Therapists in Bellingham, WA

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Photo of Jodi Palmer, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Jodi Palmer
Counselor, PsyD, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
I am an integrative therapist serving individuals from a private practice in Bellingham, WA. While I have extensive experience in the treatment of eating disorders, issues related to food, physical wellness, and body image, I am currently serving as a private practitioner and work with a broad spectrum of clients.
I am an integrative therapist serving individuals from a private practice in Bellingham, WA. While I have extensive experience in the treatment of eating disorders, issues related to food, physical wellness, and body image, I am currently serving as a private practitioner and work with a broad spectrum of clients.
(213) 805-8367 View (213) 805-8367
Photo of Katie Olvera - Counseling And Supervision, Psychologist in Bellingham, WA
Katie Olvera - Counseling And Supervision
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
Not accepting new clients
Hello! I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and I specialize in working with people who have been through traumatic experiences (specifically related to sexual assault, child abuse, dating/domestic violence). I am also a WA State Approved Clinical Supervisor, and I offer a supervision bundle for those interested in building a private practice while still working towards licensure. More information about my supervision style and structure can be found on my website.
Hello! I am a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional and I specialize in working with people who have been through traumatic experiences (specifically related to sexual assault, child abuse, dating/domestic violence). I am also a WA State Approved Clinical Supervisor, and I offer a supervision bundle for those interested in building a private practice while still working towards licensure. More information about my supervision style and structure can be found on my website.
(360) 305-3909 View (360) 305-3909
Photo of Meika Barclay, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Meika Barclay
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
12 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225
Waitlist for new clients
March 29th Update: I am accepting new clients on a short waitlist. Living with anxiety is hard, and chances are you’ve really tried to manage it on your own. Maybe you have a general sense of worry all the time, or maybe there's something specific that brings it on. Either way, you want to feel better. On top of the exhaustion and overwhelm, you might worry there's something wrong with you. At this point, your anxiety is giving you anxiety! What if you felt in control of your anxiety? What if you were your own biggest cheerleader rather than worst critic? What if you could live a full, bright life without anxiety holding you back?
March 29th Update: I am accepting new clients on a short waitlist. Living with anxiety is hard, and chances are you’ve really tried to manage it on your own. Maybe you have a general sense of worry all the time, or maybe there's something specific that brings it on. Either way, you want to feel better. On top of the exhaustion and overwhelm, you might worry there's something wrong with you. At this point, your anxiety is giving you anxiety! What if you felt in control of your anxiety? What if you were your own biggest cheerleader rather than worst critic? What if you could live a full, bright life without anxiety holding you back?
(360) 295-4830 View (360) 295-4830
Photo of Heather Varnau, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Heather Varnau
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
With your partner: Do you feel alone in your relationship? Are you recovering from infidelity or broken trust? Do you want to communicate in a way that pulls for your partner's understanding and connection? For yourself: Do you want to resolve your internal conflicts? Do you want to learn self-compassion and feel at peace with yourself? Do you want to break negative patterns in your relationships? I'm here to help. Over the past 15 years, I've helped hundreds of couples and individuals create emotional security, happiness, and connection through evidence-based and empirically validated therapy methods.
With your partner: Do you feel alone in your relationship? Are you recovering from infidelity or broken trust? Do you want to communicate in a way that pulls for your partner's understanding and connection? For yourself: Do you want to resolve your internal conflicts? Do you want to learn self-compassion and feel at peace with yourself? Do you want to break negative patterns in your relationships? I'm here to help. Over the past 15 years, I've helped hundreds of couples and individuals create emotional security, happiness, and connection through evidence-based and empirically validated therapy methods.
(360) 205-2569 View (360) 205-2569
Photo of Ryan Tolman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Ryan Tolman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I hope you aren't too overwhelmed looking for a therapist. It took me months to find my first counselor as an adult, but it was worth it! I specialized in seeing adults with PTSD and trauma issues. Please know that there is hope to feel better. I'm a regular guy, a nerd, a Dad, an athlete (Jiu Jitsu), socially awkward, and I love Wes Anderson movies and Star Wars. It's fine to ask for help, we all need a hand once in a while.
Welcome! I hope you aren't too overwhelmed looking for a therapist. It took me months to find my first counselor as an adult, but it was worth it! I specialized in seeing adults with PTSD and trauma issues. Please know that there is hope to feel better. I'm a regular guy, a nerd, a Dad, an athlete (Jiu Jitsu), socially awkward, and I love Wes Anderson movies and Star Wars. It's fine to ask for help, we all need a hand once in a while.
