Therapists in Kansas City, MO

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Photo of Jennifer Schollars, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Jennifer Schollars
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64131
Welcome! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) currently accepting adults for individual therapy. I strongly believe in the human capacity for growth and healing. Utilizing a warm, collaborative approach, I strive to provide a welcoming and supportive space for you to explore past experiences, address current stressors, and work toward goals for your future.
Welcome! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) currently accepting adults for individual therapy. I strongly believe in the human capacity for growth and healing. Utilizing a warm, collaborative approach, I strive to provide a welcoming and supportive space for you to explore past experiences, address current stressors, and work toward goals for your future.
(816) 675-4805 View (816) 675-4805
Photo of Johanna Kelley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Johanna Kelley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSCSW
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64114
Do memories of traumatic events keep you from experiencing life to the fullest? Have your experiences been minimized or invalidated? Do you find yourself stuck in shame and loneliness, desperately trying to find someone who will listen? Your experiences are not too small, and I would be honored to be a part of your healing journey. You are worthy of finding peace. My primary treatment approach is EMDR, a highly-effective, evidence-based treatment for trauma. As a strengths-based therapist, my goal is to guide clients into recognizing their own abilities to cope with difficult experiences. I work with ages 9 and up.
Do memories of traumatic events keep you from experiencing life to the fullest? Have your experiences been minimized or invalidated? Do you find yourself stuck in shame and loneliness, desperately trying to find someone who will listen? Your experiences are not too small, and I would be honored to be a part of your healing journey. You are worthy of finding peace. My primary treatment approach is EMDR, a highly-effective, evidence-based treatment for trauma. As a strengths-based therapist, my goal is to guide clients into recognizing their own abilities to cope with difficult experiences. I work with ages 9 and up.
(816) 542-6662 View (816) 542-6662
Photo of Tiffany Radcliff, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Tiffany Radcliff
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64111  (Online Only)
I am Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri and Kansas. I describe myself as empathetic, warm, and calm and I enjoy developing a connection and a collaborative relationship with clients to help them understand the impact of anxiety, stress, and depression while also helping them learn and develop skills to manage their emotions and develop effective problem-solving skills that reinforce personal growth and improve overall mental and physical health.
I am Licensed Professional Counselor in Missouri and Kansas. I describe myself as empathetic, warm, and calm and I enjoy developing a connection and a collaborative relationship with clients to help them understand the impact of anxiety, stress, and depression while also helping them learn and develop skills to manage their emotions and develop effective problem-solving skills that reinforce personal growth and improve overall mental and physical health.
(816) 312-4653 x21 View (816) 312-4653 x21
Photo of Christopher Carlin, Psychologist in Kansas City, MO
Christopher Carlin
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64111
I provide psychological assessment and psychotherapy services. Though I understand the value of "diagnosing" a person's particular problem, I'm definitely against labeling a person as such. A person's difficulties--you name it: anxiety, trauma, depression--is what it means in part to be human. Everyone has some type of challenge, to various degrees (and certainly, some more than others). What a client requires, in many cases, is adequate resolution about negative things that has happened to him or her in life. Also, clients often need new skills in dealing with life's current and future expected challenges.
I provide psychological assessment and psychotherapy services. Though I understand the value of "diagnosing" a person's particular problem, I'm definitely against labeling a person as such. A person's difficulties--you name it: anxiety, trauma, depression--is what it means in part to be human. Everyone has some type of challenge, to various degrees (and certainly, some more than others). What a client requires, in many cases, is adequate resolution about negative things that has happened to him or her in life. Also, clients often need new skills in dealing with life's current and future expected challenges.
(417) 719-1142 View (417) 719-1142
Photo of Elana Jedlicka, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Elana Jedlicka
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64152
I dedicate my time to finding ways to help individuals, couples, and families grow. Through my non-confrontational, straight-forward approach I seek to help you and your loved ones identify personal strengths, achieve goals, have improved relationships and effective communication patterns. With all clients I strive to help you have "ah-ha" moments of clarity while dealing with current feelings of frustration in life. Within couples and families I aim to help you understand each other's needs; emotionally, physically, and spiritually. It is my goal to work with you and your loved ones to find solutions that fit your needs.
I dedicate my time to finding ways to help individuals, couples, and families grow. Through my non-confrontational, straight-forward approach I seek to help you and your loved ones identify personal strengths, achieve goals, have improved relationships and effective communication patterns. With all clients I strive to help you have "ah-ha" moments of clarity while dealing with current feelings of frustration in life. Within couples and families I aim to help you understand each other's needs; emotionally, physically, and spiritually. It is my goal to work with you and your loved ones to find solutions that fit your needs.
