Therapists in Tucson, AZ

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Photo of Anjulie Pfeifer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Anjulie Pfeifer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85741
I began as a teacher and since 2018 have worked as a therapist. My clientele have come from diverse backgrounds. I've worked with my clients at resolving symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. Often these symptoms have resulted from trauma. I believe that there are unique and important aspects to every person and that this requires a tailored approach for treatment. I particularly enjoy working with adolescents and young adults. My areas of clinical interest include parenting, trauma resolution, and the development of positive coping skills.
I began as a teacher and since 2018 have worked as a therapist. My clientele have come from diverse backgrounds. I've worked with my clients at resolving symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. Often these symptoms have resulted from trauma. I believe that there are unique and important aspects to every person and that this requires a tailored approach for treatment. I particularly enjoy working with adolescents and young adults. My areas of clinical interest include parenting, trauma resolution, and the development of positive coping skills.
(520) 436-7863 View (520) 436-7863
Photo of Heather Moore, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Heather Moore
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LISAC, MAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85719
Waitlist for new clients
I have been working in the field of addiction counseling for 18 years. I graduated from Grand Canyon University with a Master’s degree in Addiction Counseling in 2014. I am Independently licensed in the state of Arizona and also Nationally Licensed as a Master Addiction Counselor. I specialize in the treatment of individuals and their family members suffering from chemical addiction and substance abuse. I also specialize in trauma and provide EMDR to address trauma/ substance abuse or both. I work with adults exclusively but will see children/ adolescents if the issue is addiction related.
I have been working in the field of addiction counseling for 18 years. I graduated from Grand Canyon University with a Master’s degree in Addiction Counseling in 2014. I am Independently licensed in the state of Arizona and also Nationally Licensed as a Master Addiction Counselor. I specialize in the treatment of individuals and their family members suffering from chemical addiction and substance abuse. I also specialize in trauma and provide EMDR to address trauma/ substance abuse or both. I work with adults exclusively but will see children/ adolescents if the issue is addiction related.
(520) 317-7415 View (520) 317-7415
Photo of Marlo R. Mendez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Marlo R. Mendez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Not accepting new clients
I believe in our shared goodness and capacity for personal growth and change through self-discovery. This is the reason I have dedicated my professional life to the practice of therapy with children and families. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults, and their families, to resolve conflicts and reach desired therapeutic goals for 17 years. I have specialized training helping others faced with a multitude of challenges to include suicidal behaviors and with issues related to anger, defiance, and conduct. Additional training areas include anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
I believe in our shared goodness and capacity for personal growth and change through self-discovery. This is the reason I have dedicated my professional life to the practice of therapy with children and families. I have worked with children, adolescents, adults, and their families, to resolve conflicts and reach desired therapeutic goals for 17 years. I have specialized training helping others faced with a multitude of challenges to include suicidal behaviors and with issues related to anger, defiance, and conduct. Additional training areas include anxiety, depression, and ADHD.
(520) 314-7876 View (520) 314-7876
Photo of Bruce Kahler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Bruce Kahler
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85712
I'm Bruce, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I enjoy working with clients to develop an equal partnership based on mutual respect and trust. I work to resolve inner conflicts formed around avoided thoughts, feelings, and memories in order to heal fragmented parts of self, improve clients’ satisfaction with their lives, and decrease psychiatric symptoms.
I'm Bruce, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. I enjoy working with clients to develop an equal partnership based on mutual respect and trust. I work to resolve inner conflicts formed around avoided thoughts, feelings, and memories in order to heal fragmented parts of self, improve clients’ satisfaction with their lives, and decrease psychiatric symptoms.
(520) 263-8983 View (520) 263-8983
Photo of Layne Hood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Layne Hood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85750  (Online Only)
I only offer online/phone services. I specialize in awakening resilience. Resilience is positive and constructive adaptation. My work fosters emotional agility, develops mental clarity, and optimizes personal power. Whether you feel out of balance, lost, broken, or looking to express yourself more fully, we can quickly activate growth in the direction you choose to help you feel better and deal well with what life presents. You can expect to access your strengths and activate your will to not simply survive but thrive and even flourish.
I only offer online/phone services. I specialize in awakening resilience. Resilience is positive and constructive adaptation. My work fosters emotional agility, develops mental clarity, and optimizes personal power. Whether you feel out of balance, lost, broken, or looking to express yourself more fully, we can quickly activate growth in the direction you choose to help you feel better and deal well with what life presents. You can expect to access your strengths and activate your will to not simply survive but thrive and even flourish.
