Therapists in New York, NY

View neighborhoods in New York
Photo of John Ryder, Psychologist in New York, NY
John Ryder
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I make your life easier. I am a leader in Positive Psychology to focus on strengths not what is wrong. I will give you deep insight and practical tools to help you overcome challenges and resolve problems quickly. I have the knowledge and over 35 years of experience to help you in personal matters, relationships, career issues and other psychological problems. I listen carefully and then engage you with proven techniques that accelerate your progress. Call my office for a FREE telephone consult to find out if you would like to work together. I do see people in the office or we can work REMOTELY as well... 212- 779-4114
I make your life easier. I am a leader in Positive Psychology to focus on strengths not what is wrong. I will give you deep insight and practical tools to help you overcome challenges and resolve problems quickly. I have the knowledge and over 35 years of experience to help you in personal matters, relationships, career issues and other psychological problems. I listen carefully and then engage you with proven techniques that accelerate your progress. Call my office for a FREE telephone consult to find out if you would like to work together. I do see people in the office or we can work REMOTELY as well... 212- 779-4114
(646) 386-2144 View (646) 386-2144
Photo of Angela Waterfall, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Angela Waterfall
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10027  (Online Only)
My name is Angela Waterfall and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 15 years of experience working with people to move toward a life they deserve. I have work experience in an inpatient setting, outpatient clinic, and private practice which helps me understand the many different needs and goals individuals might have. I love working with all ages and mainly work with those who are 16+. The individuals I work with experience many different symptoms such as anxiety, depression, or psychosis. I also have loved ones living with mental health concerns which helps me understand the value of therapy.
My name is Angela Waterfall and I’m a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 15 years of experience working with people to move toward a life they deserve. I have work experience in an inpatient setting, outpatient clinic, and private practice which helps me understand the many different needs and goals individuals might have. I love working with all ages and mainly work with those who are 16+. The individuals I work with experience many different symptoms such as anxiety, depression, or psychosis. I also have loved ones living with mental health concerns which helps me understand the value of therapy.
(646) 787-0875 View (646) 787-0875
Photo of Lauren Vigilante, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Lauren Vigilante
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10122  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Currently have a waitlist, please contact to be added. I am a licensed psychotherapist in NYC, working with individuals who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, grief, and attachment issues. As a trauma-informed therapist, I strive to create safety and trust within the therapeutic relationship. You are the expert of your life and I am here to work collaboratively with you in healing your mind and body. We will work to remove any unconscious blocks that may be hindering your growth or causing any psychological, emotional, or physical stress.
Currently have a waitlist, please contact to be added. I am a licensed psychotherapist in NYC, working with individuals who have experienced trauma, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, grief, and attachment issues. As a trauma-informed therapist, I strive to create safety and trust within the therapeutic relationship. You are the expert of your life and I am here to work collaboratively with you in healing your mind and body. We will work to remove any unconscious blocks that may be hindering your growth or causing any psychological, emotional, or physical stress.
(718) 865-2427 View (718) 865-2427
Photo of Elle Laub, Counselor in New York, NY
Elle Laub
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
I am a trauma-informed mental health counselor licensed in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut working primarily with young adults of all genders, all sizes, abilities, races, and ethnicities, ages 18-45, specializing in eating disorders/disordered eating, body image concerns, anxiety, and depression. I adhere to the principles of Health At Every Size (HAES) and take an anti-diet approach in my work, meaning I help support those in all bodies to recognize non-adaptive behavioral patterns, develop tools for regulating emotions, and work towards body liberation and acceptance.
I am a trauma-informed mental health counselor licensed in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut working primarily with young adults of all genders, all sizes, abilities, races, and ethnicities, ages 18-45, specializing in eating disorders/disordered eating, body image concerns, anxiety, and depression. I adhere to the principles of Health At Every Size (HAES) and take an anti-diet approach in my work, meaning I help support those in all bodies to recognize non-adaptive behavioral patterns, develop tools for regulating emotions, and work towards body liberation and acceptance.