(816) 865-5936 View (816) 865-5936
Photo of Raelyn Marie Koop, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Raelyn Marie Koop
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64111
Life will become complicated for all during some season. No one is exempt from that reality. The good news is that we do not have to navigate it alone and without guidance. Quality counseling is able to not only address current pain but identify the underlying causes that lead to our symptoms and "stuck" spots.
Life will become complicated for all during some season. No one is exempt from that reality. The good news is that we do not have to navigate it alone and without guidance. Quality counseling is able to not only address current pain but identify the underlying causes that lead to our symptoms and "stuck" spots.
(913) 667-2057 View (913) 667-2057
Photo of Tim Mathia, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Tim Mathia
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64152
Tim Mathia, a mental health professional with 33 years of experience, guides individuals and families towards purpose. Recognizing the courage in seeking help, I support your path to holistic wellness. Change is within reach, and I facilitate a reduction in anxiety and stress, and promote harmonious relationships. As a supervisor to PLPCs, I specialize in anxiety and trauma-based disorders, with training in Play Therapy, EMDR, CBT, and Family Systems. Connect today for a transformative journey.
Tim Mathia, a mental health professional with 33 years of experience, guides individuals and families towards purpose. Recognizing the courage in seeking help, I support your path to holistic wellness. Change is within reach, and I facilitate a reduction in anxiety and stress, and promote harmonious relationships. As a supervisor to PLPCs, I specialize in anxiety and trauma-based disorders, with training in Play Therapy, EMDR, CBT, and Family Systems. Connect today for a transformative journey.
(816) 290-6196 View (816) 290-6196
Photo of Stan Archie, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Stan Archie
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, MA, LPC, SATP-C, ThD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64114
As a therapist and supervisor, Stan works through an Attachment Theory lens. He values working with a treatment team, and utilizes a multidisciplinary approach, highly valuing each individual for his/her own uniqueness. He believes in a holistic approach to counseling through exploration of psychological, emotional, spiritual, and relational aspects of one's life. Therapy modalities that will be utilized in treatment include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family Systems, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy and Attachment Theory. He considers it a privilege to walk alongside individuals while through the healing process while reaching their goals.
As a therapist and supervisor, Stan works through an Attachment Theory lens. He values working with a treatment team, and utilizes a multidisciplinary approach, highly valuing each individual for his/her own uniqueness. He believes in a holistic approach to counseling through exploration of psychological, emotional, spiritual, and relational aspects of one's life. Therapy modalities that will be utilized in treatment include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Family Systems, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy and Attachment Theory. He considers it a privilege to walk alongside individuals while through the healing process while reaching their goals.
(913) 747-4132 View (913) 747-4132
Photo of Anna Stelmach, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Anna Stelmach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64111
I believe everyone is an expert in one's own life. My intention, as a therapist, is to offer connection, support, and a safe environment. I collaborate with clients to explore their experience and deepen their awareness in order to have a greater understanding of themselves, as well as a way to alleviate issues.
I believe everyone is an expert in one's own life. My intention, as a therapist, is to offer connection, support, and a safe environment. I collaborate with clients to explore their experience and deepen their awareness in order to have a greater understanding of themselves, as well as a way to alleviate issues.
(816) 203-3752 View (816) 203-3752
Photo of Elizabeth Laughlin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Elizabeth Laughlin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64108
As we set sail on the journey of life, you may encounter some confusing and traumatic moments. Throughout the journey, you may experience calm and smooth sailing or you may come across harsh and fierce storms. I am here to guide you through the "storm" with family systemic therapy, a symbolic-experiential approach, and EMDR therapy. Throughout our therapy journey, we will build a therapeutic relationship based on authenticity, trust, and humor, when appropriate. Whether you are looking for support with anxiety, depression, boundaries, relationship dynamics, or grief, I am here to sail with you through your journey.
As we set sail on the journey of life, you may encounter some confusing and traumatic moments. Throughout the journey, you may experience calm and smooth sailing or you may come across harsh and fierce storms. I am here to guide you through the "storm" with family systemic therapy, a symbolic-experiential approach, and EMDR therapy. Throughout our therapy journey, we will build a therapeutic relationship based on authenticity, trust, and humor, when appropriate. Whether you are looking for support with anxiety, depression, boundaries, relationship dynamics, or grief, I am here to sail with you through your journey.
(816) 239-2263 x100 View (816) 239-2263 x100
Photo of Dr. Nadin R Rizk , Psychologist in Kansas City, MO
Dr. Nadin R Rizk [Autism Testing Adhd Testing]
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64110
Dr. Nadin Rizk specializes in conducting psychological evaluations with adults, adolescents, children, and toddlers who are exhibiting signs of Autism using the gold standard for diagnosing Autism, the ADOS-2.
