Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--Oakland location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 862-1694 View (415) 862-1694
Photo of Alexis Lezin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Alexis Lezin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94619
In doing this search, you are already taking a big step toward feeling better. You remember a time when you felt more alive and connected and want to find your way there again. In our work together, you can understand and change long-standing behavior patterns and beliefs that have been keeping you back. Together, we will work to reconnect you with your strengths, vitality and sense of connectedness with yourself and others.
In doing this search, you are already taking a big step toward feeling better. You remember a time when you felt more alive and connected and want to find your way there again. In our work together, you can understand and change long-standing behavior patterns and beliefs that have been keeping you back. Together, we will work to reconnect you with your strengths, vitality and sense of connectedness with yourself and others.
(415) 944-4125 View (415) 944-4125
Photo of Andy Sussman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Andy Sussman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
It's a courageous step to seek help. Things aren't working and perhaps you are looking for a new way, new strategies and perspective. You need relief from this angst. The surprise here is that your pain, frustration or relationship conflict can also be an asset. I am not suggesting minimizing your emotional suffering nor the importance of us finding immediate relief. My experience is that in facing your difficulties we can move towards enduring change. How does change happen in therapy? In my work with clients we identify some of the stories you have been telling yourself.
It's a courageous step to seek help. Things aren't working and perhaps you are looking for a new way, new strategies and perspective. You need relief from this angst. The surprise here is that your pain, frustration or relationship conflict can also be an asset. I am not suggesting minimizing your emotional suffering nor the importance of us finding immediate relief. My experience is that in facing your difficulties we can move towards enduring change. How does change happen in therapy? In my work with clients we identify some of the stories you have been telling yourself.
(415) 969-2593 View (415) 969-2593
Photo of Krystal J Alderete, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Krystal J Alderete
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist specializing in child and adolescent development with over 15 years of experience working with children, teens and families. I have extensive training in child development and have been employed in outpatient and inpatient facilities, have served as the lead mental health clinician in multidisciplinary teams working with children struggling with feeding issues, and have run social skills groups in addition to providing individual and family treatment. I have a substantial amount of experience with teens suffering from anxiety and depression.
I am a licensed marriage and family therapist specializing in child and adolescent development with over 15 years of experience working with children, teens and families. I have extensive training in child development and have been employed in outpatient and inpatient facilities, have served as the lead mental health clinician in multidisciplinary teams working with children struggling with feeding issues, and have run social skills groups in addition to providing individual and family treatment. I have a substantial amount of experience with teens suffering from anxiety and depression.
(415) 969-6011 View (415) 969-6011
Photo of Rachel Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Rachel Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, C-IAYT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Do you tend to focus your energy on taking care of others? Are you often left feeling overwhelmed, unsupported, and disconnected from yourself? Do you often feel guilty or ashamed when you ask for what you need or want? As an empath or a highly sensitive person who has experienced trauma, it can be overwhelming when you don’t have the right tools to manage your emotions and the energy you pick up from others. You care deeply for others and want to find a way to care just as deeply for yourself. You want to build your capacity to have relationships where you allow yourself to receive as much as you give.
Do you tend to focus your energy on taking care of others? Are you often left feeling overwhelmed, unsupported, and disconnected from yourself? Do you often feel guilty or ashamed when you ask for what you need or want? As an empath or a highly sensitive person who has experienced trauma, it can be overwhelming when you don’t have the right tools to manage your emotions and the energy you pick up from others. You care deeply for others and want to find a way to care just as deeply for yourself. You want to build your capacity to have relationships where you allow yourself to receive as much as you give.
(415) 843-7395 View (415) 843-7395
Photo of Stephanie Pepitone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Stephanie Pepitone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94605
Reaching out for support may feel difficult but you are totally worth it. I can provide you with a place where you will be listened to with compassion and understanding. Through our work together I will bring gentle curiosity to the areas of your life you want to explore. This can look like nurturing any tender wounds, fostering belonging for abandoned parts of yourself, embracing acceptance for things you can't change, and building skills needed for constructing the life and relationships you desire.
Reaching out for support may feel difficult but you are totally worth it. I can provide you with a place where you will be listened to with compassion and understanding. Through our work together I will bring gentle curiosity to the areas of your life you want to explore. This can look like nurturing any tender wounds, fostering belonging for abandoned parts of yourself, embracing acceptance for things you can't change, and building skills needed for constructing the life and relationships you desire.