(332) 264-0942 View (332) 264-0942
Photo of Patricia Benjamin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Patricia Benjamin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10025  (Online Only)
Tired of feeling ashamed, rejected or abused? I have worked with people experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, PTSD, trauma, victims of abuse, micro aggressions, systemic harm, relationship issues, multigenerational trauma and life transitions which have impacted your well being. Maybe you had to do what you had to do to get through & that's okay. I have worked with many populations such as First Responders, Military (& spouses), LGBT and those who have struggled with eating issues.
Tired of feeling ashamed, rejected or abused? I have worked with people experiencing anxiety, depression, anger, PTSD, trauma, victims of abuse, micro aggressions, systemic harm, relationship issues, multigenerational trauma and life transitions which have impacted your well being. Maybe you had to do what you had to do to get through & that's okay. I have worked with many populations such as First Responders, Military (& spouses), LGBT and those who have struggled with eating issues.
(646) 921-4503 View (646) 921-4503
Photo of Victoria Waring, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Victoria Waring
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10029
I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with my MA in Psychology, and I also have a certificate in drug counseling. Who is from and licensed in NY and works with young adults, and adults & has over 15 years of experience with substance abuse, mental health disorders, CBT, DBT, grief & trauma issues. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with my MA in Psychology and also have my certificate in drug counseling and work with young adults and adults & has over 15 years of experience with substance abuse, mental health disorders, CBT, DBT & grief & trauma issues.
I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with my MA in Psychology, and I also have a certificate in drug counseling. Who is from and licensed in NY and works with young adults, and adults & has over 15 years of experience with substance abuse, mental health disorders, CBT, DBT, grief & trauma issues. I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with my MA in Psychology and also have my certificate in drug counseling and work with young adults and adults & has over 15 years of experience with substance abuse, mental health disorders, CBT, DBT & grief & trauma issues.
(646) 374-4265 View (646) 374-4265
Photo of Monika Dargis, Psychologist in New York, NY
Monika Dargis
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
Hi All! My name is Monika-welcome to my practice! I'm a psychologist who uses evidence-based treatments like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, though ultimately I work with my clients to determine an individualized therapy plan. I'm often irreverent and conversational in my therapeutic style (that's just my personality). I also take a pretty active approach to therapy, so tend to work best with folks who are looking for help making changes and getting "unstuck".
Hi All! My name is Monika-welcome to my practice! I'm a psychologist who uses evidence-based treatments like Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, though ultimately I work with my clients to determine an individualized therapy plan. I'm often irreverent and conversational in my therapeutic style (that's just my personality). I also take a pretty active approach to therapy, so tend to work best with folks who are looking for help making changes and getting "unstuck".
(929) 543-6036 View (929) 543-6036
Photo of Samuel Borinsky, LCSW, LP, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Samuel Borinsky, LCSW, LP
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
In psychotherapy, the ground of being is typically taken to be the self (or ego), and the work of psychotherapy entails mending the fractured self, so that the self is more unified, whole, and complete. This is what we commonly call self-acceptance--acceptance of all the parts of our self, especially the more vulnerable and hurting parts we instinctively reject and ignore. Paradoxically, our suffering decreases when we are able to engage in the difficult practice of allowing vulnerable and hurting parts in, practicing holding them, and possibly relaxing, before we take our next step. Traditional psychotherapy tends to reach its limits here.
In psychotherapy, the ground of being is typically taken to be the self (or ego), and the work of psychotherapy entails mending the fractured self, so that the self is more unified, whole, and complete. This is what we commonly call self-acceptance--acceptance of all the parts of our self, especially the more vulnerable and hurting parts we instinctively reject and ignore. Paradoxically, our suffering decreases when we are able to engage in the difficult practice of allowing vulnerable and hurting parts in, practicing holding them, and possibly relaxing, before we take our next step. Traditional psychotherapy tends to reach its limits here.
