Therapists in Washington, DC

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Photo of Sheila M Cahill, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Sheila M Cahill
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, JD, MSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
A therapist for the last 23 years, I spent the twenty preceding years in large firm law practice in SF, DC and NY. At almost. the last minute, i grabbed hold of my life, and turned it upside down. This turned out very well. Now, every day I get to delight in working with people in a frank and open way, with the aim of changing their lives for the better. Life is difficult — there’s no way around that. But when you and your therapist are a good fit, the therapy relationship can expand your world, deepen your knowledge of yourself, improve your relationships, and release you to a life you can enjoy more fully and freely.
A therapist for the last 23 years, I spent the twenty preceding years in large firm law practice in SF, DC and NY. At almost. the last minute, i grabbed hold of my life, and turned it upside down. This turned out very well. Now, every day I get to delight in working with people in a frank and open way, with the aim of changing their lives for the better. Life is difficult — there’s no way around that. But when you and your therapist are a good fit, the therapy relationship can expand your world, deepen your knowledge of yourself, improve your relationships, and release you to a life you can enjoy more fully and freely.
(202) 643-6936 View (202) 643-6936
Photo of Maggie Noojin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Maggie Noojin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20015
I believe people have the ability and strength to heal and change, sometimes we just need a little help in getting there. Through an integrative approach, I help clients recognize their strengths, and explore their patterns to help them realize their full potential. I believe that the core of therapy is a strong therapeutic relationship - my practice style is warm and empathic - I truly enjoy getting to know my clients, and I believe the relationship between therapist and client is essential in change.
I believe people have the ability and strength to heal and change, sometimes we just need a little help in getting there. Through an integrative approach, I help clients recognize their strengths, and explore their patterns to help them realize their full potential. I believe that the core of therapy is a strong therapeutic relationship - my practice style is warm and empathic - I truly enjoy getting to know my clients, and I believe the relationship between therapist and client is essential in change.
(202) 930-9796 View (202) 930-9796
Photo of Tishanna Hollins, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Tishanna Hollins
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20003  (Online Only)
Dr. Hollins specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, body image concerns, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety disorders, PTSD/trauma, racial/ethnic/cultural-related concerns, and depression. Dr. Hollins combines evidence based treatments with a sense of compassion, collaboration, and a nonjudgemental approach.
Dr. Hollins specializes in the treatment of eating disorders, body image concerns, OCD, panic disorder, anxiety disorders, PTSD/trauma, racial/ethnic/cultural-related concerns, and depression. Dr. Hollins combines evidence based treatments with a sense of compassion, collaboration, and a nonjudgemental approach.
(571) 568-7141 View (571) 568-7141
Photo of Keri Sartin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Keri Sartin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20008  (Online Only)
My name is Keri Sartin and I am the owner of Limitless Psychotherapy Services. I am really passionate about serving and helping people. I started my private practice in 2022 after practicing as a school social worker for 9 years and providing services to adults for over 15 years. I believe adults and children, do best when they feel heard and have supportive people in their lives. I enjoy working to address concerns of anxiety, depression, and general life changes. I also have a passion for helping parents better understand and connect with their children to transform and enhance the parent-child relationship.
My name is Keri Sartin and I am the owner of Limitless Psychotherapy Services. I am really passionate about serving and helping people. I started my private practice in 2022 after practicing as a school social worker for 9 years and providing services to adults for over 15 years. I believe adults and children, do best when they feel heard and have supportive people in their lives. I enjoy working to address concerns of anxiety, depression, and general life changes. I also have a passion for helping parents better understand and connect with their children to transform and enhance the parent-child relationship.
(202) 519-4927 View (202) 519-4927
Photo of Anna Colangelo, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Anna Colangelo
Psychologist, PhD, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Seeking out therapy is the first step in your journey to healing and understanding. Through therapy, I will work with you to address present challenges, identify tools to navigate current and future difficult situations, and make changes to patterns of behavior or thoughts that are causing distress. Throughout our work, we will focus on broadening and deepening your awareness of yourself.   The foundation of successful therapeutic work is the therapist-client relationship. I understand the importance of this relationship, and I strive to establish a collaborative working connection filled with warmth and understanding.
Seeking out therapy is the first step in your journey to healing and understanding. Through therapy, I will work with you to address present challenges, identify tools to navigate current and future difficult situations, and make changes to patterns of behavior or thoughts that are causing distress. Throughout our work, we will focus on broadening and deepening your awareness of yourself.   The foundation of successful therapeutic work is the therapist-client relationship. I understand the importance of this relationship, and I strive to establish a collaborative working connection filled with warmth and understanding.
