Therapists in Glendale, AZ

Photo of Darcy Bracamonte, Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Darcy Bracamonte
Counselor, MA, LISAC, LAC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
I am a compassionate and experienced therapist, and I work with adolescents and adults with a variety of issues and concerns. My interaction with clients is both warm and encouraging. Counseling is helpful for those wanting to gain new insights about themselves and the issues that they want to work on. We will use creative thinking and problem-solving to identify possible solutions for the issues at hand.
I am a compassionate and experienced therapist, and I work with adolescents and adults with a variety of issues and concerns. My interaction with clients is both warm and encouraging. Counseling is helpful for those wanting to gain new insights about themselves and the issues that they want to work on. We will use creative thinking and problem-solving to identify possible solutions for the issues at hand.
(623) 323-1940 x1 View (623) 323-1940 x1
Photo of Alicia Leguizamo, Marriage & Family Therapist in Glendale, AZ
Alicia Leguizamo
Marriage & Family Therapist, LAMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
Hi, I'm Alicia Leguizamo a Licensed Associate in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am based out of Arizona and was born and raised in Southern California. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families (fluent in both Spanish & English). I have a passion for helping marriages and supporting clients struggling with depression, anxiety, grief & loss, trauma, or simply assisting clients who want to rediscover balance in their lives. I help clients find their desire to explore and learn how to live with strong and challenging emotions and situations.
Hi, I'm Alicia Leguizamo a Licensed Associate in Marriage and Family Therapy. I am based out of Arizona and was born and raised in Southern California. I have worked with individuals, couples, and families (fluent in both Spanish & English). I have a passion for helping marriages and supporting clients struggling with depression, anxiety, grief & loss, trauma, or simply assisting clients who want to rediscover balance in their lives. I help clients find their desire to explore and learn how to live with strong and challenging emotions and situations.
(623) 294-3551 x713 View (623) 294-3551 x713
Photo of Ashley A Curtis, Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Ashley A Curtis
Counselor, LMHCA, LAC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85305  (Online Only)
My ideal client, rooted in Black and Brown communities, seeks liberation from generational patterns. They crave authentic self-expression, healing from deep-seated traumas, and genuine personal growth. Their quest is for an authentic path, shedding burdens that no longer serve, and discovering true selves through artistic exploration. Their motivation? To rewrite their narrative, transform their existence, and inspire change for themselves, families, and the community. It's about embracing identity, unlocking potential, and channeling creativity for profound personal growth.
My ideal client, rooted in Black and Brown communities, seeks liberation from generational patterns. They crave authentic self-expression, healing from deep-seated traumas, and genuine personal growth. Their quest is for an authentic path, shedding burdens that no longer serve, and discovering true selves through artistic exploration. Their motivation? To rewrite their narrative, transform their existence, and inspire change for themselves, families, and the community. It's about embracing identity, unlocking potential, and channeling creativity for profound personal growth.
(623) 292-6646 View (623) 292-6646
Photo of McGady & Associates Psychological Services, PLC, Psychologist in Glendale, AZ
McGady & Associates Psychological Services, PLC
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85302
McGady and Associates Psychological Services (MAAPS) provides a variety of clinical, forensic, consultation, supervision, and training services to the greater phoenix area. Clinical services include individual, couples', and family psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and adults to address a wide array of issues including depression, anxiety, parenting issues, anger issues, trauma and more. Psychological evaluations are another service provided by MAAPS to assist with diagnostic clarification and treatment planning. The types of evaluations offered include comprehensive, autism diagnostic and psychosexual evaluations.
McGady and Associates Psychological Services (MAAPS) provides a variety of clinical, forensic, consultation, supervision, and training services to the greater phoenix area. Clinical services include individual, couples', and family psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and adults to address a wide array of issues including depression, anxiety, parenting issues, anger issues, trauma and more. Psychological evaluations are another service provided by MAAPS to assist with diagnostic clarification and treatment planning. The types of evaluations offered include comprehensive, autism diagnostic and psychosexual evaluations.
(602) 456-4817 View (602) 456-4817
Photo of Cynthia Shembab, Marriage & Family Therapist in Glendale, AZ
Cynthia Shembab
Marriage & Family Therapist, LAMFT
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85308
I desire to encourage and empower individuals, families, and children as they work through life challenges and trauma toward healing. I have a heart to join with people to find healing through discovering their resilience and capacity to create change within relationships, valuing family-centered care through education, prevention, and collaboration. I have EMDR training. I am currently supervised by Dr. Nancy Frigaard, D.Min, LMFT-15231.
I desire to encourage and empower individuals, families, and children as they work through life challenges and trauma toward healing. I have a heart to join with people to find healing through discovering their resilience and capacity to create change within relationships, valuing family-centered care through education, prevention, and collaboration. I have EMDR training. I am currently supervised by Dr. Nancy Frigaard, D.Min, LMFT-15231.
