Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Meagan Marsh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
My approach is compassionate, collaborative and direct. I believe developing an honest, authentic therapeutic relationship is key to making changes, so providing a non-judgmental, trauma informed space is my priority. We’ll laugh in sessions (yes, therapy can be fun!) and work together to identify your goals, highlight and build upon your strengths and insights, and explore concepts like vulnerability, intimacy, and self-compassion.
My approach is compassionate, collaborative and direct. I believe developing an honest, authentic therapeutic relationship is key to making changes, so providing a non-judgmental, trauma informed space is my priority. We’ll laugh in sessions (yes, therapy can be fun!) and work together to identify your goals, highlight and build upon your strengths and insights, and explore concepts like vulnerability, intimacy, and self-compassion.
(708) 809-3188 View (708) 809-3188
Photo of Novella Blackmon, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Novella Blackmon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
Hi there! Are you struggling with a silent war of anxiety, depression, & PTSD? Are you unsure on how to build your self-esteem? Life has just been life-ing & you feel like you're at a standstill? Lets work together to find the root of it all and work past it. I have a strong love for implementing mindfulness techniques, a focus on self-love, journaling, and a focus on the mind-body connection, adding a holistic approach to my psychodynamic technique for a little razzle dazzle.
Hi there! Are you struggling with a silent war of anxiety, depression, & PTSD? Are you unsure on how to build your self-esteem? Life has just been life-ing & you feel like you're at a standstill? Lets work together to find the root of it all and work past it. I have a strong love for implementing mindfulness techniques, a focus on self-love, journaling, and a focus on the mind-body connection, adding a holistic approach to my psychodynamic technique for a little razzle dazzle.
(630) 473-9783 x1 View (630) 473-9783 x1
Photo of Stacie Carr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Stacie Carr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60617
My name is Stacie Carr, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois. I have had my clinical license for 13 years and I have experience working with children, adults, and adolescents in a clinical setting. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, parenting issues, & depression. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process.
My name is Stacie Carr, and I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Illinois. I have had my clinical license for 13 years and I have experience working with children, adults, and adolescents in a clinical setting. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, trauma and abuse, parenting issues, & depression. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming things that challenge you. Taking the first step to seeking a more fulfilling and happier life takes courage. I am here to support you in that process.
(773) 839-7572 View (773) 839-7572
Photo of Alex Chwalik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Alex Chwalik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
Hello! I am a licensed social worker (LSW) with seven years of experience in the mental health field and a Master’s degree from the Simmons School of Social Work. I have trained in a range of clinical settings, working with diverse racial, gender, and sexual identities utilizing a social justice lens. I specialize in work with the LGBTQ+ population, folks questioning their sexuality and gender expression and those who have loved ones doing so who they would like to learn how to support.
Hello! I am a licensed social worker (LSW) with seven years of experience in the mental health field and a Master’s degree from the Simmons School of Social Work. I have trained in a range of clinical settings, working with diverse racial, gender, and sexual identities utilizing a social justice lens. I specialize in work with the LGBTQ+ population, folks questioning their sexuality and gender expression and those who have loved ones doing so who they would like to learn how to support.
(872) 713-6766 View (872) 713-6766
Madeline M Muecke
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
I work with adults affected by anxiety, abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, verbal), grief/loss, Major Depressive Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Bipolar Disorder, suicide of family member, co-worker or other, and women's issues. Experience: 30 + years in the psychiatry department of a major university clinic and 25 years of private practice. Wide range of therapies to offer the best "fit" for each client. My therapy approach is collaborative, interactive, strengths-based and focused on change. Former faculty member of The Jane Addams College of Social Work at the University of Illinois at Chicago (12 years.)
I work with adults affected by anxiety, abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, verbal), grief/loss, Major Depressive Disorder, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Bipolar Disorder, suicide of family member, co-worker or other, and women's issues. Experience: 30 + years in the psychiatry department of a major university clinic and 25 years of private practice. Wide range of therapies to offer the best "fit" for each client. My therapy approach is collaborative, interactive, strengths-based and focused on change. Former faculty member of The Jane Addams College of Social Work at the University of Illinois at Chicago (12 years.)
(773) 717-2930 View (773) 717-2930
Photo of Traci Patterson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Traci Patterson
Licensed Professional Counselor, CADC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
You may feel increasingly more anxious, emotional, or depressed. Life may even feel unmanageable. You might find yourself trying to fill internal voids with external things, such as substances, food, sex, or relationships. Experiences from your past could leave you feeling stuck in your present. Change can be terrifying, and taking that first step may feel really scary.