(360) 234-3181 View (360) 234-3181
Photo of Golden Circle Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Golden Circle Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98227
At Golden Circle Counseling, we believe unconditional positive regard in a therapeutic relationship can be a meaningful pathway for healing. Our goal as clinicians is to provide compassionate, empathetic care through holistic mental health practices which seek to honor and affirm the client's value of culture and beliefs. Our belief is that a successful outcome begins with authentic, respectful and empathetic relationships between client and counselor as the key for effective, healing treatment.
At Golden Circle Counseling, we believe unconditional positive regard in a therapeutic relationship can be a meaningful pathway for healing. Our goal as clinicians is to provide compassionate, empathetic care through holistic mental health practices which seek to honor and affirm the client's value of culture and beliefs. Our belief is that a successful outcome begins with authentic, respectful and empathetic relationships between client and counselor as the key for effective, healing treatment.
(360) 963-4187 View (360) 963-4187
Photo of Michael D Powers, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Michael D Powers
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
It is my privilege to have been working with couples, families, and individuals for over 25 years. My work emphasizes helping my clients find more authentic meaning and purpose in their lives, fully developing their potential, and assisting them in establishing lasting solutions. I have extensive experience treating common couple's and family issues such as communication, parenting, conflict-resolution, and stagnancy, as well as infidelity, addictions, and domestic violence. My clinical expertise in individual psychotherapy extends to depression, anxiety, anger management, addictions, self-discovery, and overall life direction.
It is my privilege to have been working with couples, families, and individuals for over 25 years. My work emphasizes helping my clients find more authentic meaning and purpose in their lives, fully developing their potential, and assisting them in establishing lasting solutions. I have extensive experience treating common couple's and family issues such as communication, parenting, conflict-resolution, and stagnancy, as well as infidelity, addictions, and domestic violence. My clinical expertise in individual psychotherapy extends to depression, anxiety, anger management, addictions, self-discovery, and overall life direction.
(360) 813-6578 View (360) 813-6578
Photo of Bonnie Marie Shanser, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Bonnie Marie Shanser
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LPC, SEP
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
In holding the Eastern-based philosophy that sees every human as inherently whole and brilliantly sane, I believe that every pain we carry--at its source--shares the wisdom of how to heal it. Supporting you in connecting more directly to your experience, to inhabit your body, and compassionately navigate the sometimes complex layers of this space can allow for reintegration of parts of yourself you may have lost connection to. In reconciliation of one's whole being--there is often a naming and reclaiming of our lived experience that needs to happen for greater alignment to occur within ourselves and within our relationships.
In holding the Eastern-based philosophy that sees every human as inherently whole and brilliantly sane, I believe that every pain we carry--at its source--shares the wisdom of how to heal it. Supporting you in connecting more directly to your experience, to inhabit your body, and compassionately navigate the sometimes complex layers of this space can allow for reintegration of parts of yourself you may have lost connection to. In reconciliation of one's whole being--there is often a naming and reclaiming of our lived experience that needs to happen for greater alignment to occur within ourselves and within our relationships.
(360) 492-4655 View (360) 492-4655
Photo of Elizabeth B Stanton, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Elizabeth B Stanton
Counselor, MA, LMHC, LMT
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
Do you feel anxious, depressed, confused, alone or misunderstood? Are you having difficulty communicating within your relationships, going through a big life transition or feeling pain and constriction from past traumas? During these times it is helpful to have someone listen and support you without judgement within a safe place. Everyone has a personal history that makes them unique with both strengths and vulnerabilities. I know the courage and perseverance it takes to face and feel the pain as well as embrace your gifts, strengths and light. whether as an individual or a couple I want to help you. .
Do you feel anxious, depressed, confused, alone or misunderstood? Are you having difficulty communicating within your relationships, going through a big life transition or feeling pain and constriction from past traumas? During these times it is helpful to have someone listen and support you without judgement within a safe place. Everyone has a personal history that makes them unique with both strengths and vulnerabilities. I know the courage and perseverance it takes to face and feel the pain as well as embrace your gifts, strengths and light. whether as an individual or a couple I want to help you. .
(360) 310-4295 View (360) 310-4295
Photo of Walter Cardona, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Walter Cardona
Counselor, MEd, LMHC, MHP, CMHS, CSOTP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98228
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, my mission is to help you improve your over-all well being, enhance your ability to engage in interpersonal relationships, empower you with useful tools, and ultimately explore and address the obstacles that may be holding you back from the life you want to live. Choosing the right therapist is an important decision and a good fit is necessary to make effective progress. I try to be straightforward, without being harsh, and encouraging without applying any pressure. My clients find me to be warm, caring, down-to-earth, and, at times, humorous.
As a therapist, my mission is to help you improve your over-all well being, enhance your ability to engage in interpersonal relationships, empower you with useful tools, and ultimately explore and address the obstacles that may be holding you back from the life you want to live. Choosing the right therapist is an important decision and a good fit is necessary to make effective progress. I try to be straightforward, without being harsh, and encouraging without applying any pressure. My clients find me to be warm, caring, down-to-earth, and, at times, humorous.
