Therapists in Louisville, KY

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Photo of Cailin McKinney, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in Louisville, KY
Cailin McKinney
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPCA
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40220
Waitlist for new clients
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, based in Louisville, KY. I am currently providing services via telehealth and in person. I primarily work with adolescents and adults who are seeking help with mood disorders, anxiety, trauma, and substance use disorders. I also work with individuals in the LGBTQ+ community seeking LGBTQ+ affirmative therapy.
I am a Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, based in Louisville, KY. I am currently providing services via telehealth and in person. I primarily work with adolescents and adults who are seeking help with mood disorders, anxiety, trauma, and substance use disorders. I also work with individuals in the LGBTQ+ community seeking LGBTQ+ affirmative therapy.
(606) 357-1594 View (606) 357-1594
Photo of Dr. Kelly Slaughter, Psychologist in Louisville, KY
Dr. Kelly Slaughter
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40205
Trusted specialist in childhood, adolescent, and pediatric psychology. As a parent, helping your family navigate childhood is difficult - especially with meltdowns in the grocery store, constant fighting about schoolwork, or trouble making friends. Stop fighting and falling into old patterns, start thriving as a family.
Trusted specialist in childhood, adolescent, and pediatric psychology. As a parent, helping your family navigate childhood is difficult - especially with meltdowns in the grocery store, constant fighting about schoolwork, or trouble making friends. Stop fighting and falling into old patterns, start thriving as a family.
(502) 461-1590 View (502) 461-1590
Photo of Kelly McGraw Browning, Psychologist in Louisville, KY
Kelly McGraw Browning
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40241
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in Louisville, KY specializing in children, adolescents and families. In 2006, I founded Pediatric Psychological Associates, a private practice dedicated to helping children from their earliest years through their challenging teens. Prior to private practice, I served as a pediatric psychologist and assistant professor of pediatrics at Cincinnati Children's Hospital. I work with children and teens with a variety of emotional, behavioral, developmental and social problems. I have specific expertise in the area of pediatric anxiety and pediatric health psychology.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in Louisville, KY specializing in children, adolescents and families. In 2006, I founded Pediatric Psychological Associates, a private practice dedicated to helping children from their earliest years through their challenging teens. Prior to private practice, I served as a pediatric psychologist and assistant professor of pediatrics at Cincinnati Children's Hospital. I work with children and teens with a variety of emotional, behavioral, developmental and social problems. I have specific expertise in the area of pediatric anxiety and pediatric health psychology.
(502) 324-3971 View (502) 324-3971
Photo of Aleve Douglas in Louisville, KY
Aleve Douglas
MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40205
Do you know you need to make a change, but you’re not sure where to begin? Or maybe you’re not sure, what, specifically, you’d really like to be different—you may feel adrift and find it hard to know your own needs and emotions. All change tends to be stressful, difficult to initiate, and even more difficult to sustain. Sometimes taking the space to get a deep breath and sort out what it is that you really want can help you initiate changes that help you enjoy life and connect with others. Taking that time can give you the energy and clarity of mind needed to enact new ways of being that set you on the path that is right for you.
Do you know you need to make a change, but you’re not sure where to begin? Or maybe you’re not sure, what, specifically, you’d really like to be different—you may feel adrift and find it hard to know your own needs and emotions. All change tends to be stressful, difficult to initiate, and even more difficult to sustain. Sometimes taking the space to get a deep breath and sort out what it is that you really want can help you initiate changes that help you enjoy life and connect with others. Taking that time can give you the energy and clarity of mind needed to enact new ways of being that set you on the path that is right for you.
(502) 829-7702 View (502) 829-7702
Photo of Crashonda Duncan, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Louisville, KY
Crashonda Duncan
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, TCADC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40204
Hey! Much gratitude and appreciation that you stopped by. Are you dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, low self esteem? Do you sometimes wonder how you will make it through the day? Heartbreak? Trauma? I am a skilled psychotherapist who believes that my job is to meet each individual where they are by looking at the whole person in order to get them to where they want to be. I believe that change is made through establishing nonjudgmental, supportive and healthy relationships. My focus is to create a collaborative, warm and comfortable environment in which clients feel safe to explore their "TRUTHS".
Hey! Much gratitude and appreciation that you stopped by. Are you dealing with stress, anxiety, depression, low self esteem? Do you sometimes wonder how you will make it through the day? Heartbreak? Trauma? I am a skilled psychotherapist who believes that my job is to meet each individual where they are by looking at the whole person in order to get them to where they want to be. I believe that change is made through establishing nonjudgmental, supportive and healthy relationships. My focus is to create a collaborative, warm and comfortable environment in which clients feel safe to explore their "TRUTHS".
