Therapists in Rapid City, SD

Photo of Dr. Cassandra Leow, Marriage & Family Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Dr. Cassandra Leow
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LIMHP, LMFT, CMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Rapid City, SD 57701
Mental illness does not discriminate; everyone can struggle with challenges that are unique to them, such as anxiety, depression, relationship issues and many more. It takes a lot of courage to seek therapy; it involves facing our shortcomings and accepting that we need help. It is a journey of self-discovery and growth, and it is an opportunity to learn more about ourselves and grow to be the person we were always made to be. This journey is a vulnerable journey, and therapy can serve as a safe space and supportive environment to help you reach your goals and lead fulfilling lives.
Mental illness does not discriminate; everyone can struggle with challenges that are unique to them, such as anxiety, depression, relationship issues and many more. It takes a lot of courage to seek therapy; it involves facing our shortcomings and accepting that we need help. It is a journey of self-discovery and growth, and it is an opportunity to learn more about ourselves and grow to be the person we were always made to be. This journey is a vulnerable journey, and therapy can serve as a safe space and supportive environment to help you reach your goals and lead fulfilling lives.
(402) 937-1767 View (402) 937-1767
Photo of Bailey Metzger, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Bailey Metzger
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, RPT, QMHP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
Waitlist for new clients
Seeking support for yourself or a child can feel challenging. My hope is to assist you in navigating this process. When working with clients, I draw from a client-centered approach and utilize skills and techniques that best fit each client and their needs. I believe each client is the expert of their life and I strive to provide a supportive and accepting space we can explore change.
Seeking support for yourself or a child can feel challenging. My hope is to assist you in navigating this process. When working with clients, I draw from a client-centered approach and utilize skills and techniques that best fit each client and their needs. I believe each client is the expert of their life and I strive to provide a supportive and accepting space we can explore change.
(605) 453-4463 View (605) 453-4463
Photo of Understood Therapy by Nicole Weron, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Understood Therapy by Nicole Weron
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCSC, NCC, RPT
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57702
Ever feel like you can’t shake your case of feeling like you are not good enough? This persistent feeling comes from trying to be someone you’re not. Constantly striving to be perfect or to fit into everyone else’s expectations depletes you. When you come to therapy, you get to drop the pretensions. You get to be vulnerable and explore the fears and tough feelings that you worry you can’t reveal to the people you love. As you get more comfortable talking, playing, and creating with me about your real wants and needs, you will build the skills that will enable you to show your true self to your family, friends, and colleagues.
Ever feel like you can’t shake your case of feeling like you are not good enough? This persistent feeling comes from trying to be someone you’re not. Constantly striving to be perfect or to fit into everyone else’s expectations depletes you. When you come to therapy, you get to drop the pretensions. You get to be vulnerable and explore the fears and tough feelings that you worry you can’t reveal to the people you love. As you get more comfortable talking, playing, and creating with me about your real wants and needs, you will build the skills that will enable you to show your true self to your family, friends, and colleagues.
(605) 303-6608 View (605) 303-6608
Photo of Koral Olson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Koral Olson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, NCC, CBIS
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57702  (Online Only)
I provide counseling services to individuals ages 18 and older in a compassionate, confidential, nonjudgmental setting. I use an eclectic approach in sessions, typically applying strategies from SFBT, CBT, ACT, Existentialism, and Person-Centered Theory in my work with clients. Focused areas of service include: depression; anxiety; ADHD; emotional adjustment to living with a brain injury; compassion fatigue and burnout; navigating change and life transitions; grief and loss; self-esteem; wellness and self-care; women's issues; and stress management.
I provide counseling services to individuals ages 18 and older in a compassionate, confidential, nonjudgmental setting. I use an eclectic approach in sessions, typically applying strategies from SFBT, CBT, ACT, Existentialism, and Person-Centered Theory in my work with clients. Focused areas of service include: depression; anxiety; ADHD; emotional adjustment to living with a brain injury; compassion fatigue and burnout; navigating change and life transitions; grief and loss; self-esteem; wellness and self-care; women's issues; and stress management.
(605) 519-2874 View (605) 519-2874
Photo of Sarah Monich Granelli, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Sarah Monich Granelli
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PIP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
The kindest thing we can do for ourselves is to face life's challenges with honesty and bravery. But doing so can be painful, and often requires support from others. Therapy offers a unique opportunity to help differentiate what we can and cannot change, and to guide us toward self-affirming, healthy choices without judgment or pressure.
The kindest thing we can do for ourselves is to face life's challenges with honesty and bravery. But doing so can be painful, and often requires support from others. Therapy offers a unique opportunity to help differentiate what we can and cannot change, and to guide us toward self-affirming, healthy choices without judgment or pressure.