(844) 338-4927 View (844) 338-4927
Photo of Rebecca Tolbert, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Rebecca Tolbert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20019
Waitlist for new clients
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Maybe the pandemic resurfaced old issues and messed with your coping strategies. Maybe reintegrating into the world has been harder than you expected. If you already struggled with focus, motivation, and organization, all of these issues can pile on top of each other. You want to feel grounded and joyful, with a life that fits and feels like your own... not one you have to shove yourself into. You want your relationships to thrive. You deserve to wake up in the morning and feel ready and excited for the day ahead.
Are you feeling overwhelmed? Maybe the pandemic resurfaced old issues and messed with your coping strategies. Maybe reintegrating into the world has been harder than you expected. If you already struggled with focus, motivation, and organization, all of these issues can pile on top of each other. You want to feel grounded and joyful, with a life that fits and feels like your own... not one you have to shove yourself into. You want your relationships to thrive. You deserve to wake up in the morning and feel ready and excited for the day ahead.
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Photo of Tracy Belle, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Tracy Belle
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
Waitlist for new clients
I enjoy working with individuals who seek to understand and develop their potential. With warmth and directness, I focus on what concerns you today and work with you to explore your present and past for insight as to how you can thrive. With an interest in the mind/body connection, I hope to offer a fresh approach to therapy that is rooted in the reality of everyday life, yet is emotionally / psychologically /spiritually informed, attuned, and supportive.
I enjoy working with individuals who seek to understand and develop their potential. With warmth and directness, I focus on what concerns you today and work with you to explore your present and past for insight as to how you can thrive. With an interest in the mind/body connection, I hope to offer a fresh approach to therapy that is rooted in the reality of everyday life, yet is emotionally / psychologically /spiritually informed, attuned, and supportive.
(202) 980-2804 View (202) 980-2804
Photo of Angela Brown, Marriage & Family Therapist in Washington, DC
Angela Brown
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20002  (Online Only)
Angela Brown is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 22 years of experience in both the mental health and substance abuse field. She is interested in helping youth, adults, couples, and families address their presenting issues Angela specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, phobias, OCD, and other life issues. Her approaches include cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, rational emotive therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and reality and grounding techniques.
Angela Brown is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 22 years of experience in both the mental health and substance abuse field. She is interested in helping youth, adults, couples, and families address their presenting issues Angela specializes in anxiety, depression, trauma, relationship issues, phobias, OCD, and other life issues. Her approaches include cognitive behavioral therapy, solution-focused therapy, motivational interviewing, rational emotive therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and reality and grounding techniques.
(202) 517-8390 View (202) 517-8390
Photo of Jennifer R Grosman, Psychologist in Washington, DC
Jennifer R Grosman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20016
Not accepting new clients
I believe that the therapist/client relationship is central to making progress. You have to find "the right fit" in order to feel safe. My goal is to help people increase self-awareness; understanding the positive and harmful ways that they relate to others. The potential benefits of therapy include improved mood, decreased anxiety, increased capacity to experience joy in life, improved self-esteem and better relationships. Many people struggle for a long time before deciding it's time to get help. It takes courage to try to change. If you are willing to work in therapy, change is attainable.
I believe that the therapist/client relationship is central to making progress. You have to find "the right fit" in order to feel safe. My goal is to help people increase self-awareness; understanding the positive and harmful ways that they relate to others. The potential benefits of therapy include improved mood, decreased anxiety, increased capacity to experience joy in life, improved self-esteem and better relationships. Many people struggle for a long time before deciding it's time to get help. It takes courage to try to change. If you are willing to work in therapy, change is attainable.
(202) 559-4236 View (202) 559-4236
Photo of Erika Philip, Counselor in Washington, DC
Erika Philip
Counselor, LGPC, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20020
As a clinical therapist trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with 25 years in the global trauma sector and 9 years of therapeutic practice, I am deeply committed to aiding clients who are engaged, earnest, and genuine. My expertise lies in addressing issues such as trauma, vicarious trauma, and fostering work-life balance, with a focus on enhancing long-term mental health through EMDR. My professional journey, richly interwoven with global experiences, has provided me with a keen understanding of both the rewards and challenges faced by "helpful professionals".
