Therapists in Oregon City, OR

Photo of Shannon Gander, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oregon City, OR
Shannon Gander
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045
Waitlist for new clients
You may be seeking support for any number of reasons, such as depression, workplace stress, grief and loss, shame, trauma, anxiety, loneliness, clarity around transitions, disconnection in your relationships, addictions, or any number of other experiences. Every human deserves a safe, confidential place they can go to where they needn’t feel judged, rushed, or pressured. I aim for my office to be a sanctuary that can hold the hopes and aspirations for your life. I work with individuals, couples, and families around their unique goals, needs, and challenges.
You may be seeking support for any number of reasons, such as depression, workplace stress, grief and loss, shame, trauma, anxiety, loneliness, clarity around transitions, disconnection in your relationships, addictions, or any number of other experiences. Every human deserves a safe, confidential place they can go to where they needn’t feel judged, rushed, or pressured. I aim for my office to be a sanctuary that can hold the hopes and aspirations for your life. I work with individuals, couples, and families around their unique goals, needs, and challenges.
(503) 606-8615 View (503) 606-8615
Photo of Megan Nieto, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oregon City, OR
Megan Nieto
Pre-Licensed Professional, QMHA
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Hello! My name is Megan, and I am a counslor-in-training at Oregon City Counseling while pursuing my Masters in Clinical Social Work through Rutgers University. While in my undergrad, I played Division 1 basketball through Cal State Fullerton and Portland State University. Through that experience, I became passionate about athletes mental health and their transition out of their respective sports. Outside of session, you can find me working on my crochet project, reading a good book or attempting to bake or cook a new recipe. I currently have two cats who run my house and may grace telehealth sessions with their presence!
Hello! My name is Megan, and I am a counslor-in-training at Oregon City Counseling while pursuing my Masters in Clinical Social Work through Rutgers University. While in my undergrad, I played Division 1 basketball through Cal State Fullerton and Portland State University. Through that experience, I became passionate about athletes mental health and their transition out of their respective sports. Outside of session, you can find me working on my crochet project, reading a good book or attempting to bake or cook a new recipe. I currently have two cats who run my house and may grace telehealth sessions with their presence!
(971) 571-5695 View (971) 571-5695
Photo of John Sickler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oregon City, OR
John Sickler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045
I utilize an insight and awareness oriented style of therapy that is committed to authenticity and humor when possible. More than half of my clients are involved in or exploring ethical non-monogamy or a queer sexual orientation but the most important thing I look for in clients is just a good therapy chemistry between us. I prioritize new clients with Kaiser health insurance due to a new and specific contract I have with them.
I utilize an insight and awareness oriented style of therapy that is committed to authenticity and humor when possible. More than half of my clients are involved in or exploring ethical non-monogamy or a queer sexual orientation but the most important thing I look for in clients is just a good therapy chemistry between us. I prioritize new clients with Kaiser health insurance due to a new and specific contract I have with them.
(503) 966-8297 View (503) 966-8297
Photo of Jules Duncan-Martinez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oregon City, OR
Jules Duncan-Martinez
Pre-Licensed Professional, PCA
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
Hello my name is Jules (she/her) it is nice to meet you. I’m a mental health therapist located in Oregon, welcoming to people of diverse social, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. I specialize in working with adolescents (14+) and adults presenting with issues related to depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief and loss, history of abuse, sexual assault, sexual and gender identity, and self-harm. In my approach, traumatic experiences must be approached through a trauma informed lens, meaning creating an environment that understands trauma as multifaceted while minimizing risk of re-traumatization
Hello my name is Jules (she/her) it is nice to meet you. I’m a mental health therapist located in Oregon, welcoming to people of diverse social, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. I specialize in working with adolescents (14+) and adults presenting with issues related to depression, anxiety, PTSD, grief and loss, history of abuse, sexual assault, sexual and gender identity, and self-harm. In my approach, traumatic experiences must be approached through a trauma informed lens, meaning creating an environment that understands trauma as multifaceted while minimizing risk of re-traumatization
(503) 809-5582 View (503) 809-5582
Photo of Mimi Cogswell, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Mimi Cogswell
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, PC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Effective 11/29/23, I am now accepting new clients. My practice is all virtual, we meet on Zoom and you can be anywhere: work, on lunch break, at home. Just need a phone and privacy. If you are interested, please schedule a first appointment at my web site: www.therapywithmimi.com and I will send you a link for our appointment.
Effective 11/29/23, I am now accepting new clients. My practice is all virtual, we meet on Zoom and you can be anywhere: work, on lunch break, at home. Just need a phone and privacy. If you are interested, please schedule a first appointment at my web site: www.therapywithmimi.com and I will send you a link for our appointment.