(502) 265-3941 View (502) 265-3941
Photo of Dan Wolverton, Psychologist in Louisville, KY
Dan Wolverton
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
I combine excellent education/training (Stanford University; U of L; Palo Alto, California VA) with intelligence, heart, wisdom, and experience (23 years) to help you overcome suffering and achieve your unique goals. I work to understand and appreciate you deeply, in all your uniqueness, even as I bring the best of my human compassion and therapeutic skill to the task of helping you. Goals in our work together can include healing emotional suffering and trauma; calming stress, anxiety, and anger; overcoming loss, depression, and break-ups; resolving couple conflicts and miscommunication; and working to clarify your deeper life path and purpose.
I combine excellent education/training (Stanford University; U of L; Palo Alto, California VA) with intelligence, heart, wisdom, and experience (23 years) to help you overcome suffering and achieve your unique goals. I work to understand and appreciate you deeply, in all your uniqueness, even as I bring the best of my human compassion and therapeutic skill to the task of helping you. Goals in our work together can include healing emotional suffering and trauma; calming stress, anxiety, and anger; overcoming loss, depression, and break-ups; resolving couple conflicts and miscommunication; and working to clarify your deeper life path and purpose.
(502) 650-9253 View (502) 650-9253
Photo of Pursuing Resilience, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Louisville, KY
Pursuing Resilience
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40291  (Online Only)
Life can be a rollercoaster and sometimes hard to navigate on your own. Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed by life demands and struggling to find your peace of mind and happiness in day-to-day life? Are you struggling to communicate with your partner(s) and feeling misunderstood? Struggling with feeling disconnected or has infidelity been an issue in your relationship/marriage? Are there unresolved issues in your familial relationships? Everyone could use a little help to address such issues from time to time.
Life can be a rollercoaster and sometimes hard to navigate on your own. Do you find yourself feeling overwhelmed by life demands and struggling to find your peace of mind and happiness in day-to-day life? Are you struggling to communicate with your partner(s) and feeling misunderstood? Struggling with feeling disconnected or has infidelity been an issue in your relationship/marriage? Are there unresolved issues in your familial relationships? Everyone could use a little help to address such issues from time to time.
(502) 206-1712 View (502) 206-1712
Photo of Jane Curtis Land, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Louisville, KY
Jane Curtis Land
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MBA, MEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40222
"Counseling is one of the greatest things we can do to take care of ourselves, our child or another family member. From time to time, due to daily stressors and/or other life events, we all need help. I would certainly consider it a privilege for you to allow me to provide counseling to you, your child or another family member."
"Counseling is one of the greatest things we can do to take care of ourselves, our child or another family member. From time to time, due to daily stressors and/or other life events, we all need help. I would certainly consider it a privilege for you to allow me to provide counseling to you, your child or another family member."
(502) 819-6886 View (502) 819-6886
Photo of Jonathan Keith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Louisville, KY
Jonathan Keith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40207
Not accepting new clients
Not accepting new clients. Life is hard and I truly believe we’re all doing the best we can. Sometimes we get stuck in a cycle that we don’t quite know how to get out of.  Have you decided to set boundaries or change some of your own behaviors? I believe that together we can discover a solution that will allow you to live a more fulfilling life. When people are able to become more in touch with their thoughts and feelings, they often make decisions that make them feel more in control, less stressed and more satisfied with life.
Not accepting new clients. Life is hard and I truly believe we’re all doing the best we can. Sometimes we get stuck in a cycle that we don’t quite know how to get out of.  Have you decided to set boundaries or change some of your own behaviors? I believe that together we can discover a solution that will allow you to live a more fulfilling life. When people are able to become more in touch with their thoughts and feelings, they often make decisions that make them feel more in control, less stressed and more satisfied with life.
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Photo of Guided Path Counseling, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Louisville, KY
Guided Path Counseling
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCMHSP, LPPCS, LCMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40219  (Online Only)
Guided Path Counseling provides a high-quality network of therapists who tailor their therapeutic approach to meet the needs of each client in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Utah. GPC provides these services virtually, which allows for increased client anonymity and the ability to receive therapy services from your own home! GPC therapists have dedicated their lives to helping others. Therefore, you can expect to be in an authentic, warm, empathetic, non-judgmental environment. Besides traditional therapy, the director offers assessments for emotional support animals and evaluations for gender affirming care procedures.
Guided Path Counseling provides a high-quality network of therapists who tailor their therapeutic approach to meet the needs of each client in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Utah. GPC provides these services virtually, which allows for increased client anonymity and the ability to receive therapy services from your own home! GPC therapists have dedicated their lives to helping others. Therefore, you can expect to be in an authentic, warm, empathetic, non-judgmental environment. Besides traditional therapy, the director offers assessments for emotional support animals and evaluations for gender affirming care procedures.