(623) 257-5725 View (623) 257-5725
Photo of Kayla Miro, Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Kayla Miro
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85306  (Online Only)
Presenting needs: anxiety, depression, time management, self-esteem, boundaries, codependency, emotion regulation, nervous system reset, CBT, DBT, mindfulness.
Presenting needs: anxiety, depression, time management, self-esteem, boundaries, codependency, emotion regulation, nervous system reset, CBT, DBT, mindfulness.
(623) 920-0839 View (623) 920-0839
Photo of Jennifer Santos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glendale, AZ
Jennifer Santos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85304  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome to this next step in your journey! Your willingness to prioritize yourself and your mental health is inspiring . I have worked in the mental health field for over 10 years and am passionate about working with adults looking to heal their inner child. Do your past experiences disrupt your present life? Does your body have a reaction to certain tones of voice, situations, places, and or a specific person and you are not sure why? Let's get to work in exploring and healing those wounded parts.
Hello and welcome to this next step in your journey! Your willingness to prioritize yourself and your mental health is inspiring . I have worked in the mental health field for over 10 years and am passionate about working with adults looking to heal their inner child. Do your past experiences disrupt your present life? Does your body have a reaction to certain tones of voice, situations, places, and or a specific person and you are not sure why? Let's get to work in exploring and healing those wounded parts.
(623) 471-7021 View (623) 471-7021
Photo of Joy Giorgio, Marriage & Family Therapist in Glendale, AZ
Joy Giorgio
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
I believe that people do not go to therapy to change who they are, but to let go of who they are not. I act as a guide for adult individuals and couples using mindfulness, relational, and cognitive therapies. Together, we identify and change unhealthy survival skills, irrational thoughts, and behavioral patterns that have lead you off course. It is through this process of becoming aware that new and fresh perspectives can be found. This will lead to increased confidence in decision making, communicating and creating healthy and fulfilling relationships with yourself & others.
I believe that people do not go to therapy to change who they are, but to let go of who they are not. I act as a guide for adult individuals and couples using mindfulness, relational, and cognitive therapies. Together, we identify and change unhealthy survival skills, irrational thoughts, and behavioral patterns that have lead you off course. It is through this process of becoming aware that new and fresh perspectives can be found. This will lead to increased confidence in decision making, communicating and creating healthy and fulfilling relationships with yourself & others.
(623) 300-1314 View (623) 300-1314
Photo of Paula Jayne Byrne in Glendale, AZ
Paula Jayne Byrne
MA, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
Waitlist for new clients
Everybody needs somebody to talk to. A sympathetic ear. A listener, a supporter, a guide through the difficult times and along the road to a better future. The transitions that come with marriage and with divorce. The arrival of a child, which always changes the family dynamic; the departure of a child, which brings its own anxieties. Living with a chronically ill child. Loving a rebellious adolescent. Miscarriage, menopause, bereavement. Other life changes, too: relocating to another city, even another country. All the things that can drive a couple apart, but also, with the right help, bring them closer together.
Everybody needs somebody to talk to. A sympathetic ear. A listener, a supporter, a guide through the difficult times and along the road to a better future. The transitions that come with marriage and with divorce. The arrival of a child, which always changes the family dynamic; the departure of a child, which brings its own anxieties. Living with a chronically ill child. Loving a rebellious adolescent. Miscarriage, menopause, bereavement. Other life changes, too: relocating to another city, even another country. All the things that can drive a couple apart, but also, with the right help, bring them closer together.
(623) 240-4619 x705 View (623) 240-4619 x705
Photo of Kayla Jarred, Psychologist in Glendale, AZ
Kayla Jarred
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85302  (Online Only)
Life gets kind of nutty at times, and the stress can be rather overwhelming. Whether the stress is long lived and has such a history, or the stress is new and unfamiliar, having a guide to help can really alleviate some of the pressure. You could need some guidance and assistance for a short while, meaning a few months, or sustained support while you face these ongoing stressors until resolution is found. If something has come along and majorly disrupted your general life or a specific area of your life, come see how therapeutic support could assist you.
Life gets kind of nutty at times, and the stress can be rather overwhelming. Whether the stress is long lived and has such a history, or the stress is new and unfamiliar, having a guide to help can really alleviate some of the pressure. You could need some guidance and assistance for a short while, meaning a few months, or sustained support while you face these ongoing stressors until resolution is found. If something has come along and majorly disrupted your general life or a specific area of your life, come see how therapeutic support could assist you.