(503) 683-7046 View (503) 683-7046
Photo of Tamara Corley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oregon City, OR
Tamara Corley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Is it time? Is enough, enough? Then let’s do it! Let’s take the first step together to begin the healing, find closure and let go of the baggage that is weighing you down and no longer serves you, today. Take the leap of faith for yourself and we will take the journey together. My areas of specialty include Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, Relationship Issues, PTSD and Grief and Loss. I am inclusive and serve the LGBTQ+ community.
Is it time? Is enough, enough? Then let’s do it! Let’s take the first step together to begin the healing, find closure and let go of the baggage that is weighing you down and no longer serves you, today. Take the leap of faith for yourself and we will take the journey together. My areas of specialty include Depression, Anxiety, Trauma, Relationship Issues, PTSD and Grief and Loss. I am inclusive and serve the LGBTQ+ community.
(503) 966-5069 View (503) 966-5069
Photo of Thomas Deshler, Psychologist in Oregon City, OR
Thomas Deshler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
I create a comfortable environment in my office where people feel safe to share. It is my belief that each of us is unique in our histories and in the strengths that we bring to a situation. Part of the experience of therapy is to identify the strengths and successes we have had in our lives and to discover how these things can impact the current concerns we are facing. Often through the experience of talking with a therapist people are able to figure out how to take the steps that will make their life situation and relationships work better.
I create a comfortable environment in my office where people feel safe to share. It is my belief that each of us is unique in our histories and in the strengths that we bring to a situation. Part of the experience of therapy is to identify the strengths and successes we have had in our lives and to discover how these things can impact the current concerns we are facing. Often through the experience of talking with a therapist people are able to figure out how to take the steps that will make their life situation and relationships work better.
(503) 406-2366 View (503) 406-2366
Photo of Ben Cobb, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Ben Cobb
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
If you are struggling with closing the gap between where you are currently and where you want to be in the future, I would be privileged to support you in making this happen. These challenges and patterns often block us from realizing our potential and may lead to isolation, hopelessness, and a loss of purpose in our lives. In working through these barriers we are able to uncover the true gifts which give life meaning and purpose.
If you are struggling with closing the gap between where you are currently and where you want to be in the future, I would be privileged to support you in making this happen. These challenges and patterns often block us from realizing our potential and may lead to isolation, hopelessness, and a loss of purpose in our lives. In working through these barriers we are able to uncover the true gifts which give life meaning and purpose.
(971) 803-5381 View (971) 803-5381
Photo of The Healing Haven, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oregon City, OR
The Healing Haven
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Our approach to therapy is tailored toward each unique person, family or couple. We see people with difficulties in relationships, depression, anxiety, recovery from trauma, parenting issues, grief and loss issues, eating disorders and weight issues, chronic pain, career decisions and addictions. Our approach is a combination of traditional techniques and heart centered deep healing. Our approach geared toward finding the source of overwhelming feelings and making connections with current difficulties. Within this process we encourage healthy release of feelings which leads to healthier relationships and positive self esteem.
Our approach to therapy is tailored toward each unique person, family or couple. We see people with difficulties in relationships, depression, anxiety, recovery from trauma, parenting issues, grief and loss issues, eating disorders and weight issues, chronic pain, career decisions and addictions. Our approach is a combination of traditional techniques and heart centered deep healing. Our approach geared toward finding the source of overwhelming feelings and making connections with current difficulties. Within this process we encourage healthy release of feelings which leads to healthier relationships and positive self esteem.
(971) 253-7923 View (971) 253-7923
Photo of Stacy Forrest, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Stacy Forrest
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MAC, CADC, BCLC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Reaching out to a therapist for support might be something you've considered for a while. It takes courage to reach out. Counseling is an aspect of healthy living that can help restore balance and peace in the day to day. The process can be exhilarating, challenging, and profoundly rewarding as you gain clarity through increased awareness. Respecting the sensitive nature of therapy, I offer a friendly atmosphere that's welcoming and supportive. I actively engage in session focusing on you and your needs. Together we identify stressors, stuck points, fears feeding anxiety, and develop inner skills which are key for mental harmony.
Reaching out to a therapist for support might be something you've considered for a while. It takes courage to reach out. Counseling is an aspect of healthy living that can help restore balance and peace in the day to day. The process can be exhilarating, challenging, and profoundly rewarding as you gain clarity through increased awareness. Respecting the sensitive nature of therapy, I offer a friendly atmosphere that's welcoming and supportive. I actively engage in session focusing on you and your needs. Together we identify stressors, stuck points, fears feeding anxiety, and develop inner skills which are key for mental harmony.