You may feel increasingly more anxious, emotional, or depressed. Life may even feel unmanageable. You might find yourself trying to fill internal voids with external things, such as substances, food, sex, or relationships. Experiences from your past could leave you feeling stuck in your present. Change can be terrifying, and taking that first step may feel really scary.
(312) 626-0459 View (312) 626-0459
Photo of Wild Hope Counseling, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Wild Hope Counseling
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
Kate’s goal is to bring a compassionate, and non-judgemental strong clinical background to meet clients where they are currently struggling. She can help facilitate and explore healthy ways to cope, accept, and move through difficult emotions that are keeping you stuck.
Kate’s goal is to bring a compassionate, and non-judgemental strong clinical background to meet clients where they are currently struggling. She can help facilitate and explore healthy ways to cope, accept, and move through difficult emotions that are keeping you stuck.
(815) 671-4795 View (815) 671-4795
Photo of Nicholas Calingaert, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Nicholas Calingaert
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
We rarely can overcome all of life's challenges on our own, yet reaching out to others for help is often difficult. I recognize this fact as I seek to work collaboratively in helping you bring about the changes you want to see in your life. Therapy can be of enormous value in decreasing distress, more effectively managing emotions, better understanding the causes of your unhappiness, cultivating closer and more fulfilling relationships, overcoming patterns that repeatedly get in your way, and improving your ability to build a happier and more meaningful life.
We rarely can overcome all of life's challenges on our own, yet reaching out to others for help is often difficult. I recognize this fact as I seek to work collaboratively in helping you bring about the changes you want to see in your life. Therapy can be of enormous value in decreasing distress, more effectively managing emotions, better understanding the causes of your unhappiness, cultivating closer and more fulfilling relationships, overcoming patterns that repeatedly get in your way, and improving your ability to build a happier and more meaningful life.
(312) 313-3692 View (312) 313-3692
Photo of Corie Carson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Corie Carson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
So, you're feeling disconnected from your partner & intimacy & sex feels like it has become a casualty of time, grind culture, managing life expectations &/or resentments. Jumping from one task to the next with convos regarding logistics seem to be the main topics of communication. Parenthood has led to a decline in energy & an increase in frustration in your relationship & you would love to get back to the "I can't get enough of you" days with your partner. Support around navigating mismatched desire, rebuilding trust and intimacy, enhancing communication & repairing after conflict are some of areas that feel important to work on.
So, you're feeling disconnected from your partner & intimacy & sex feels like it has become a casualty of time, grind culture, managing life expectations &/or resentments. Jumping from one task to the next with convos regarding logistics seem to be the main topics of communication. Parenthood has led to a decline in energy & an increase in frustration in your relationship & you would love to get back to the "I can't get enough of you" days with your partner. Support around navigating mismatched desire, rebuilding trust and intimacy, enhancing communication & repairing after conflict are some of areas that feel important to work on.
(779) 218-8388 x13 View (779) 218-8388 x13
Photo of Casey VanderStel, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Casey VanderStel
Counselor, LPC, MA, EMDR
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60647
I specialize in working with those who've experienced complex traumas, childhood or developmental trauma, and religious or spiritual trauma. I believe in the power of integration- that ALL parts of you deserve love and compassion. Together, we will address feelings, needs, beliefs, and the body's own wisdom, while also seeing issues in the context of the systems in which you exist. I work best with those wanting to be challenged through outside insight, and who want to learn how to feel and process their emotions. I do my best to help clients experience safety in the therapeutic relationship to begin to access their whole selves.
I specialize in working with those who've experienced complex traumas, childhood or developmental trauma, and religious or spiritual trauma. I believe in the power of integration- that ALL parts of you deserve love and compassion. Together, we will address feelings, needs, beliefs, and the body's own wisdom, while also seeing issues in the context of the systems in which you exist. I work best with those wanting to be challenged through outside insight, and who want to learn how to feel and process their emotions. I do my best to help clients experience safety in the therapeutic relationship to begin to access their whole selves.
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Photo of Gina Shropshire, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Gina Shropshire
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60626
Not accepting new clients
I believe psychotherapy can help a person develop increased insight and self-awareness leading to greater freedom and a wider range of choices about how to live. By engaging you in a psychotherapeutic dialogue I hope to help you understand yourself better so you can live creatively, authentically and meaningfully. My clients are adolescent and adult individuals who are seeking to understand themselves better so they can live more authentic, happier lives.