(602) 962-8739 View (602) 962-8739
Photo of Darlene Summers, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Darlene Summers
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85308
I understand that it takes a lot of courage to share your most personal and intimate issues with another person, and my goal is to make this process as comfortable and rewarding as possible. I provide my clients with a safe and professional enviroment from which we can explore life's most difficult hurdles. If you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, anxious or just plain stressed-out, working with an experienced therapist can be extremely beneficial. I work with individuals, couples and families using an eclectic approach tailored to the unique needs of each person involved.
I understand that it takes a lot of courage to share your most personal and intimate issues with another person, and my goal is to make this process as comfortable and rewarding as possible. I provide my clients with a safe and professional enviroment from which we can explore life's most difficult hurdles. If you're feeling overwhelmed, depressed, anxious or just plain stressed-out, working with an experienced therapist can be extremely beneficial. I work with individuals, couples and families using an eclectic approach tailored to the unique needs of each person involved.
(602) 910-2701 View (602) 910-2701
Photo of Jaymina Patel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Jaymina Patel
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85310  (Online Only)
My clients may be high achieving individuals suffering from various forms of angst between family stressors, career pressures, health changes, life transitions, and having difficulty facing patterns that no longer serve them or their relationship with the world. My clients may be dealing with depression, anxiety, and a lack of clarity. They may be having difficulty finding the answers that are already within themselves. My goal is to expose them to these codes and present the various strengths their mind finds.
My clients may be high achieving individuals suffering from various forms of angst between family stressors, career pressures, health changes, life transitions, and having difficulty facing patterns that no longer serve them or their relationship with the world. My clients may be dealing with depression, anxiety, and a lack of clarity. They may be having difficulty finding the answers that are already within themselves. My goal is to expose them to these codes and present the various strengths their mind finds.
(602) 932-2002 View (602) 932-2002
Photo of Samuel S Lample, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Samuel S Lample
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
If you value a close connection with your therapist above all, then you and I would be a good fit. I am a firm believer that most of our emotional pain is caused by unhealthy relationships and that we find healing through healthy relationships. We will work together to develop a deep, authentic, therapeutic relationship walking along side you from stuck to free. If life has become lifeless, let me help you find some passion and some hope.
If you value a close connection with your therapist above all, then you and I would be a good fit. I am a firm believer that most of our emotional pain is caused by unhealthy relationships and that we find healing through healthy relationships. We will work together to develop a deep, authentic, therapeutic relationship walking along side you from stuck to free. If life has become lifeless, let me help you find some passion and some hope.
(602) 734-5815 View (602) 734-5815
Photo of A.R.I.S.E. Community Solutions , Licensed Associate Counselor in Glendale, AZ
A.R.I.S.E. Community Solutions
Licensed Associate Counselor
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85302
ARISE is a non-profit organization that strives to provide healing services to individuals, couples, and families. They offer counseling services to adolescents, adults, and geriatrics. Additionally, an Intensive Outpatient Program is available for adults. Our providers use a variety of theoretical perspectives and modalities. The patients’ situation, needs, culture, and spiritual prospective are taken into consideration. ARISE has a Psychiatrist (Dr. Sora), Licensed Associate Counselors, Master Level Counselors, BHTs, Veteran Peer Support, Case Managers and Family Nurse Practitioner on staff to best meet the needs of the community.
ARISE is a non-profit organization that strives to provide healing services to individuals, couples, and families. They offer counseling services to adolescents, adults, and geriatrics. Additionally, an Intensive Outpatient Program is available for adults. Our providers use a variety of theoretical perspectives and modalities. The patients’ situation, needs, culture, and spiritual prospective are taken into consideration. ARISE has a Psychiatrist (Dr. Sora), Licensed Associate Counselors, Master Level Counselors, BHTs, Veteran Peer Support, Case Managers and Family Nurse Practitioner on staff to best meet the needs of the community.
(602) 671-0966 View (602) 671-0966
Photo of Anita Lindsey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Glendale, AZ
Anita Lindsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
ACCepting New Clients! Are you struggling with relationships, self love, anxiety, loss of a loved one, depression, suicidal thoughts, or family issues? I have worked with All AGES and their families who have experienced a range of COMPLEX traumas, grief and loss, and coped with developmental disabilities. I have an Attachment and Emotion Focused Approach along with other skills such as Cognitive Behavior Therapist and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. I have also helped families and caretakers navigate the emotional complexities of foster care and adoption. Knowledgeable on resources and helping families decide approaches.
ACCepting New Clients! Are you struggling with relationships, self love, anxiety, loss of a loved one, depression, suicidal thoughts, or family issues? I have worked with All AGES and their families who have experienced a range of COMPLEX traumas, grief and loss, and coped with developmental disabilities. I have an Attachment and Emotion Focused Approach along with other skills such as Cognitive Behavior Therapist and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. I have also helped families and caretakers navigate the emotional complexities of foster care and adoption. Knowledgeable on resources and helping families decide approaches.