Dr. Nadin Rizk specializes in conducting psychological evaluations with adults, adolescents, children, and toddlers who are exhibiting signs of Autism using the gold standard for diagnosing Autism, the ADOS-2.
(816) 693-6726 View (816) 693-6726
Photo of Thomas Michael Humphrey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Thomas Michael Humphrey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64131
There are few joys greater than interpersonal freedom. Living unabashedly and authentically as you deserve and desire. This is our true heritage as humans. When we are barraged daily to find this freedom externally by our culture, (perhaps friends and family) and then osmotically transfer it inward we are left deeply lacking. It never works. The cost of freedom and to a higher level of awareness about ourselves is called work. W-O-R-K! The digging deep kind of work. Working to let go of anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, or whatever repeatedly binds us to a negative narrative from the past that no longer serves the present.
There are few joys greater than interpersonal freedom. Living unabashedly and authentically as you deserve and desire. This is our true heritage as humans. When we are barraged daily to find this freedom externally by our culture, (perhaps friends and family) and then osmotically transfer it inward we are left deeply lacking. It never works. The cost of freedom and to a higher level of awareness about ourselves is called work. W-O-R-K! The digging deep kind of work. Working to let go of anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, or whatever repeatedly binds us to a negative narrative from the past that no longer serves the present.
(816) 323-4697 View (816) 323-4697
Photo of Olayinka (Yinka) Perry, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Olayinka (Yinka) Perry
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64131
Life happens when you live it. Are you living your life, or going through the motions? Life is meant to be enjoyed to its fullest, since you only get one. You should be the driver of your life and not the passenger along for a ride. A change of perspective is usually what is needed.
Life happens when you live it. Are you living your life, or going through the motions? Life is meant to be enjoyed to its fullest, since you only get one. You should be the driver of your life and not the passenger along for a ride. A change of perspective is usually what is needed.
(816) 339-4297 View (816) 339-4297
Photo of Liz Armstrong, Pre-Licensed Professional in Kansas City, MO
Liz Armstrong
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, PLPC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64110
Beginning with a warm & safe therapeutic relationship is essential to wading through the complexities that will arise from the great work that is participating in counseling. I believe in your expertise, that you possess an inner voice that is specific to you. Through counseling, I hope to help you develop the confidence to find, listen to & trust in your truth, moving through life more authentically, all the while accepting and finding meaning in life’s challenges. Whether you need a soul to sit with you in your pain or someone to walk with you as you explore your life, I will be grateful to serve you & witness your truth.
Beginning with a warm & safe therapeutic relationship is essential to wading through the complexities that will arise from the great work that is participating in counseling. I believe in your expertise, that you possess an inner voice that is specific to you. Through counseling, I hope to help you develop the confidence to find, listen to & trust in your truth, moving through life more authentically, all the while accepting and finding meaning in life’s challenges. Whether you need a soul to sit with you in your pain or someone to walk with you as you explore your life, I will be grateful to serve you & witness your truth.
(816) 355-5946 View (816) 355-5946
Photo of Elliott Ashton Seymour, Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Elliott Ashton Seymour
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64110
My clients are real people with real issues like anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship problems, grief, unbearable family interactions, annoying co-workers, news fatigue, social media burnout, FOMO, emotional overwhelm, issues related to sexual orientation, and much much more. My clients want to talk and be heard by someone that is not going to judge them. Someone who will listen with compassion and interest. I offer in-person sessions in the Kansas City area and I offer telehealth services in Missouri, Florida AND Colorado!
My clients are real people with real issues like anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, relationship problems, grief, unbearable family interactions, annoying co-workers, news fatigue, social media burnout, FOMO, emotional overwhelm, issues related to sexual orientation, and much much more. My clients want to talk and be heard by someone that is not going to judge them. Someone who will listen with compassion and interest. I offer in-person sessions in the Kansas City area and I offer telehealth services in Missouri, Florida AND Colorado!
(816) 551-2485 View (816) 551-2485
Photo of Kaitlyn Rusca, Pre-Licensed Professional in Kansas City, MO
Kaitlyn Rusca
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, S-MFT
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64102
Perhaps you - or you and your partner - are standing on a threshold, a doorway between the life you have known and the life ahead of you. You may feel disconnected from yourself, from what used to give your life meaning, from that spark that used to enliven your relationship. You are walking in the dark, overwhelmed by the unknown, maybe feeling depressed or anxious, or both. I am here to sit with you in that scary, and sometimes exciting space, to help you be attentive to your deepest needs, fears, and longings, to communicate clearly and gently, and to uncover the deep well of wisdom and love that lies within and between you.
