential in making therapeutic progress. I provide transparency, honesty, and a non-judgmental, confidential, and relaxing environment
(210) 361-3534 View (210) 361-3534

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Antonio, TX

2,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in San Antonio, TX who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Self Esteem
71% Coping Skills
70% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% Aetna
77% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Antonio, TX see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Antonio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.