(480) 800-0249 x6 View (480) 800-0249 x6
Photo of Jason Klarer- Wounded Healer Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Jason Klarer- Wounded Healer Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308  (Online Only)
I work best with clients who have difficult past experiences. I utilize EMDR (trauma therapy that involves bilateral stimuli) to assist clients in processing through traumatic events in their lives. Trauma is any experience in the past that has changed the way you see yourself and the world around you producing negative beliefs such as: "I'm not good enough", "I'm worthless", "It's not okay to feel/show my emotions" etc. The desired outcome of EMDR therapy is that you no longer believe these things about yourself and the past no longer bothers you.
I work best with clients who have difficult past experiences. I utilize EMDR (trauma therapy that involves bilateral stimuli) to assist clients in processing through traumatic events in their lives. Trauma is any experience in the past that has changed the way you see yourself and the world around you producing negative beliefs such as: "I'm not good enough", "I'm worthless", "It's not okay to feel/show my emotions" etc. The desired outcome of EMDR therapy is that you no longer believe these things about yourself and the past no longer bothers you.
(602) 833-2106 View (602) 833-2106
Photo of Yvette F Maez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Yvette F Maez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85308
AHCCCS ACCEPTED - Are you trying to deal with depression, trauma, or other life altering mental health issues alone? Take the first step and call me for help. Therapy can help you heal from trauma, develop coping skills, find meaning in your life, and become self-accepting. The therapy relationship provides a safe and nonjudgmental environment for personal exploration, problem solving, insight, and growth. Through this relationship you can find peace with your current or past situation.
AHCCCS ACCEPTED - Are you trying to deal with depression, trauma, or other life altering mental health issues alone? Take the first step and call me for help. Therapy can help you heal from trauma, develop coping skills, find meaning in your life, and become self-accepting. The therapy relationship provides a safe and nonjudgmental environment for personal exploration, problem solving, insight, and growth. Through this relationship you can find peace with your current or past situation.
(928) 237-5006 View (928) 237-5006
Photo of Jessica O'Hair (Fiorino), Licensed Professional Counselor in Glendale, AZ
Jessica O'Hair (Fiorino)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85308  (Online Only)
Every individual person experience life in different way. The way we are raised, the way we are taught how to behave, and how we experience it. This is what makes every one of us unique. My focus as your therapist is to help you with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem trauma history, abuse/neglect, interpersonal effectiveness, and parenting/relationship issues. In a session with me we will work together to learn new and healthy ways of coping, identify and express emotions both past and current, and continue to make steps forward for a future worth living.
Every individual person experience life in different way. The way we are raised, the way we are taught how to behave, and how we experience it. This is what makes every one of us unique. My focus as your therapist is to help you with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem trauma history, abuse/neglect, interpersonal effectiveness, and parenting/relationship issues. In a session with me we will work together to learn new and healthy ways of coping, identify and express emotions both past and current, and continue to make steps forward for a future worth living.
(602) 883-2245 View (602) 883-2245
Photo of Positive Vibes Life Coaching and Hypnotherapy in Glendale, AZ
Positive Vibes Life Coaching and Hypnotherapy
LMSW, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Glendale, AZ 85308
I am a coach and owner of Positive Vibes Life Coaching and Hypnotherapy. I am dedicated to helping individuals facilitate personal growth, development and relationships. I assist in changing the cycles of limiting self beliefs to live a more fulfilling life.
I am a coach and owner of Positive Vibes Life Coaching and Hypnotherapy. I am dedicated to helping individuals facilitate personal growth, development and relationships. I assist in changing the cycles of limiting self beliefs to live a more fulfilling life.
(623) 232-0830 View (623) 232-0830
Photo of Choose Health and Happiness Counseling, Psychologist in Glendale, AZ
Choose Health and Happiness Counseling
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Glendale, AZ 85302
We provide evaluations and counseling for diverse individuals and various concerns. We can help with more common issues, such as depression and anxiety. We specialize in working with teenagers. We also specialize in substance use issues and maladaptive sexual behaviors. We are located in Glendale, but are currently providing tele-health services for all of Arizona. We also have in-office and in-home appointments available. Please give us a call at 602-753-8040 or visit our website at www.choosehealthaz.com
We provide evaluations and counseling for diverse individuals and various concerns. We can help with more common issues, such as depression and anxiety. We specialize in working with teenagers. We also specialize in substance use issues and maladaptive sexual behaviors. We are located in Glendale, but are currently providing tele-health services for all of Arizona. We also have in-office and in-home appointments available. Please give us a call at 602-753-8040 or visit our website at www.choosehealthaz.com
(602) 753-8040 View (602) 753-8040

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Glendale, AZ

300+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Glendale, AZ who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
72% Relationship Issues
72% Coping Skills
70% Stress

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
78% BlueCross and BlueShield
71% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Glendale, AZ see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Glendale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.