As a clinical therapist trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) with 25 years in the global trauma sector and 9 years of therapeutic practice, I am deeply committed to aiding clients who are engaged, earnest, and genuine. My expertise lies in addressing issues such as trauma, vicarious trauma, and fostering work-life balance, with a focus on enhancing long-term mental health through EMDR. My professional journey, richly interwoven with global experiences, has provided me with a keen understanding of both the rewards and challenges faced by "helpful professionals".
(202) 759-8649 View (202) 759-8649
Photo of Erika DuBois, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Erika DuBois
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006  (Online Only)
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
I'm here to help! I offer virtual therapy sessions to clients in DC and Maryland. I love to help clients navigate their healing journey and believe that the therapeutic relationship is a mirror to reflect back the human spirit. I am a licensed therapist with extensive experience helping clients with anxiety, depression, and life transitions. I provide gender identity support and LGBT+ counseling. I am also a certified Intuitive Eating counselor helping clients navigate everyday issues as well as helping heal their relationship with food.
(202) 798-7075 View (202) 798-7075
Photo of Rachel Painter, Counselor in Washington, DC
Rachel Painter
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LGPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20036
I've worked with a wide range of individuals who have been deeply impacted by trauma due to family conflict, instability, and hardship. I have specialized experience working with trauma-related mental illness and attempt to create a brave space for clients to process their most vulnerable experiences. I enjoy being creative and collaborative with my clients while acknowledging each individual's intrinsic value and worth. I strive to provide an inclusive environment for my clients, giving empathy, acceptance, and empowerment to help them overcome shame and the overwhelming way their trauma impacts their lives.
I've worked with a wide range of individuals who have been deeply impacted by trauma due to family conflict, instability, and hardship. I have specialized experience working with trauma-related mental illness and attempt to create a brave space for clients to process their most vulnerable experiences. I enjoy being creative and collaborative with my clients while acknowledging each individual's intrinsic value and worth. I strive to provide an inclusive environment for my clients, giving empathy, acceptance, and empowerment to help them overcome shame and the overwhelming way their trauma impacts their lives.
(202) 915-5627 View (202) 915-5627
Photo of Dr. Laurie Emmer-Martin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Dr. Laurie Emmer-Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, DSW, LCSW, LICSW, LCSW-C, CEAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20036  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Social Worker (LCSW) currently licensed to practice in Washington D.C., North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, and Florida. I provide a variety of clinical services that will meet your needs. I am dedicated to helping you work through any conflicts and challenges you may be experiencing in your personal and professional life.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Social Worker (LCSW) currently licensed to practice in Washington D.C., North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, and Florida. I provide a variety of clinical services that will meet your needs. I am dedicated to helping you work through any conflicts and challenges you may be experiencing in your personal and professional life.
(202) 559-1013 View (202) 559-1013
Photo of Itselda Shand, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Itselda Shand
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
I have been a psychotherapist for over ten years working with diverse clients on an individual, group and couples basis. I am adept at working with persons who have intra- and interpersonal concerns. I assist clients with developing strategies and healthier coping skills to address the challenges of life. The theories, strategies and techniques I use in sessions are based solely on the needs of the client. My theoretical tool box can range from specific approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic to more Eclectic Approach.
I have been a psychotherapist for over ten years working with diverse clients on an individual, group and couples basis. I am adept at working with persons who have intra- and interpersonal concerns. I assist clients with developing strategies and healthier coping skills to address the challenges of life. The theories, strategies and techniques I use in sessions are based solely on the needs of the client. My theoretical tool box can range from specific approaches such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Psychodynamic to more Eclectic Approach.
(202) 509-9399 View (202) 509-9399
Photo of Thomas D. Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Thomas D. Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, LPC, CAC II, NCC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
A number of things can get in the way of us having the life that we want. My role in therapy is to help clients think through strategies to better enable them to navigate the transitions and the difficult circumstances they encounter to ultimately become the person they want to be. Therapy is about living an authentic life by taking action on the things that matter most to us, living in the direction of what we see as valuable, and engaging fully in what we do. Let me help you become "unstuck" from old patterns and develop the tools to live a more satisfying life. You do not have to figure this out on your own.
A number of things can get in the way of us having the life that we want. My role in therapy is to help clients think through strategies to better enable them to navigate the transitions and the difficult circumstances they encounter to ultimately become the person they want to be. Therapy is about living an authentic life by taking action on the things that matter most to us, living in the direction of what we see as valuable, and engaging fully in what we do. Let me help you become "unstuck" from old patterns and develop the tools to live a more satisfying life. You do not have to figure this out on your own.