(520) 462-5105 View (520) 462-5105
Photo of Serap Franz-Ünder, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Serap Franz-Ünder
Counselor, MSc, SEP, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes a seemingly minor event from childhood, or at other times major traumatic events that happen at any age, can overwhelm and stress us. Either immediately after or years later we start to feel the effects of these events. We may feel depressed or angry, feel anxiety or panic for no apparent reason, have unexplained physical pain, or experience difficulty sleeping or nightmares. These may start to interfere with daily life, work, and relationships. If some or all these are your experience, you are certainly not alone.
Sometimes a seemingly minor event from childhood, or at other times major traumatic events that happen at any age, can overwhelm and stress us. Either immediately after or years later we start to feel the effects of these events. We may feel depressed or angry, feel anxiety or panic for no apparent reason, have unexplained physical pain, or experience difficulty sleeping or nightmares. These may start to interfere with daily life, work, and relationships. If some or all these are your experience, you are certainly not alone.
(520) 582-0476 View (520) 582-0476
Photo of Skylar Cook, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Skylar Cook
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85742
Waitlist for new clients
The fact that you are reading this says a great deal about you. Despite the circumstances you are facing and the pain you are trying to deal with there is something inside of you that’s helping you to keep going and it's helping you find a way through the mess and the pain. My hope is to join you in your journey through this mess and pain. I am not the expert on your life, you are. However, I will work to meet you where you are at, hear your story, and together we will work together to help you get to where you want to be.
The fact that you are reading this says a great deal about you. Despite the circumstances you are facing and the pain you are trying to deal with there is something inside of you that’s helping you to keep going and it's helping you find a way through the mess and the pain. My hope is to join you in your journey through this mess and pain. I am not the expert on your life, you are. However, I will work to meet you where you are at, hear your story, and together we will work together to help you get to where you want to be.
(844) 960-2943 x5 View (844) 960-2943 x5
Photo of Autumn Wiley-Hill, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Autumn Wiley-Hill
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85718
Not accepting new clients
Life sometimes (or often!) presents us with challenges, obstacles and opportunities. These can lead to suffering, self-doubt, self-criticism, or feeling lost and unfulfilled. There are times when we identify something in our lives that we want to change (or come to accept) - yet we find ourselves stuck and unable to shift out of our patterns. I am here to help you get "un-stuck" and to create a more meaningful and serene life. Psychotherapy can catalyze a process of overcoming barriers that stand in your way through attunement, curiosity, and compassion.
Life sometimes (or often!) presents us with challenges, obstacles and opportunities. These can lead to suffering, self-doubt, self-criticism, or feeling lost and unfulfilled. There are times when we identify something in our lives that we want to change (or come to accept) - yet we find ourselves stuck and unable to shift out of our patterns. I am here to help you get "un-stuck" and to create a more meaningful and serene life. Psychotherapy can catalyze a process of overcoming barriers that stand in your way through attunement, curiosity, and compassion.
(520) 463-4178 View (520) 463-4178
Photo of Sarah Thomas-DeWildt, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Sarah Thomas-DeWildt
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85747  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I offer an empathic, non-judgmental approach to anyone needing a supportive, client-centered session, based on your individual needs. My approach is direct and active, targeted to anyone looking to either change certain details of their life or work on personal empowerment. My family therapy focuses on enhancing communication, building stronger connections, and repairing emotional wounds.
I offer an empathic, non-judgmental approach to anyone needing a supportive, client-centered session, based on your individual needs. My approach is direct and active, targeted to anyone looking to either change certain details of their life or work on personal empowerment. My family therapy focuses on enhancing communication, building stronger connections, and repairing emotional wounds.
(520) 502-6192 View (520) 502-6192
Photo of Jennifer Rollins, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jennifer Rollins
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85716
Not accepting new clients
When children and young adults struggle their loved ones struggle too. That is why I work with children, adolescents, young adults and their families to help promote strong relationships and foster healthy individuals. When working with small children I specialize in using play therapy and providing a safe, confidential and calming environment. When working with young adults there is always a need to help dalth with past traumas while working to promote the skills to transition to a health adulthood. I offer a variety of services, including therapy, consultation, and assessment in a relaxed and comfortable setting.
When children and young adults struggle their loved ones struggle too. That is why I work with children, adolescents, young adults and their families to help promote strong relationships and foster healthy individuals. When working with small children I specialize in using play therapy and providing a safe, confidential and calming environment. When working with young adults there is always a need to help dalth with past traumas while working to promote the skills to transition to a health adulthood. I offer a variety of services, including therapy, consultation, and assessment in a relaxed and comfortable setting.