Perhaps you - or you and your partner - are standing on a threshold, a doorway between the life you have known and the life ahead of you. You may feel disconnected from yourself, from what used to give your life meaning, from that spark that used to enliven your relationship. You are walking in the dark, overwhelmed by the unknown, maybe feeling depressed or anxious, or both. I am here to sit with you in that scary, and sometimes exciting space, to help you be attentive to your deepest needs, fears, and longings, to communicate clearly and gently, and to uncover the deep well of wisdom and love that lies within and between you.
(816) 209-1937 View (816) 209-1937
Photo of Mimi Steinhaus, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Mimi Steinhaus
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64114
People often feel stuck, unhappy, and dissatisfied with the direction of life, career path, or relationships. Would you like to see changes in your life, but don't know where to start? I want to help you and may have shared some of the same feelings myself. I have experienced the challenges of being a non-traditional student and have started a new career later in life - increasing my understanding of ways to approach life transitions. Whether your challenges are related to career, relationships, or to your general well-being, we can work together to create the changes you want.
People often feel stuck, unhappy, and dissatisfied with the direction of life, career path, or relationships. Would you like to see changes in your life, but don't know where to start? I want to help you and may have shared some of the same feelings myself. I have experienced the challenges of being a non-traditional student and have started a new career later in life - increasing my understanding of ways to approach life transitions. Whether your challenges are related to career, relationships, or to your general well-being, we can work together to create the changes you want.
(816) 892-5416 View (816) 892-5416
Photo of Anna Saviano, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Anna Saviano
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64110
Being in the world can be hard *and* I believe the universe is abundant. My work focuses on supporting individuals on their journey of healing, growth and actualization. I provide a safe and comfortable space to explore and process whatever past or current concerns are disconnecting you from your life path. My goal is to help young adults and adults resolve trauma and fully engage in the life you choose.
Being in the world can be hard *and* I believe the universe is abundant. My work focuses on supporting individuals on their journey of healing, growth and actualization. I provide a safe and comfortable space to explore and process whatever past or current concerns are disconnecting you from your life path. My goal is to help young adults and adults resolve trauma and fully engage in the life you choose.
(816) 463-8672 View (816) 463-8672
Photo of Sarah Dettmer, Licensed Professional Counselor in Kansas City, MO
Sarah Dettmer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, MS, LPC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Kansas City, MO 64110
Change is an inevitable part of life. Transitions are as natural as night and day. In nature we observe times when things move slowly without visable change - and then suddenly acceleration occurs followed by a transformation. I am a therapist/professional counselor who works with individuals ranging from childhood through late adulthood, couples, and families to assist them in finding personal growth, and work confidently through the natural transitions life brings. I recognize each client as unique and direct my counseling to the whole person; which attends to the body, mind, and spirit of each.
Change is an inevitable part of life. Transitions are as natural as night and day. In nature we observe times when things move slowly without visable change - and then suddenly acceleration occurs followed by a transformation. I am a therapist/professional counselor who works with individuals ranging from childhood through late adulthood, couples, and families to assist them in finding personal growth, and work confidently through the natural transitions life brings. I recognize each client as unique and direct my counseling to the whole person; which attends to the body, mind, and spirit of each.
(913) 667-7134 View (913) 667-7134
Photo of Kira Harkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Kansas City, MO
Kira Harkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSCSW, LCSW, PMH-C, EMDR-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Kansas City, MO 64131
Do you feel overwhelmed and stressed? For over a decade, I have specialized in helping clients with navigating transitions and cultivating hope.  My intention is to create an environment of compassion, connection, and healing, which allows you to grow and thrive. I have training and a passion for working with Perinatal Mood Disorders and specialize in EMDR for perinatal trauma. As an Approved Consultant, I also provide consultation to EMDR therapists completing foundational hours or seeking certification.
Do you feel overwhelmed and stressed? For over a decade, I have specialized in helping clients with navigating transitions and cultivating hope.  My intention is to create an environment of compassion, connection, and healing, which allows you to grow and thrive. I have training and a passion for working with Perinatal Mood Disorders and specialize in EMDR for perinatal trauma. As an Approved Consultant, I also provide consultation to EMDR therapists completing foundational hours or seeking certification.
(816) 227-6469 View (816) 227-6469

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Kansas City, MO

900+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Kansas City, MO who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Self Esteem
68% Coping Skills
68% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

65% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
59% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Kansas City, MO see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
23% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Kansas City?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.