(502) 677-3204 View (502) 677-3204
Photo of Amanda Townsell, Counselor in Louisville, KY
Amanda Townsell
Counselor, LPCC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40217
Not accepting new clients
Not currently accepting new clients. I enjoy working with clients to increase their coping skills, self-esteem, and healthy boundaries. My practice assists adolescents and adults who are seeking therapy for anxiety, stress management, trauma, and personal growth.
Not currently accepting new clients. I enjoy working with clients to increase their coping skills, self-esteem, and healthy boundaries. My practice assists adolescents and adults who are seeking therapy for anxiety, stress management, trauma, and personal growth.
(502) 237-7527 View (502) 237-7527
Relationship Solutions
Marriage & Family Therapist, MSSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Are you struggling to connect with your partner? Are you tired of conversations always ending in arguments? Do you wish there was an affordable option for couple or family counseling? The Relationship Solutions Clinic is an innovative counseling environment coordinated by the Couple & Family Therapy Program in the Kent School of Social Work at the University of Louisville. We work with couples and families to decrease conflict, improve communication, and enhance the well-being of all family members.
Are you struggling to connect with your partner? Are you tired of conversations always ending in arguments? Do you wish there was an affordable option for couple or family counseling? The Relationship Solutions Clinic is an innovative counseling environment coordinated by the Couple & Family Therapy Program in the Kent School of Social Work at the University of Louisville. We work with couples and families to decrease conflict, improve communication, and enhance the well-being of all family members.
(502) 547-9612 View (502) 547-9612
Photo of Dr. Jacquelyn J. Graven - Graven & Associates, Psychologist in Louisville, KY
Dr. Jacquelyn J. Graven - Graven & Associates
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Dr. Graven is a licensed psychologist and a neuropsychologist. She provides professional care and treatment for children, adolescents, teens, adults, families, and couples. Dr. Graven offers psychological & neuropsychological testing, therapy, and addresses issues such as: anxiety, depression, bipolar, anger, learning disabilities, life stress, relationship issues, grief, cognitive impairment, memory impairment, dementia, adjustment issues, divorce, marriage issues, women's issues, behavior problems, self-esteem, peer issues, work stress, sensory issues, brain injury, alzheimer's disease, attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder, family issues, post traumatic stress disorder, and military life transitions.
Dr. Graven is a licensed psychologist and a neuropsychologist. She provides professional care and treatment for children, adolescents, teens, adults, families, and couples. Dr. Graven offers psychological & neuropsychological testing, therapy, and addresses issues such as: anxiety, depression, bipolar, anger, learning disabilities, life stress, relationship issues, grief, cognitive impairment, memory impairment, dementia, adjustment issues, divorce, marriage issues, women's issues, behavior problems, self-esteem, peer issues, work stress, sensory issues, brain injury, alzheimer's disease, attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder, family issues, post traumatic stress disorder, and military life transitions.
(502) 804-4122 View (502) 804-4122
Photo of Elizabeth J. Huss, Counselor in Louisville, KY
Elizabeth J. Huss
Counselor, M Ed, LPCC, IMHP
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40204  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am glad you are here and I respect your courage to engage in this process. Throughout my fifteen years of practice as a counselor and art therapist, I have been privileged to work alongside adolescents and adults in their healing journeys. My aim is to create a safe and nurturing environment that helps empower you to navigate life's difficulties. In our work together, we will lean on your innate strengths to increase resilience, compassion and self-awareness. I enjoy helping my clients develop strategies for coping with symptoms of ADHD, processing trauma, moving through grief and managing anger, depression and anxiety.
Welcome! I am glad you are here and I respect your courage to engage in this process. Throughout my fifteen years of practice as a counselor and art therapist, I have been privileged to work alongside adolescents and adults in their healing journeys. My aim is to create a safe and nurturing environment that helps empower you to navigate life's difficulties. In our work together, we will lean on your innate strengths to increase resilience, compassion and self-awareness. I enjoy helping my clients develop strategies for coping with symptoms of ADHD, processing trauma, moving through grief and managing anger, depression and anxiety.
(502) 503-5340 View (502) 503-5340
Photo of Kyle Coma-Thompson, Counselor in Louisville, KY
Kyle Coma-Thompson
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40207
I take an integrative approach to therapy, providing a range of techniques to meet you where you are and draw on your strengths. I have experience assisting children, teens, and adults in group and individual clinical settings. I am trained in EMDR and incorporate elements of Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS) along with mindfulness-based forms of treatment such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). My work with teens and children frequently applies techniques from Expressive Therapy and Play Therapy.