I believe psychotherapy can help a person develop increased insight and self-awareness leading to greater freedom and a wider range of choices about how to live. By engaging you in a psychotherapeutic dialogue I hope to help you understand yourself better so you can live creatively, authentically and meaningfully. My clients are adolescent and adult individuals who are seeking to understand themselves better so they can live more authentic, happier lives.
(708) 315-2180 View (708) 315-2180
Photo of Iva Andonovska, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Iva Andonovska
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60641  (Online Only)
I see each individual as unique and deserving of understanding, compassion, and respect. My approach is warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental, creating a space where you can feel heard, cared for, and accepted for who you are. In our sessions, I prioritize creating an environment where you feel safe to explore your thoughts and emotions. I believe that healing begins with feeling truly heard and understood. Counseling is a collaborative journey, and together, we'll work towards fostering self-love, self-acceptance, and personal growth.
I see each individual as unique and deserving of understanding, compassion, and respect. My approach is warm, empathetic, and non-judgmental, creating a space where you can feel heard, cared for, and accepted for who you are. In our sessions, I prioritize creating an environment where you feel safe to explore your thoughts and emotions. I believe that healing begins with feeling truly heard and understood. Counseling is a collaborative journey, and together, we'll work towards fostering self-love, self-acceptance, and personal growth.
(872) 274-2597 View (872) 274-2597
Photo of Christen Scozzafave, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Christen Scozzafave
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
With every challenge, change or loss we face in life, I believe growth, transformation, healing and peace are possible - even in the most difficult circumstances. We will work together to understand and transform pain, confusion, fragility, stress and difficulty. We will also achieve improved insight and strengths for meaningful change and connection. My areas of specialty include grief, maternal/perinatal mental health, pregnancy & infant loss, challenges associated with prematurity & chronic disease, anxiety, depression, adjustment to illness, career transitions, life changes and relationship challenges.
With every challenge, change or loss we face in life, I believe growth, transformation, healing and peace are possible - even in the most difficult circumstances. We will work together to understand and transform pain, confusion, fragility, stress and difficulty. We will also achieve improved insight and strengths for meaningful change and connection. My areas of specialty include grief, maternal/perinatal mental health, pregnancy & infant loss, challenges associated with prematurity & chronic disease, anxiety, depression, adjustment to illness, career transitions, life changes and relationship challenges.
(773) 295-4054 View (773) 295-4054
Photo of Angela Jaeger in Chicago, IL
Angela Jaeger
LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604  (Online Only)
We all encounter periods of disconnection and unhappiness in life. Difficult relationships, unsatisfying careers, and adjusting to life’s transitions can contribute to these feelings. For many, harmful coping mechanisms develop in response to these challenges, exacerbating feelings of despair and loss of control. However, times of suffering can also serve as invitations to let go of limiting beliefs and ineffective coping strategies in order to become the person we aspire to be.
We all encounter periods of disconnection and unhappiness in life. Difficult relationships, unsatisfying careers, and adjusting to life’s transitions can contribute to these feelings. For many, harmful coping mechanisms develop in response to these challenges, exacerbating feelings of despair and loss of control. However, times of suffering can also serve as invitations to let go of limiting beliefs and ineffective coping strategies in order to become the person we aspire to be.
(860) 968-2947 View (860) 968-2947
Photo of Front Door Health in Chicago, IL
Front Door Health
MD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
As one of the first in-home addiction treatment providers in the country, we are an excellent fit for those struggling with substance abuse and/or mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and stress who want to remain engaged in positive forces in their lives (work, family) while they recover. Our clients also value the privacy and convenience that our treatment program offers. Of course, there should not be a one-size-fits-all approach to addiction treatment, as you have unique needs and goals. To that end, our clients have a dedicated team of addiction professionals to provide psychiatry, medication, and counseling services as appropriate, over the course of an entire year. Not only are we able to more precisely tailor your recovery program than other addiction treatment providers, but we also help you learn and practice coping skills in the environment in which your sobriety will be tested.
As one of the first in-home addiction treatment providers in the country, we are an excellent fit for those struggling with substance abuse and/or mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and stress who want to remain engaged in positive forces in their lives (work, family) while they recover. Our clients also value the privacy and convenience that our treatment program offers. Of course, there should not be a one-size-fits-all approach to addiction treatment, as you have unique needs and goals. To that end, our clients have a dedicated team of addiction professionals to provide psychiatry, medication, and counseling services as appropriate, over the course of an entire year. Not only are we able to more precisely tailor your recovery program than other addiction treatment providers, but we also help you learn and practice coping skills in the environment in which your sobriety will be tested.