(202) 953-6357 View (202) 953-6357
Photo of Jonathan Kirkendall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington, DC
Jonathan Kirkendall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20009
I'm a psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience helping individuals in DC navigate grief, depression, anxiety, and trauma. Using a blend of techniques with a strong emphasis on mindfulness to foster self-compassion and emotional well-being, I genuinely love helping clients build a lifestyle that promotes a life of mental well-being. I also has a deep understanding of military families and veterans, having served them for 12 years. I have a warm and conversational approach, which creates a safe space for healing. In-person (Dupont) and telehealth sessions available.
I'm a psychotherapist with over 20 years of experience helping individuals in DC navigate grief, depression, anxiety, and trauma. Using a blend of techniques with a strong emphasis on mindfulness to foster self-compassion and emotional well-being, I genuinely love helping clients build a lifestyle that promotes a life of mental well-being. I also has a deep understanding of military families and veterans, having served them for 12 years. I have a warm and conversational approach, which creates a safe space for healing. In-person (Dupont) and telehealth sessions available.
(202) 250-3744 View (202) 250-3744
Photo of Julissa Zambrano, Pre-Licensed Professional in Washington, DC
Julissa Zambrano
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20006
I have experience working with diverse populations who struggle with various issues (e.g., anxiety, life transitions, interpersonal relationships). I use empathy, reflective listening, and open-ended questioning to support clients in resolving their ambivalence and finding intrinsic motivation to make positive changes. I can help you manage life transitions and navigate those areas in which you need a perspective from an expert.
I have experience working with diverse populations who struggle with various issues (e.g., anxiety, life transitions, interpersonal relationships). I use empathy, reflective listening, and open-ended questioning to support clients in resolving their ambivalence and finding intrinsic motivation to make positive changes. I can help you manage life transitions and navigate those areas in which you need a perspective from an expert.
(202) 599-3931 View (202) 599-3931
Photo of Tina J Rutherford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Washington, DC
Tina J Rutherford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Washington, DC 20011  (Online Only)
Breathe! I got you...In a world filled with constant change and uncertainty it is easy to forget to breathe, slow down and check-in with yourself. The daily grind, career dissatisfaction, family demands, strained relationships, past and current trauma, self-doubt…the list goes on. Let me be your guide on a journey into true freedom and overall satisfaction in all areas of your life. We will explore your historical blueprint and recreate a design that is authentically yours. A blueprint guided by fearlessness and healing rather than fear, self-doubt and recycled patterns that no longer serve you.
Breathe! I got you...In a world filled with constant change and uncertainty it is easy to forget to breathe, slow down and check-in with yourself. The daily grind, career dissatisfaction, family demands, strained relationships, past and current trauma, self-doubt…the list goes on. Let me be your guide on a journey into true freedom and overall satisfaction in all areas of your life. We will explore your historical blueprint and recreate a design that is authentically yours. A blueprint guided by fearlessness and healing rather than fear, self-doubt and recycled patterns that no longer serve you.
(202) 998-6511 View (202) 998-6511
Evolve Therapy Practice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MEd
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20008
Evolve Therapy is a woman-owned business rooted in a holistic, strengths-based approach. Gabrielle Holder had the vision for a therapy culture built on her relationship expertise to foster empathy, empower client voice and create inclusivity. People need connections to survive and thrive, we are wired for it. We offer hope, possibility, and a space to connect with yourself and others.
Evolve Therapy is a woman-owned business rooted in a holistic, strengths-based approach. Gabrielle Holder had the vision for a therapy culture built on her relationship expertise to foster empathy, empower client voice and create inclusivity. People need connections to survive and thrive, we are wired for it. We offer hope, possibility, and a space to connect with yourself and others.
(202) 816-4373 View (202) 816-4373
Photo of Dr. Carla D Washington, Counselor in Washington, DC
Dr. Carla D Washington
Counselor, EdD
Verified Verified
Washington, DC 20006
I have been a psychotherapist for over 25 years working with diverse adolescent and adult clients on an individual basis. I assist clients with developing healthier coping skills for addressing the issues of every day life. Furthermore,as an Existentialist, I feel that it is a human right to work toward developing one's potential and to enjoy one's journey on this planet.
I have been a psychotherapist for over 25 years working with diverse adolescent and adult clients on an individual basis. I assist clients with developing healthier coping skills for addressing the issues of every day life. Furthermore,as an Existentialist, I feel that it is a human right to work toward developing one's potential and to enjoy one's journey on this planet.
(202) 670-9948 View (202) 670-9948

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Washington, DC

2,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

63% BlueCross and BlueShield
57% CareFirst
53% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Washington, DC see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.