(971) 216-5861 View (971) 216-5861
Photo of Cameron Beard, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oregon City, OR
Cameron Beard
Pre-Licensed Professional, PCA, MEd, EdS
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize in working with people who have experienced any sort of trauma in their life, including but not limited to domestic violence, sexual abuse, emotional manipulation, neglect, and grief. I will teach you to process and respond to your emotions in healthy ways, improve communication skills, and shift the way you see yourself and the world around you. I will help you create more balance and flexibility in the things you do and the way you live your life. I also help clients with issues including intimate partner violence, depression, anxiety, responding to anger, life transitions, and low self-esteem.
I specialize in working with people who have experienced any sort of trauma in their life, including but not limited to domestic violence, sexual abuse, emotional manipulation, neglect, and grief. I will teach you to process and respond to your emotions in healthy ways, improve communication skills, and shift the way you see yourself and the world around you. I will help you create more balance and flexibility in the things you do and the way you live your life. I also help clients with issues including intimate partner violence, depression, anxiety, responding to anger, life transitions, and low self-esteem.
(971) 306-5153 View (971) 306-5153
Photo of Valentina Muggia, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oregon City, OR
Valentina Muggia
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Currently NOT accepting new clients. Life transitions, Grief and Loss, relationships and trauma have a direct impact on our quality of life. I believe that sooner or later we all experience crisis and we do not have to overcome them on our own. In my approach to therapy I will not provide you with all the answers, rather I will guide you in your own discovery of how you can become aware of what changes you need to make in your life in order to create the life you want, and overcome obstacles that are standing in your way.
Currently NOT accepting new clients. Life transitions, Grief and Loss, relationships and trauma have a direct impact on our quality of life. I believe that sooner or later we all experience crisis and we do not have to overcome them on our own. In my approach to therapy I will not provide you with all the answers, rather I will guide you in your own discovery of how you can become aware of what changes you need to make in your life in order to create the life you want, and overcome obstacles that are standing in your way.
(971) 351-4489 View (971) 351-4489
Photo of Sarah Jean Tedrick, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Sarah Jean Tedrick
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-Sup, ATR-BC, LCAT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045
Hi, My name is Sarah and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Board-Certified Art Therapist, Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor, studio artist, and LPC supervisor. I bring my lifelong art background and skills, training in Art Therapy, counseling, drug and alcohol counseling, and psychology, years of experience working with adolescence and their families, many years of motherhood, and 18 years of sobriety into my role as a helper. I enjoy working with adolescents, young adults, and adults, with varying levels of needs.
Hi, My name is Sarah and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Board-Certified Art Therapist, Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor, studio artist, and LPC supervisor. I bring my lifelong art background and skills, training in Art Therapy, counseling, drug and alcohol counseling, and psychology, years of experience working with adolescence and their families, many years of motherhood, and 18 years of sobriety into my role as a helper. I enjoy working with adolescents, young adults, and adults, with varying levels of needs.
(503) 300-6073 View (503) 300-6073
Photo of Henry K Weddle, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oregon City, OR
Henry K Weddle
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, QMHP-R, CSWA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045
I work to support both Teens and Young Adults in navigating the stressors of life as well as helping to create a smooth transition into adulthood. Stress and anxiety related to school, peer & family relationships, and/or tasks related to the transition from childhood to adulthood are all areas in which I can work with clients. I offer both in-person and telehealth outpatient therapy for youth and young adults ages 15-25 and accept clients both older and younger than this range on a case-by-case basis depending on level of need and the client's ability to actively engage in the therapeutic relationship.
I work to support both Teens and Young Adults in navigating the stressors of life as well as helping to create a smooth transition into adulthood. Stress and anxiety related to school, peer & family relationships, and/or tasks related to the transition from childhood to adulthood are all areas in which I can work with clients. I offer both in-person and telehealth outpatient therapy for youth and young adults ages 15-25 and accept clients both older and younger than this range on a case-by-case basis depending on level of need and the client's ability to actively engage in the therapeutic relationship.
(503) 406-4159 View (503) 406-4159
Photo of Katie Palumbo, Professional Counselor Associate in Oregon City, OR
Katie Palumbo
Professional Counselor Associate, MA
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here. Choosing a therapist can be overwhelming, finding the right fit matters! You may be seeking support for feelings of overwhelm and anxiety, or a sense of disconnection from your emotions and experience. Perhaps you are ready to befriend and tend to parts of you that were wounded or hurt in past relationships or communities. Whatever reason you are bravely reaching out, there is hope! I provide a safe and confidential space for your story to be heard and honored.