(224) 507-1653 View (224) 507-1653
Photo of Jacqueline Patterson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Jacqueline Patterson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
You are deserving of care and support as you navigate the ups and downs in life. As a therapist, I provide a compassionate, non-judgemental space for clients to work through difficult emotions and experiences while feeling safe, seen, and supported. My goal is for clients to feel a sense of ease when they enter sessions and a sense of understanding and hope when they leave. I work with children, adolescents, and adults navigating a range of concerns, including trauma, grief, difficult relationships, chronic illness, disability, neurodivergence, immigration, sexuality, stress, anxiety, and depression.
You are deserving of care and support as you navigate the ups and downs in life. As a therapist, I provide a compassionate, non-judgemental space for clients to work through difficult emotions and experiences while feeling safe, seen, and supported. My goal is for clients to feel a sense of ease when they enter sessions and a sense of understanding and hope when they leave. I work with children, adolescents, and adults navigating a range of concerns, including trauma, grief, difficult relationships, chronic illness, disability, neurodivergence, immigration, sexuality, stress, anxiety, and depression.
(872) 276-8792 View (872) 276-8792
Photo of Audrey Habermann, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Audrey Habermann
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AM, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
I enjoy working with a wide range of clients in terms of age, background, gender, and sexual orientation. I have several years of experience working with adolescents and those who have experienced complex trauma. I am interested in working with members of the vast LGBTQ population, as well as adult children of alcoholics, and those on the autism spectrum. I am passionate about exploring various aspects of identity and how the intersections of those identities impact our experiences in the world.
I enjoy working with a wide range of clients in terms of age, background, gender, and sexual orientation. I have several years of experience working with adolescents and those who have experienced complex trauma. I am interested in working with members of the vast LGBTQ population, as well as adult children of alcoholics, and those on the autism spectrum. I am passionate about exploring various aspects of identity and how the intersections of those identities impact our experiences in the world.
(872) 205-3912 View (872) 205-3912
Photo of Jasmine McCully, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Jasmine McCully
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Jasmine, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Oregon, Texas, and Washington. Inviting someone into your most personal space can be intimidating, scary, and daunting. Getting to this point of reading my bio is a huge step. Just know that I am SUPER excited that you have taken that step! Are you struggling with life transitions? Are you having difficulty maintaining healthy/positive relationships? Do you find it difficult to be kind to yourself? I help those having difficulty in these areas. We can work together to get you back on track and develop strategies to cope and manage.
Hi, I'm Jasmine, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Oregon, Texas, and Washington. Inviting someone into your most personal space can be intimidating, scary, and daunting. Getting to this point of reading my bio is a huge step. Just know that I am SUPER excited that you have taken that step! Are you struggling with life transitions? Are you having difficulty maintaining healthy/positive relationships? Do you find it difficult to be kind to yourself? I help those having difficulty in these areas. We can work together to get you back on track and develop strategies to cope and manage.
(770) 525-4898 View (770) 525-4898
Photo of Emily Heming, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Emily Heming
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60606  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with my Masters and Bachelors from Northern Arizona University.
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with my Masters and Bachelors from Northern Arizona University.
(224) 288-0449 View (224) 288-0449
Photo of Sharon Steckler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sharon Steckler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60657
I provide a warm, nurturing, collaborative environment to foster healthy emotional functioning. My goal is to assist you in creating a healthier sense of self. With over 20 yrs. experience as a psychotherapist, I am well versed in clinical practice. I incorporate a number of methods, including Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, CBT, Mindfulness, & Attachment Therapy. I'm certified in EMDR for the treatment of trauma & other painful or highly charged memories, experiences, & relationships. My use of EMDR can facilitate rapid resolution of painful memories & relationships, trauma, & change negative beliefs about yourself.
I provide a warm, nurturing, collaborative environment to foster healthy emotional functioning. My goal is to assist you in creating a healthier sense of self. With over 20 yrs. experience as a psychotherapist, I am well versed in clinical practice. I incorporate a number of methods, including Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, CBT, Mindfulness, & Attachment Therapy. I'm certified in EMDR for the treatment of trauma & other painful or highly charged memories, experiences, & relationships. My use of EMDR can facilitate rapid resolution of painful memories & relationships, trauma, & change negative beliefs about yourself.
(847) 807-1996 x1 View (847) 807-1996 x1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
60% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.