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Photo of Paige Alexander, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Paige Alexander
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98229
I provide individual therapy for preteens, teens, and young adults, and I am passionate about working with survivors of abuse and trauma and LGBTQIA+ youth. I believe a collaborative, therapeutic relationship between client and therapist is a strong catalyst for progress and healing in therapy. I value meeting a client where they are at, following their pace, and focusing on their strengths while supporting them in identifying solutions. I provide an empathetic, compassionate, and supportive atmosphere for clients with a judgment-free and supportive approach.
I provide individual therapy for preteens, teens, and young adults, and I am passionate about working with survivors of abuse and trauma and LGBTQIA+ youth. I believe a collaborative, therapeutic relationship between client and therapist is a strong catalyst for progress and healing in therapy. I value meeting a client where they are at, following their pace, and focusing on their strengths while supporting them in identifying solutions. I provide an empathetic, compassionate, and supportive atmosphere for clients with a judgment-free and supportive approach.
(360) 745-1029 View (360) 745-1029
Photo of Sara Wilson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Sara Wilson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
Not accepting new clients
I’m so glad you’re here. Whether you’re looking for a therapist for yourself, your child, or a friend, welcome. This can be a daunting process, and I’m so happy you’re reaching out. If you’re struggling with mental health or life transitions, everything can feel so heavy. Will I ever feel better? Is it normal to feel like this? How do I even begin? Considering therapy is a perfect first step. You’re in the right place.
I’m so glad you’re here. Whether you’re looking for a therapist for yourself, your child, or a friend, welcome. This can be a daunting process, and I’m so happy you’re reaching out. If you’re struggling with mental health or life transitions, everything can feel so heavy. Will I ever feel better? Is it normal to feel like this? How do I even begin? Considering therapy is a perfect first step. You’re in the right place.
(360) 516-2586 View (360) 516-2586
Photo of Carolyn Hallett Neurofeedback in Bellingham, WA
Carolyn Hallett Neurofeedback
JD, CCH
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
Neurofeedback (NFB) relieves anxious, intrusive thoughts with no drugs, no side effects. NFB calms the nervous system, improves sleep, enhances focus which leads to more ease. Enhances focus so you perform better. Reduces distractability, insomnia, PTSD, OCD, and other symptoms related to brain function. I use state-of-the-art technology that triggers the brains neuroplasticity = brain's ability to heal itself. Kids love it. Symptoms of ADHD, autism, sensory issues, rage, depression often resolve. NFB is a breakthrough therapy resulting in greater focus, resilience, joy. www.healthgrades.com/providers/carolyn-hallett-xvqpd
Neurofeedback (NFB) relieves anxious, intrusive thoughts with no drugs, no side effects. NFB calms the nervous system, improves sleep, enhances focus which leads to more ease. Enhances focus so you perform better. Reduces distractability, insomnia, PTSD, OCD, and other symptoms related to brain function. I use state-of-the-art technology that triggers the brains neuroplasticity = brain's ability to heal itself. Kids love it. Symptoms of ADHD, autism, sensory issues, rage, depression often resolve. NFB is a breakthrough therapy resulting in greater focus, resilience, joy. www.healthgrades.com/providers/carolyn-hallett-xvqpd
(360) 526-0213 View (360) 526-0213
Photo of Amy Fritsch, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Amy Fritsch
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
As your therapist, we will begin to examine various cultural and familial conditions, which have contributed to current issues and to begin the journey to healing. As I practice the art of therapy, my approach is ever-evolving and dynamic. I am passionate about psychological development, healing, and growth and am regularly studying new research on brain development and mindfulness techniques to support healing. I believe that what has happened to us in our lives can be healed in relationships and the power of the therapeutic relationship can be a powerful relationship to heal those wounds.
As your therapist, we will begin to examine various cultural and familial conditions, which have contributed to current issues and to begin the journey to healing. As I practice the art of therapy, my approach is ever-evolving and dynamic. I am passionate about psychological development, healing, and growth and am regularly studying new research on brain development and mindfulness techniques to support healing. I believe that what has happened to us in our lives can be healed in relationships and the power of the therapeutic relationship can be a powerful relationship to heal those wounds.
(360) 329-2055 x801 View (360) 329-2055 x801
Photo of Juno Wilde, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Juno Wilde
Counselor, MEd, LMHC, ASDCS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Juno. I'm easy-going and able to chat about daily stressors, but also trained to help with more serious issues and traumas. I recognize that we achieve growth in different ways, and work with you to find the therapy style that meets your needs. LGBTQ+ friendly and specialized in gender identity and transgender issues, as well as navigating life with autism. I provide a safe space for working through deeper issues, along with the support to gain confidence and embrace your true self.