I take an integrative approach to therapy, providing a range of techniques to meet you where you are and draw on your strengths. I have experience assisting children, teens, and adults in group and individual clinical settings. I am trained in EMDR and incorporate elements of Internal Family Systems Therapy (IFS) along with mindfulness-based forms of treatment such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). My work with teens and children frequently applies techniques from Expressive Therapy and Play Therapy.
(502) 305-5449 View (502) 305-5449
Photo of Tiffany Farris, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Louisville, KY
Tiffany Farris
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40222
The time is now and you just made an awesome first step! Navigating life and all that it throws at us can be a difficult task. You no longer need to feel alone on your journey. Whether you need intensive services or short-term treatment, together we can create a plan that best fits your needs. I believe that no issue is too big or too small. If you are struggling with unresolved trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, family conflict, mood instability or life transitions, I am here to guide you through your next steps. I take pride in providing a safe environment that will aid in the healing process and restore hope.
The time is now and you just made an awesome first step! Navigating life and all that it throws at us can be a difficult task. You no longer need to feel alone on your journey. Whether you need intensive services or short-term treatment, together we can create a plan that best fits your needs. I believe that no issue is too big or too small. If you are struggling with unresolved trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, family conflict, mood instability or life transitions, I am here to guide you through your next steps. I take pride in providing a safe environment that will aid in the healing process and restore hope.
(502) 443-9383 View (502) 443-9383
Photo of Jessica Miller, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Louisville, KY
Jessica Miller
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MEd, LPCC-S, TCM
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40272
I have been working in the mental health field since October 2006, when I accepted my first position as Activities Therapist on a behavioral medicine center. I have now been practicing independently since 2011. I have seen a broad spectrum of clients throughout my time as a mental health counselor, children and adults, and I have learned through these experiences that the client holds the key. My efforts are to encourage empowerment and strength to implement the changes addressed during therapy, and improve your overall quality of life.
I have been working in the mental health field since October 2006, when I accepted my first position as Activities Therapist on a behavioral medicine center. I have now been practicing independently since 2011. I have seen a broad spectrum of clients throughout my time as a mental health counselor, children and adults, and I have learned through these experiences that the client holds the key. My efforts are to encourage empowerment and strength to implement the changes addressed during therapy, and improve your overall quality of life.
(502) 215-3517 View (502) 215-3517
Photo of Ebony Dixon, Counselor in Louisville, KY
Ebony Dixon
Counselor, LPCA
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40218
I am Ebony, a licensed professional counselor with a specialization in trauma recovery for children, families, and adults. My extensive experience has taught me the importance of approaching my work with compassion and empathy. I am deeply committed to helping families heal from their traumatic experiences and guiding them toward a path of resilience and improved well-being.
I am Ebony, a licensed professional counselor with a specialization in trauma recovery for children, families, and adults. My extensive experience has taught me the importance of approaching my work with compassion and empathy. I am deeply committed to helping families heal from their traumatic experiences and guiding them toward a path of resilience and improved well-being.
(502) 317-2180 View (502) 317-2180
Photo of Carrie Heuser, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Louisville, KY
Carrie Heuser
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Louisville, KY 40222
Not accepting new clients
For as long as I can remember I have loved to listen, help and encourage others. As a therapist I am honored to be asked to share a part of your journey, to help you seek, grow and/or learn more about yourself, to confront what may be holding you back, and to discover strategies on how to pursue your dreams and reach your goals. I am here to listen and share in your journey of healing while providing you with an empathetic, compassionate and safe environment.
For as long as I can remember I have loved to listen, help and encourage others. As a therapist I am honored to be asked to share a part of your journey, to help you seek, grow and/or learn more about yourself, to confront what may be holding you back, and to discover strategies on how to pursue your dreams and reach your goals. I am here to listen and share in your journey of healing while providing you with an empathetic, compassionate and safe environment.
(502) 822-5951 View (502) 822-5951
Photo of Barbara E Motley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Louisville, KY
Barbara E Motley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Louisville, KY 40205
Feeling adrift, like you are treading water? Let me provide a safe harbor. I am a therapist who takes a holistic approach to assist each person in identifying solutions to their issues. I have a wide scope experience: I’ve spent much of my therapy career with adults in crisis, serious mental illness, depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions and substance/alcohol abuse.
Feeling adrift, like you are treading water? Let me provide a safe harbor. I am a therapist who takes a holistic approach to assist each person in identifying solutions to their issues. I have a wide scope experience: I’ve spent much of my therapy career with adults in crisis, serious mental illness, depression, anxiety, grief, life transitions and substance/alcohol abuse.
(502) 532-2718 View (502) 532-2718

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Louisville, KY

1,000+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Louisville, KY who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
71% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
59% Relationship Issues
58% Grief

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

71% Aetna
71% Humana
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Louisville, KY see their clients

73% In Person and Online
27% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Louisville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.