(406) 341-2515 View (406) 341-2515
Photo of Red Horse Healing , Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Red Horse Healing
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-MH
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57703
As we engage in equine therapy we witness the incredible bond between horses and humans, crating a safe and transformative space for growth and healing. The wisdom and intuitive nature of horses guide us on a journey of self -discovery, resilience, and emotional well being. Whether it is building trust, finding peace, or developing valuable life skills equine therapy offers a unique and profound path towards growth.
As we engage in equine therapy we witness the incredible bond between horses and humans, crating a safe and transformative space for growth and healing. The wisdom and intuitive nature of horses guide us on a journey of self -discovery, resilience, and emotional well being. Whether it is building trust, finding peace, or developing valuable life skills equine therapy offers a unique and profound path towards growth.
(605) 220-5413 View (605) 220-5413
Photo of Southwest Evaluations & Counseling , Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Southwest Evaluations & Counseling
Counselor, LCPC, LAC, LPC-MH
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701  (Online Only)
Waitlist until July 1, 2024. Do you struggle with anxiety from family or romantic relationships? Do you feel alone in your suffer with chronic pain or illness? Therapy can help! Specialty areas: addiction/substance abuse (dual diagnosis/co-occurring), ADHD, anxiety, “codependency”, chronic pain/illness, depression, eating disorders, stress related to work- including farming/ranching, and mental health & chemical dependency evaluations. LCPC, LAC (Montana: Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Licensed Addiction Counselor) & LPC-MH (South Dakota: Licensed Professional Counselor - Mental Health designation). Telehealth only.
Waitlist until July 1, 2024. Do you struggle with anxiety from family or romantic relationships? Do you feel alone in your suffer with chronic pain or illness? Therapy can help! Specialty areas: addiction/substance abuse (dual diagnosis/co-occurring), ADHD, anxiety, “codependency”, chronic pain/illness, depression, eating disorders, stress related to work- including farming/ranching, and mental health & chemical dependency evaluations. LCPC, LAC (Montana: Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, Licensed Addiction Counselor) & LPC-MH (South Dakota: Licensed Professional Counselor - Mental Health designation). Telehealth only.
(605) 450-7645 View (605) 450-7645
Photo of Jean M Hoem, LPC-MH, QMHP, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Jean M Hoem, LPC-MH, QMHP
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-MH, QMHP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
I think of therapy as a compassionate collaboration. Clients and I form a partnership in which we work together to not only change behavior, but to understand why we continue to make the same mistakes. We also develop a "roadmap" to avoid future problems by learning to spot "red flags" that may trigger old behaviors. Learning new coping skills and strengthening old ones are an intregal part of this process.
I think of therapy as a compassionate collaboration. Clients and I form a partnership in which we work together to not only change behavior, but to understand why we continue to make the same mistakes. We also develop a "roadmap" to avoid future problems by learning to spot "red flags" that may trigger old behaviors. Learning new coping skills and strengthening old ones are an intregal part of this process.
(605) 309-7083 View (605) 309-7083
Photo of Janet K. Kuske, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Janet K. Kuske
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-MH, QMHP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
For the past 25 years, I have provided counseling services to my clients in various settings, including residential treatment, the clinic setting, in-home setting, and the school system. While I enjoy working with all ages and stages of individuals, I have a passion for and a great deal of experience in working with children, adolescents, and their families. I am a person who is easy to get to know and get along with, and partner with my clients as a team to face and manage life’s difficulties and emotional and behavioral challenges. I also work with other entities involved in a client’s life to ensure their best treatment.
For the past 25 years, I have provided counseling services to my clients in various settings, including residential treatment, the clinic setting, in-home setting, and the school system. While I enjoy working with all ages and stages of individuals, I have a passion for and a great deal of experience in working with children, adolescents, and their families. I am a person who is easy to get to know and get along with, and partner with my clients as a team to face and manage life’s difficulties and emotional and behavioral challenges. I also work with other entities involved in a client’s life to ensure their best treatment.
(605) 646-4502 View (605) 646-4502
Photo of Jessica Hubner, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Jessica Hubner
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
Do you feel like the challenges you face in life are making you (and your loved ones) out to be crazy, a burden or a problem? I aim to carve out a comfortable healing space for people who are faced with problems that may be tricky to unravel, obstinate to change or that simply need a place to be aired-out and heard. I am interested in meeting people who may struggle to find a good fit with other counselors or people who are new to therapy and looking for a comfortable, personal and respectful relationship.