(341) 895-7197 View (341) 895-7197
Photo of Marcella Raimondo, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Marcella Raimondo
Psychologist, PhD, MPH
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Welcome to my practice.Are you struggling with eating issues, disordered eating and body image distress?I offer a holistic therapy approach to move past your struggles for a life of liberation, empowerment, and peace.Your eating issues and body experiences are holding a deep and nuanced story about you. My approach will help you unravel your story to uncover steps for powerful change. Eating disorders, eating problems and body experience issues are treatable. Change is liberating as well as challenging.And both liberation and feeling challenged can exist together in your healing journey.It is my goal to help you on this journey.
Welcome to my practice.Are you struggling with eating issues, disordered eating and body image distress?I offer a holistic therapy approach to move past your struggles for a life of liberation, empowerment, and peace.Your eating issues and body experiences are holding a deep and nuanced story about you. My approach will help you unravel your story to uncover steps for powerful change. Eating disorders, eating problems and body experience issues are treatable. Change is liberating as well as challenging.And both liberation and feeling challenged can exist together in your healing journey.It is my goal to help you on this journey.
(510) 694-1627 View (510) 694-1627
Photo of Steven Karwoski, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Oakland, CA
Steven Karwoski
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611  (Online Only)
I love helping people with all that life throws at us. Transitions such as moving to a new city, state or country or changing careers are not easy. Relationships, personal, family or work related often present struggles. As neurodivergent, I identify as jazz handsy, and enjoy working with the neurospicy. While teaching in the US and Europe I developed a high competency in providing psycho-education and psycho-social interventions. I am supervised by Natalie Webster MA. LMFT 126065, at Axis Mundi Center for Mental Health.
I love helping people with all that life throws at us. Transitions such as moving to a new city, state or country or changing careers are not easy. Relationships, personal, family or work related often present struggles. As neurodivergent, I identify as jazz handsy, and enjoy working with the neurospicy. While teaching in the US and Europe I developed a high competency in providing psycho-education and psycho-social interventions. I am supervised by Natalie Webster MA. LMFT 126065, at Axis Mundi Center for Mental Health.
(510) 726-0474 View (510) 726-0474
Photo of Duygu Balan Come As You Are Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Oakland, CA
Duygu Balan Come As You Are Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC, LMHC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Are you stuck somewhere? Did you hit a wall? Do you want to heal an old wound? Restore access to yourself? Cultivate a deeper understanding of the world around you? Explore repeating patterns? Break toxic cycles? Come as you are. Do you want to adjust to the changes in your life? Absorb a loss? Reassess your life goals? Overcome a challenge? Increase your self awareness? Be more present in the moment? Find your voice? Feel more empowered, more vibrant, more whole? Come as you are. I specialize in trauma, attachment wounding, adverse childhood experiences, dysfunctional narratives and toxic relationship cycles.
Are you stuck somewhere? Did you hit a wall? Do you want to heal an old wound? Restore access to yourself? Cultivate a deeper understanding of the world around you? Explore repeating patterns? Break toxic cycles? Come as you are. Do you want to adjust to the changes in your life? Absorb a loss? Reassess your life goals? Overcome a challenge? Increase your self awareness? Be more present in the moment? Find your voice? Feel more empowered, more vibrant, more whole? Come as you are. I specialize in trauma, attachment wounding, adverse childhood experiences, dysfunctional narratives and toxic relationship cycles.
(415) 539-2530 View (415) 539-2530
Photo of Cria Catherine Merchant, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cria Catherine Merchant
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602
I continue to be humbled by the bravery, vulnerability and courage it takes to enter into therapy. The very act of reaching out is one of resiliency and strength, particularly during times when you may be experiencing difficult transitions, questioning patterns in life that no longer serve you or your relationships, feelings of worry, sadness and overwhelm.
I continue to be humbled by the bravery, vulnerability and courage it takes to enter into therapy. The very act of reaching out is one of resiliency and strength, particularly during times when you may be experiencing difficult transitions, questioning patterns in life that no longer serve you or your relationships, feelings of worry, sadness and overwhelm.
(415) 212-9773 View (415) 212-9773
Photo of Denise L Jones-Kazan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Denise L Jones-Kazan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Not accepting new clients
I have been a therapist for 30 years. I provided psychotherapeutic services to adolescents, couples and families in a variety of clinical settings.For the past 18 years I was the lead clinician in an Intensive Day Treatment High School Program for adolescents in Special Education. Prior to that, I worked in a Women's Substance Abuse Agency.I am now in private practice and look forward to an opportunity to work with Adolescents, Adults, Couples and families where I can utilize my clinical expertise and work experience to help individuals achieve their goals.