(520) 477-7455 View (520) 477-7455
Photo of Jennifer Krug, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Jennifer Krug
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Tucson, AZ 85711  (Online Only)
NOTE: Only online sessions available at this time. Do you struggle with day to day activities? Feeling regret from the past? Feeling stuck? Worried about the future? Life events that have changed you? As a clinical psychologist I work with individuals in a caring and nonjudgmental environment. Issues include: Anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, aging, teenage struggles, gender identity/fluidity issues, meaning in life, spiritual & religious issues, near-death experience (NDE)/exceptional human experiences (EHE). Please note: I only work with individual clients; no couples or family therapy.
NOTE: Only online sessions available at this time. Do you struggle with day to day activities? Feeling regret from the past? Feeling stuck? Worried about the future? Life events that have changed you? As a clinical psychologist I work with individuals in a caring and nonjudgmental environment. Issues include: Anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, aging, teenage struggles, gender identity/fluidity issues, meaning in life, spiritual & religious issues, near-death experience (NDE)/exceptional human experiences (EHE). Please note: I only work with individual clients; no couples or family therapy.
(520) 346-0150 View (520) 346-0150
Photo of Casey Swenson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Casey Swenson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85718
Have you been struggling with trauma, emotional pain, thoughts of suicide, self-harm, or lack of support? Or have you experienced grief, loss, or complications in your relationships? Whether these feelings are temporary or lifelong, we do not need to continue with struggling alone. If life has been difficult or unmanageable, we can come together to find balance, understanding, and relief. In addition to therapy services, I offer Clinical Supervision to therapy licensees to guide them on their journey of licensure, providing ethical and compassionate supervision. Sessions offered in person or telehealth, weekends and evenings.
Have you been struggling with trauma, emotional pain, thoughts of suicide, self-harm, or lack of support? Or have you experienced grief, loss, or complications in your relationships? Whether these feelings are temporary or lifelong, we do not need to continue with struggling alone. If life has been difficult or unmanageable, we can come together to find balance, understanding, and relief. In addition to therapy services, I offer Clinical Supervision to therapy licensees to guide them on their journey of licensure, providing ethical and compassionate supervision. Sessions offered in person or telehealth, weekends and evenings.
(520) 379-7351 View (520) 379-7351
Photo of Savannah Wright, Psychologist in Tucson, AZ
Savannah Wright
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85716
Through therapy, I help children understand their big emotions and how to navigate through emotional reactions in more helpful, positive ways. I enjoy working with children and teens on finding the best coping tools to make the challenges of growing up feel a bit more manageable. I also help guide teens through their challenging teenage years that may be further impacted by mental health struggles, such as anxiety and depression. My overall goal is for kids and families to see and experience positive change in the home and school environments.
Through therapy, I help children understand their big emotions and how to navigate through emotional reactions in more helpful, positive ways. I enjoy working with children and teens on finding the best coping tools to make the challenges of growing up feel a bit more manageable. I also help guide teens through their challenging teenage years that may be further impacted by mental health struggles, such as anxiety and depression. My overall goal is for kids and families to see and experience positive change in the home and school environments.
(520) 217-8387 View (520) 217-8387
Photo of Jordan Stone, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Jordan Stone
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85704
Hello! I've had the privilege to work with clients in a wide range of life stages and situations - from inpatient or residential treatment to incarceration to college campuses - I've come to find in every setting that all of us are just doing our best. My hope is to help you find that next best step to make life a little more doable. Whether it be eating disorders, trauma, spiritual/religious concerns, identity, or relationships - I'm more than willing to lend a hand (or a listening ear). I don't promise to know all the answers, but I'm more than willing to help you find the right questions to further your growth and recovery.
Hello! I've had the privilege to work with clients in a wide range of life stages and situations - from inpatient or residential treatment to incarceration to college campuses - I've come to find in every setting that all of us are just doing our best. My hope is to help you find that next best step to make life a little more doable. Whether it be eating disorders, trauma, spiritual/religious concerns, identity, or relationships - I'm more than willing to lend a hand (or a listening ear). I don't promise to know all the answers, but I'm more than willing to help you find the right questions to further your growth and recovery.