Do you feel like the challenges you face in life are making you (and your loved ones) out to be crazy, a burden or a problem? I aim to carve out a comfortable healing space for people who are faced with problems that may be tricky to unravel, obstinate to change or that simply need a place to be aired-out and heard. I am interested in meeting people who may struggle to find a good fit with other counselors or people who are new to therapy and looking for a comfortable, personal and respectful relationship.
(605) 646-4409 View (605) 646-4409
Photo of Emily Holle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Emily Holle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rapid City, SD 57701
Waitlist for new clients
In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity- Albert Einstein. Life isn't always easy, even the strongest individuals sometimes need a little help to work through the difficulties life throws at them.  Let me be there to help you navigate these moments. I use a client-centered approach to best fit each client's needs as you are the expert of your life. I strive to meet you where you are in your therapeutic journey, and work collaboratively to achieve your goals. When working with clients, I draw from Trauma-Focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused, Family Systems, and Strength Based therapeutic approaches.
In the middle of difficulty lies opportunity- Albert Einstein. Life isn't always easy, even the strongest individuals sometimes need a little help to work through the difficulties life throws at them.  Let me be there to help you navigate these moments. I use a client-centered approach to best fit each client's needs as you are the expert of your life. I strive to meet you where you are in your therapeutic journey, and work collaboratively to achieve your goals. When working with clients, I draw from Trauma-Focused, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution-Focused, Family Systems, and Strength Based therapeutic approaches.
(605) 349-2916 View (605) 349-2916
Photo of Trevor Anderson, LPC Intern in Rapid City, SD
Trevor Anderson
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Rapid City, SD 57701
I work with adolescents, adults, and couples who are facing painful impasses in their lives. When we encounter overwhelming problems that seem irresolvable, we may feel that life as we know it is over. And in fact, it is. The feeling that our life has become unlivable is a sign that we are ready to transcend our current way of living and pursue a richer one, marked by greater authenticity and love. This sort of self-transcendence is a possibility for anyone willing to listen to the call, including those who have an interest in practicing therapy in continuity with their religious faith.
I work with adolescents, adults, and couples who are facing painful impasses in their lives. When we encounter overwhelming problems that seem irresolvable, we may feel that life as we know it is over. And in fact, it is. The feeling that our life has become unlivable is a sign that we are ready to transcend our current way of living and pursue a richer one, marked by greater authenticity and love. This sort of self-transcendence is a possibility for anyone willing to listen to the call, including those who have an interest in practicing therapy in continuity with their religious faith.
(605) 674-7596 View (605) 674-7596
Photo of Elizabeth K Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Elizabeth K Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAC, LPC
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
I am a licensed professional counselor with over 14 years of experience. That being said, I've learned there is always room for growth and change. I offer acceptance of whatever you bring to talk about with a non biased perspective and no judgments or criticism. My life experiences have taught me empathy and compassion as well as keeping boundaries and being a little 'tough skinned'. I enjoy working with someone who is open and honest. It's great if I can challenge your thinking and /or perspective on your life, situations and experiences. We all experience hard days and difficult situations - I'm here to help.
I am a licensed professional counselor with over 14 years of experience. That being said, I've learned there is always room for growth and change. I offer acceptance of whatever you bring to talk about with a non biased perspective and no judgments or criticism. My life experiences have taught me empathy and compassion as well as keeping boundaries and being a little 'tough skinned'. I enjoy working with someone who is open and honest. It's great if I can challenge your thinking and /or perspective on your life, situations and experiences. We all experience hard days and difficult situations - I'm here to help.
(605) 501-5642 View (605) 501-5642
Photo of Crossroads Counseling Services, Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Crossroads Counseling Services
Counselor, EdS, LPC-MH, NCC, QMHP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
Not accepting new clients
Life is full of changes and decisions. When those become critical, you can find yourself at a crossroads, unsure of what to do or where to go. As a licensed mental health counselor, I can assist you in sorting through all the issues. Together we will explore all your life changes and conflicts and devise a treatment plan that addresses your needs and wants.
Life is full of changes and decisions. When those become critical, you can find yourself at a crossroads, unsure of what to do or where to go. As a licensed mental health counselor, I can assist you in sorting through all the issues. Together we will explore all your life changes and conflicts and devise a treatment plan that addresses your needs and wants.
(605) 593-5190 View (605) 593-5190
Photo of Natalie Lecy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Natalie Lecy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, CSW-PIP, LCSW, QMHP
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57702
I provide therapy for individuals who are looking for a safe space and unconditional support. I provide support for people experiencing a range of issues including anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, LGBTQ specific struggles, trauma, life transitions, stress management, and relationship issues.
I provide therapy for individuals who are looking for a safe space and unconditional support. I provide support for people experiencing a range of issues including anxiety, depression, postpartum depression, LGBTQ specific struggles, trauma, life transitions, stress management, and relationship issues.