Hi, I'm Juno. I'm easy-going and able to chat about daily stressors, but also trained to help with more serious issues and traumas. I recognize that we achieve growth in different ways, and work with you to find the therapy style that meets your needs. LGBTQ+ friendly and specialized in gender identity and transgender issues, as well as navigating life with autism. I provide a safe space for working through deeper issues, along with the support to gain confidence and embrace your true self.
(360) 320-6683 View (360) 320-6683
Photo of Shayna Adelstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Shayna Adelstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225
Life's heaviness may weigh you down and stop you from doing the things you want to do or being the person you know you are. That heaviness does not need to be carried alone. My approach is warm, flexible, welcoming and fluid. I value having an authentic working relationship with individuals by practicing respect, empathy, honesty, and consistently working to create a safe and comfortable environment.
Life's heaviness may weigh you down and stop you from doing the things you want to do or being the person you know you are. That heaviness does not need to be carried alone. My approach is warm, flexible, welcoming and fluid. I value having an authentic working relationship with individuals by practicing respect, empathy, honesty, and consistently working to create a safe and comfortable environment.
(360) 587-2054 View (360) 587-2054
Photo of Joshua Hilderbrand, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bellingham, WA
Joshua Hilderbrand
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225
Life gets us stuck in ruts and routines. Although routine is a good foundation, its function is to serve a life worth living, not to be served. Breaking out of patterns that are diminishing and shrinking your life is something that folks often need help with. The skills that brought you to this place in life, although useful, may not be the skills you need to transition to the challenges in front of you now. I can help you with that.
Life gets us stuck in ruts and routines. Although routine is a good foundation, its function is to serve a life worth living, not to be served. Breaking out of patterns that are diminishing and shrinking your life is something that folks often need help with. The skills that brought you to this place in life, although useful, may not be the skills you need to transition to the challenges in front of you now. I can help you with that.
(360) 583-3938 View (360) 583-3938
Photo of Mark Dotson, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Mark Dotson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bellingham, WA 98225
I have been in private practice since 2004 and work with individuals, couples and groups dealing with a wide variety of issues. I recognize that each client is unique and strive to create an individual plan of therapy tailored to each person's specific needs. This often includes dealing with what isn't working in their life, whether it's depression, traumatic past experiences or relational difficulties, also recognizing the aspects of their life that may be working well and finding ways to build on those strengths.
I have been in private practice since 2004 and work with individuals, couples and groups dealing with a wide variety of issues. I recognize that each client is unique and strive to create an individual plan of therapy tailored to each person's specific needs. This often includes dealing with what isn't working in their life, whether it's depression, traumatic past experiences or relational difficulties, also recognizing the aspects of their life that may be working well and finding ways to build on those strengths.
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Photo of Greta Hammer, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Greta Hammer
Counselor, MS, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98229  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Not accepting new clients at this time. I work with people who are having anxiety, relationship issues, low self-esteem, or depression. I have experience working with people struggling with disordered eating and body image concerns; I can help you process through the shame and guilt that so often stands in the way of reclaiming your relationship with your body.
Not accepting new clients at this time. I work with people who are having anxiety, relationship issues, low self-esteem, or depression. I have experience working with people struggling with disordered eating and body image concerns; I can help you process through the shame and guilt that so often stands in the way of reclaiming your relationship with your body.
(360) 837-5766 View (360) 837-5766
Photo of Ruth Lyons, Counselor in Bellingham, WA
Ruth Lyons
Counselor, CC
Verified Verified
Bellingham, WA 98225
Many of us drag our pasts along with us like a ball and chain that clanks loudly whenever we move; we are never able to forget those events and traumas because every time we try to change, the loud noise reminds us of all the things that have hurt us. So…what if we really acknowledge the past, and the terrible hurts, and then grasp, viscerally, that there is nothing we can do about what has happened? What if we ask ourselves if we have to continue to be hurt, to replay old issues and be triggered by them, and let them continue to run, and perhaps even ruin, our lives?
Many of us drag our pasts along with us like a ball and chain that clanks loudly whenever we move; we are never able to forget those events and traumas because every time we try to change, the loud noise reminds us of all the things that have hurt us. So…what if we really acknowledge the past, and the terrible hurts, and then grasp, viscerally, that there is nothing we can do about what has happened? What if we ask ourselves if we have to continue to be hurt, to replay old issues and be triggered by them, and let them continue to run, and perhaps even ruin, our lives?
(360) 215-2282 View (360) 215-2282

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bellingham, WA

500+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Bellingham, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
77% Stress
75% Trauma and PTSD
71% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

82% Premera
63% Aetna
60% Regence

How Therapists in Bellingham, WA see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
17% Male
5% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bellingham?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.