(520) 502-7137 View (520) 502-7137
Photo of Nick Basalyga, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Nick Basalyga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
Nick is a licensed social worker who specializes in working with individuals, couples, and families who have been impacted by substance use and process addictions, mental health, grief and loss, and life transitions. He utilizes CBT, DBT, and family systems theory to inform his approach that is open, warm, and collaborative. He works to help clients increase understanding and empathy towards themselves and others, identify and repattern conditioned thoughts and behaviors, and cultivate skills to navigate through change. Nick earned his masters degree in social work from New York University, and has over 10 years of field experience
Nick is a licensed social worker who specializes in working with individuals, couples, and families who have been impacted by substance use and process addictions, mental health, grief and loss, and life transitions. He utilizes CBT, DBT, and family systems theory to inform his approach that is open, warm, and collaborative. He works to help clients increase understanding and empathy towards themselves and others, identify and repattern conditioned thoughts and behaviors, and cultivate skills to navigate through change. Nick earned his masters degree in social work from New York University, and has over 10 years of field experience
(928) 455-8843 View (928) 455-8843
Photo of Lily Ryan in Tucson, AZ
Lily Ryan
MC, NCC, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85705
I am here to help you achieve a sense of empowerment, wellbeing, and hope. I am a skilled therapist who will pay attention to your needs and help you figure out what you want out if life from a holistic standpoint. I use a variety of modalities depending on your individual interests and goals. We can explore your journey together in a safe , confidential environment!
I am here to help you achieve a sense of empowerment, wellbeing, and hope. I am a skilled therapist who will pay attention to your needs and help you figure out what you want out if life from a holistic standpoint. I use a variety of modalities depending on your individual interests and goals. We can explore your journey together in a safe , confidential environment!
(520) 492-1841 View (520) 492-1841
Photo of Catalina Christophe, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Catalina Christophe
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85711
I'm bilingual( Spanish and English ) MA, Psychotherapist. I have two licenses LPC and LISAC. I practice in Tucson, Arizona since 1998. For the last 17 years I specialize in PTSD work and addictions. Providing Free State funded treatment for compulsive Gambling and the families affected by this addiction. Also I provide services to EAP, programs and Critical incident stress management
I'm bilingual( Spanish and English ) MA, Psychotherapist. I have two licenses LPC and LISAC. I practice in Tucson, Arizona since 1998. For the last 17 years I specialize in PTSD work and addictions. Providing Free State funded treatment for compulsive Gambling and the families affected by this addiction. Also I provide services to EAP, programs and Critical incident stress management
(520) 253-7748 View (520) 253-7748
Photo of Benjamin Tredenick @ Entune Behavioral Health, Counselor in Tucson, AZ
Benjamin Tredenick @ Entune Behavioral Health
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
Hi, my name is Ben. My ideal client is someone grappling with grief, trauma-related substance abuse, or mental health concerns like anxiety and depression. They seek understanding, healing, and empowerment in navigating life's challenges. My goal is to provide a safe space where they feel heard, supported, and equipped with coping skills to thrive. Together, we work towards healing and growth, honoring their unique journey and integrating mind, body, and spirit for holistic wellness.
Hi, my name is Ben. My ideal client is someone grappling with grief, trauma-related substance abuse, or mental health concerns like anxiety and depression. They seek understanding, healing, and empowerment in navigating life's challenges. My goal is to provide a safe space where they feel heard, supported, and equipped with coping skills to thrive. Together, we work towards healing and growth, honoring their unique journey and integrating mind, body, and spirit for holistic wellness.
(520) 839-0223 View (520) 839-0223
Photo of Julie Konigsberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Julie Konigsberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I look forward to providing you with experienced and effective treatment within a warm, caring and supportive therapeutic environment. Together, we will work to define your counseling goals and we will achieve them through increased awareness, problem-solving and personal empowerment. I have thirty years of experience working with individuals and couples and am happy to speak with you and see how I can help you to meet your needs.
I look forward to providing you with experienced and effective treatment within a warm, caring and supportive therapeutic environment. Together, we will work to define your counseling goals and we will achieve them through increased awareness, problem-solving and personal empowerment. I have thirty years of experience working with individuals and couples and am happy to speak with you and see how I can help you to meet your needs.
(520) 441-6879 View (520) 441-6879
Photo of Katy Kottabi, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tucson, AZ
Katy Kottabi
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Tucson, AZ 85712
“We all have a past. We have all made choices that maybe weren’t the best ones. None of us are completely innocent, but we all get a fresh start everyday to a be a better person than we were yesterday.” Life’s challenges are an opportunity for growth! I believe therapy has the capacity to provide insight into ourselves, help us understand who we are and why, and increase awareness and authenticity.
“We all have a past. We have all made choices that maybe weren’t the best ones. None of us are completely innocent, but we all get a fresh start everyday to a be a better person than we were yesterday.” Life’s challenges are an opportunity for growth! I believe therapy has the capacity to provide insight into ourselves, help us understand who we are and why, and increase awareness and authenticity.
(520) 210-3754 View (520) 210-3754

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Tucson, AZ

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Tucson, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Self Esteem
79% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
67% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
68% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
67% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Tucson, AZ see their clients

66% In Person and Online
34% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
18% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Tucson?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.