(605) 250-7186 View (605) 250-7186
Photo of Isaacs Behavioral Health LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Isaacs Behavioral Health LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP, LAC, QMHP, MEd, MSW
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57702
I help clients recognize their strengths, regain confidence, find their voice again, create competency and reconstruct their inner map of the world. Trauma, (PTSD), Depression and Anxiety are tied together. They affect an individual's moods, thoughts, ability to change, pattern of thinking, coping mechanisms, fears, safety, calm, self-esteem, and confidence. I help my clients, "help themselves," by using a blend of modalities, healthy models, and professional experience, to untangle and compartmentalize their issues. My clients have an opportunity to learn proven, healthy coping mechanisms and healthy behaviors to self-regulate,
I help clients recognize their strengths, regain confidence, find their voice again, create competency and reconstruct their inner map of the world. Trauma, (PTSD), Depression and Anxiety are tied together. They affect an individual's moods, thoughts, ability to change, pattern of thinking, coping mechanisms, fears, safety, calm, self-esteem, and confidence. I help my clients, "help themselves," by using a blend of modalities, healthy models, and professional experience, to untangle and compartmentalize their issues. My clients have an opportunity to learn proven, healthy coping mechanisms and healthy behaviors to self-regulate,
(605) 250-2060 View (605) 250-2060
Photo of Katie Schwenk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rapid City, SD
Katie Schwenk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CSW-PIP, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
I recently moved to Rapid City, SD from New York State and have reopened my practice. I prefer to see clients in person and an looking forward to being able to help the community. I have been a practicing therapist for almost 20 years. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who struggle with suicidal ideation, self-harming behaviors, emotional disregulation, confusion about self, anxiety and stress. I am here to help clients reduce emotional and behavioral problems to begin to reach their goals and find their life worth living.
I recently moved to Rapid City, SD from New York State and have reopened my practice. I prefer to see clients in person and an looking forward to being able to help the community. I have been a practicing therapist for almost 20 years. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who struggle with suicidal ideation, self-harming behaviors, emotional disregulation, confusion about self, anxiety and stress. I am here to help clients reduce emotional and behavioral problems to begin to reach their goals and find their life worth living.
(605) 453-5224 View (605) 453-5224
Photo of Ali Anderson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rapid City, SD
Ali Anderson
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57702
I am a pre-licensed counselor, working under supervision, accepting clients starting January 1, 2024. I take a client-centered approach to counseling, emphasizing your strengths and building on them. I am passionate about working with individuals who are undergoing life transitions, wanting to improve relationships and communication patterns, coping with trauma and loss, struggling with substance use issues, and those managing long-term mental health conditions. I will create a safe space to foster honesty, healing, and self-discovery.
I am a pre-licensed counselor, working under supervision, accepting clients starting January 1, 2024. I take a client-centered approach to counseling, emphasizing your strengths and building on them. I am passionate about working with individuals who are undergoing life transitions, wanting to improve relationships and communication patterns, coping with trauma and loss, struggling with substance use issues, and those managing long-term mental health conditions. I will create a safe space to foster honesty, healing, and self-discovery.
(605) 307-5839 View (605) 307-5839
Photo of Brianna Jakubiak, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Brianna Jakubiak
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
Hello! My name is Brianna Jakubiak, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Dakota. I work to help people better understand themselves and how to create the life they want. I think it is an honor to get to hear an individual's story and be a part of it. My theoretical approach differs slightly depending on who I am working with, but I pull primarily from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I work to help people gain awareness of their own patterns in order to start the process of changing those thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
Hello! My name is Brianna Jakubiak, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor in South Dakota. I work to help people better understand themselves and how to create the life they want. I think it is an honor to get to hear an individual's story and be a part of it. My theoretical approach differs slightly depending on who I am working with, but I pull primarily from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. I work to help people gain awareness of their own patterns in order to start the process of changing those thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.
(605) 307-5469 View (605) 307-5469
Photo of Julie Maas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rapid City, SD
Julie Maas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Rapid City, SD 57701
Not accepting new clients
I enjoy getting to know my clients and learning about their lives. It is my goal to help people discover the best parts of themselves and tap into their strengths.
I enjoy getting to know my clients and learning about their lives. It is my goal to help people discover the best parts of themselves and tap into their strengths.
(605) 385-0459 View (605) 385-0459

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Rapid City, SD

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Rapid City, SD who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
91% Depression
78% Self Esteem
77% Stress
74% Coping Skills
73% Relationship Issues
71% Grief

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% BlueCross and BlueShield
66% Wellmark BCBS
59% Avera Health Plans

How Therapists in Rapid City, SD see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Rapid City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.