I have been a therapist for 30 years. I provided psychotherapeutic services to adolescents, couples and families in a variety of clinical settings.For the past 18 years I was the lead clinician in an Intensive Day Treatment High School Program for adolescents in Special Education. Prior to that, I worked in a Women's Substance Abuse Agency.I am now in private practice and look forward to an opportunity to work with Adolescents, Adults, Couples and families where I can utilize my clinical expertise and work experience to help individuals achieve their goals.
(510) 379-7971 View (510) 379-7971
Photo of Marvin Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Marvin Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Not accepting new clients
Hello. Do you have concerns about feeling tired, overwhelmed, unmotivated,or anxious? Are you feeling concerned, stressed and worried about your lack of energy on a daily basis. First of all you are not alone. I am available to assist and address your concerns. As a psychotherapist with many years of experience, I see myself as an interactive therapist and I provide support and practical feedback to my clients.
Hello. Do you have concerns about feeling tired, overwhelmed, unmotivated,or anxious? Are you feeling concerned, stressed and worried about your lack of energy on a daily basis. First of all you are not alone. I am available to assist and address your concerns. As a psychotherapist with many years of experience, I see myself as an interactive therapist and I provide support and practical feedback to my clients.
(510) 692-9674 View (510) 692-9674
Photo of Paul T Guillory, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Paul T Guillory
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
My work has focused on repairing relationship bonds. Please view my Website at www.paultgulloryphd.com for more details. I am Certified in Emotionally Focused Therapy both as a Trainer and Supervisor. This means I have successfully under taken rigorous advance training and been approved by the International Centre for Excellence in EFT. I am the author of: "Emotionally Focused Therapy with African American Couples: Love Heals. I am dedicated to helping couples address and resolve conflict, repair emotional injuries, and revitalize their bond. I also offer Masters level Training in Emotionally Focus Therapy.
My work has focused on repairing relationship bonds. Please view my Website at www.paultgulloryphd.com for more details. I am Certified in Emotionally Focused Therapy both as a Trainer and Supervisor. This means I have successfully under taken rigorous advance training and been approved by the International Centre for Excellence in EFT. I am the author of: "Emotionally Focused Therapy with African American Couples: Love Heals. I am dedicated to helping couples address and resolve conflict, repair emotional injuries, and revitalize their bond. I also offer Masters level Training in Emotionally Focus Therapy.
(510) 878-4876 View (510) 878-4876
Photo of Ali Faris, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Ali Faris
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
Evening and weekend appointments are available! If you are looking for help to rediscover, remember, and grow into the person you wish to be and need support and help to get there, I would feel privileged to be on that journey with you. I focus on honoring your knowledge and experiences in the hope of creating an empowering environment where you benefit from the freedom to discover your strengths, resiliencies, and courage. I consider the many ways you have come to know and understand yourself and your relationships to others, taking into account your culture, history, and identity.
Evening and weekend appointments are available! If you are looking for help to rediscover, remember, and grow into the person you wish to be and need support and help to get there, I would feel privileged to be on that journey with you. I focus on honoring your knowledge and experiences in the hope of creating an empowering environment where you benefit from the freedom to discover your strengths, resiliencies, and courage. I consider the many ways you have come to know and understand yourself and your relationships to others, taking into account your culture, history, and identity.
(510) 588-7155 View (510) 588-7155
Photo of Rachel Boyes, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Rachel Boyes
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Hello, I am a Marriage and Family Therapist who supports my clients in discovering and achieving what they most want in life. As we begin to look more deeply at who we are, we can move toward a life that has increased balance and fulfillment. Many of us suffer in our relationships, careers and internal worlds due to a lack of awareness of the ways in which our past wounds impact current choices and ways of interacting with others. By taking a deeper look at these processes, problematic belief systems can begin to change.
Hello, I am a Marriage and Family Therapist who supports my clients in discovering and achieving what they most want in life. As we begin to look more deeply at who we are, we can move toward a life that has increased balance and fulfillment. Many of us suffer in our relationships, careers and internal worlds due to a lack of awareness of the ways in which our past wounds impact current choices and ways of interacting with others. By taking a deeper look at these processes, problematic belief systems can begin to change.