Welcome! I'm so glad you're here. Choosing a therapist can be overwhelming, finding the right fit matters! You may be seeking support for feelings of overwhelm and anxiety, or a sense of disconnection from your emotions and experience. Perhaps you are ready to befriend and tend to parts of you that were wounded or hurt in past relationships or communities. Whatever reason you are bravely reaching out, there is hope! I provide a safe and confidential space for your story to be heard and honored.
(971) 299-7446 View (971) 299-7446
Photo of Andi Eckard in Oregon City, OR
Andi Eckard
LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
My name is Andi and am currently open for individual appointments through telehealth. I am a clinical mental health therapist seeing clients 18+ years old struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief/loss, identity development, self-esteem and relational issues. I support gender affirming care, work from a trauma informed lens and take an approach of my clients are the experts of their lives. I work with my clients utilizing a strengths-based approach helping them to build upon what is already working for them and help them learn new skills and/or insights through a relational approach.
My name is Andi and am currently open for individual appointments through telehealth. I am a clinical mental health therapist seeing clients 18+ years old struggling with anxiety, depression, life transitions, grief/loss, identity development, self-esteem and relational issues. I support gender affirming care, work from a trauma informed lens and take an approach of my clients are the experts of their lives. I work with my clients utilizing a strengths-based approach helping them to build upon what is already working for them and help them learn new skills and/or insights through a relational approach.
(503) 850-0659 View (503) 850-0659
Photo of Kristen McNeese, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oregon City, OR
Kristen McNeese
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Waitlist for new clients
In my approach, I work in partnership with teenagers and adolescents to help them reach the goals they have set for themselves. Often, this work includes healing from past negative experiences and traumas, support during developmental milestones and issues connected “stage of life” challenges. I have deep confidence in a person’s inherent knowledge of self, resilience and ability to heal and grow in order to be their whole self. I have experience working in the field of social work for over ten years, supporting individuals and communities in a variety of environments including the juvenile justice system, education and advocacy work, residential treatment, community-based work and non-profits. In my work I have developed a client-centered, strengths-based and trauma informed practice modality.
In my approach, I work in partnership with teenagers and adolescents to help them reach the goals they have set for themselves. Often, this work includes healing from past negative experiences and traumas, support during developmental milestones and issues connected “stage of life” challenges. I have deep confidence in a person’s inherent knowledge of self, resilience and ability to heal and grow in order to be their whole self. I have experience working in the field of social work for over ten years, supporting individuals and communities in a variety of environments including the juvenile justice system, education and advocacy work, residential treatment, community-based work and non-profits. In my work I have developed a client-centered, strengths-based and trauma informed practice modality.
(503) 386-8033 View (503) 386-8033
Photo of Mike Schwarting, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Mike Schwarting
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CADC1
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045  (Online Only)
Hi I am glad you are here. I’m Mike Schwarting, Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Oregon. I believe that therapy is a process of making connections between people. In a chaotic and unsettled world, having a real connection with a knowledgeable, kind, and above all supportive therapist can mean the difference between despair and living the life you deserve.
Hi I am glad you are here. I’m Mike Schwarting, Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) in Oregon. I believe that therapy is a process of making connections between people. In a chaotic and unsettled world, having a real connection with a knowledgeable, kind, and above all supportive therapist can mean the difference between despair and living the life you deserve.
(503) 447-5200 View (503) 447-5200
Photo of Liv Siulagi, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oregon City, OR
Liv Siulagi
Pre-Licensed Professional, QMHA
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Struggling with anxiety, depression, or self-esteem? Life can be hard. On top of that, many of us have internalized messages, and learned relationship skills that make our lives even harder. If you would like change then we should talk.
Struggling with anxiety, depression, or self-esteem? Life can be hard. On top of that, many of us have internalized messages, and learned relationship skills that make our lives even harder. If you would like change then we should talk.
(971) 293-2823 View (971) 293-2823
Photo of Sara J Hall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oregon City, OR
Sara J Hall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, MS
Verified Verified
Oregon City, OR 97045
Seeing clients in person! Facing uncertainty, fear, depression, relationship strains, money pressures, homeschooling, unemployment? Do you have a few questions for God? Your world been turned upside-down or inside out? Call or email to find some help and hope.
Seeing clients in person! Facing uncertainty, fear, depression, relationship strains, money pressures, homeschooling, unemployment? Do you have a few questions for God? Your world been turned upside-down or inside out? Call or email to find some help and hope.
(503) 212-9124 View (503) 212-9124

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oregon City, OR

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Oregon City, OR who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
68% Self Esteem
66% Stress
63% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% Oregon Health Plan (OHP)
54% BlueCross and BlueShield
49% PacificSource

How Therapists in Oregon City, OR see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

70% Female
28% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oregon City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.