(510) 319-0136 View (510) 319-0136
Photo of Sankofa Holistic Counseling Service, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Oakland, CA
Sankofa Holistic Counseling Service
Associate Clinical Social Worker, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
There is not a one size fits all when it comes to those with unique needs. Throughout my life, I have worked with many ' that bring a distinctive blueprint. I lead with my spirituality, ears, heart, and eyes. What drives me is my compassion, zeal, unconditional love for others, patience, and helping bridge the gap for our future generations. I specialize in working with children, youth, and families that have been confronted with PTSD, sexual/physical/emotional abuse, divorce, grievance, substance abuse, homelessness, domestic violence, spirituality, behavioral challenges, and individuals with disabilities. I
There is not a one size fits all when it comes to those with unique needs. Throughout my life, I have worked with many ' that bring a distinctive blueprint. I lead with my spirituality, ears, heart, and eyes. What drives me is my compassion, zeal, unconditional love for others, patience, and helping bridge the gap for our future generations. I specialize in working with children, youth, and families that have been confronted with PTSD, sexual/physical/emotional abuse, divorce, grievance, substance abuse, homelessness, domestic violence, spirituality, behavioral challenges, and individuals with disabilities. I
(510) 851-8117 View (510) 851-8117
Photo of Evelyn Natalya Fleischman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Evelyn Natalya Fleischman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
I specialize in somatic psychotherapy, a body/mind approach that helps you change core beliefs and attitudes that are causing you suffering. My approach is relational and uses mindfulness to bring awareness to the parts of yourself you don't ordinarily notice. In our sessions, we slow down and pay attention the story your body is telling as well as the mind. The work is highly experiential, creative and transformative!
I specialize in somatic psychotherapy, a body/mind approach that helps you change core beliefs and attitudes that are causing you suffering. My approach is relational and uses mindfulness to bring awareness to the parts of yourself you don't ordinarily notice. In our sessions, we slow down and pay attention the story your body is telling as well as the mind. The work is highly experiential, creative and transformative!
(510) 239-5301 View (510) 239-5301
Photo of Eli Alexander Keller, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Eli Alexander Keller
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
Step into a space where healing and growth intertwine. At my therapeutic practice, I extend a warm invitation to individuals, couples, and families of all kinds. With a foundation in mindfulness, I guide our journey with a deep focus on the relationships we build and the process we embark upon together.
Step into a space where healing and growth intertwine. At my therapeutic practice, I extend a warm invitation to individuals, couples, and families of all kinds. With a foundation in mindfulness, I guide our journey with a deep focus on the relationships we build and the process we embark upon together.
(415) 915-7791 View (415) 915-7791
Photo of Melissa Gericke, Counselor in Oakland, CA
Melissa Gericke
Counselor, LMHC, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94604  (Online Only)
As a therapist, I work collaboratively with individuals who have been struggling with the impact of their lived experience and are wanting to feel connected to themselves and the world again. More generally, my work focuses on addressing challenges related to trauma and it's impact on mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical well-being.
As a therapist, I work collaboratively with individuals who have been struggling with the impact of their lived experience and are wanting to feel connected to themselves and the world again. More generally, my work focuses on addressing challenges related to trauma and it's impact on mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical well-being.
(510) 913-9245 View (510) 913-9245
Photo of Jamie Briskin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jamie Briskin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Not accepting new clients
Parenting is difficult especially when your child is suffering. For the past 10 years I have worked with children, adolescents and parents/caregivers who feel stuck, frustrated, and overwhelmed. Parents often reach out because their child is exhibiting anxiety, intense tantrums, negative self-talk, and chronic irritability. I provide a warm, nonjudgmental, and playful environment to deeply understand your child’s behavior. Together we will develop strategies that promote your child’s resilience, flexibility, and confidence. Even in the trickiest of parenting moments we will find clarity and develop practical strategies.
Parenting is difficult especially when your child is suffering. For the past 10 years I have worked with children, adolescents and parents/caregivers who feel stuck, frustrated, and overwhelmed. Parents often reach out because their child is exhibiting anxiety, intense tantrums, negative self-talk, and chronic irritability. I provide a warm, nonjudgmental, and playful environment to deeply understand your child’s behavior. Together we will develop strategies that promote your child’s resilience, flexibility, and confidence. Even in the trickiest of parenting moments we will find clarity and develop practical strategies.
(510) 907-6216 View (510) 907-6216

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

60% Aetna
49% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.