(212) 260-6643 View (212) 260-6643
Photo of Dr. Claudia Andrei, Psychologist in New York, NY
Dr. Claudia Andrei
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10003
The work of therapy entails a deep, genuine engagement with ourselves - at times the unknown or unpleasant parts of ourselves. As with all challenging tasks, therapy is most rewarding when approached with honesty and openness. I have been practicing psychotherapy with individuals and couples for 15+ years and I am committed to offering my clients expert and compassionate help on this courageous journey. I will work with you to tailor a treatment that is both comprehensive and responsive to your needs, whether they involve difficulties with a loved one or problematic patterns that you find yourself recreating in your life.
The work of therapy entails a deep, genuine engagement with ourselves - at times the unknown or unpleasant parts of ourselves. As with all challenging tasks, therapy is most rewarding when approached with honesty and openness. I have been practicing psychotherapy with individuals and couples for 15+ years and I am committed to offering my clients expert and compassionate help on this courageous journey. I will work with you to tailor a treatment that is both comprehensive and responsive to your needs, whether they involve difficulties with a loved one or problematic patterns that you find yourself recreating in your life.
(332) 248-1663 View (332) 248-1663
Photo of Lauren Tepfer, Counselor in New York, NY
Lauren Tepfer
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
I am passionate about breaking the stigma of vulnerability and reframing it as a sign of strength. Therefore, I invite my clients to take a step closer to becoming more comfortable with vulnerability. I understand that, while the past has shaped all of us and helps to explain who each person is today, I believes that each person still has the power to choose how their past experiences can help them thrive in the present and the future, and I am committed to helping my clients do just that. I also help clients build a more secure relationship with themself in order to connect with others in a more purposeful manner.
I am passionate about breaking the stigma of vulnerability and reframing it as a sign of strength. Therefore, I invite my clients to take a step closer to becoming more comfortable with vulnerability. I understand that, while the past has shaped all of us and helps to explain who each person is today, I believes that each person still has the power to choose how their past experiences can help them thrive in the present and the future, and I am committed to helping my clients do just that. I also help clients build a more secure relationship with themself in order to connect with others in a more purposeful manner.
(646) 450-3064 View (646) 450-3064
Photo of Leah Lipton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Leah Lipton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
A crisis about a relationship or career, anxiety, depression, or a loss, can be painful, but is also an opportunity. I bring over 20 years experience, academic training at Yale and Columbia, warmth, and a collaborative, interactive approach to therapy. Choosing to start therapy begins the process of confronting difficulties and understanding them differently.Together we will investigate barriers that hold you back. We will also explore how past experiences have influenced you. We can uncover hidden assumptions that play out in your choices in life. Identifying these patterns will enable you to make new choices and try new behaviors.
A crisis about a relationship or career, anxiety, depression, or a loss, can be painful, but is also an opportunity. I bring over 20 years experience, academic training at Yale and Columbia, warmth, and a collaborative, interactive approach to therapy. Choosing to start therapy begins the process of confronting difficulties and understanding them differently.Together we will investigate barriers that hold you back. We will also explore how past experiences have influenced you. We can uncover hidden assumptions that play out in your choices in life. Identifying these patterns will enable you to make new choices and try new behaviors.
(212) 678-4311 View (212) 678-4311
Photo of Randi Wender, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Randi Wender
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
My primary goal as a therapist is to help you become the best and most fulfilled version of yourself. My style is supportive and engaged because I believe that healing takes place when you know that you are heard and understood. I create a safe place in which we can work together to bring about lasting joy and transformation in your life.
My primary goal as a therapist is to help you become the best and most fulfilled version of yourself. My style is supportive and engaged because I believe that healing takes place when you know that you are heard and understood. I create a safe place in which we can work together to bring about lasting joy and transformation in your life.
View
Photo of Giselle Noboa, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Giselle Noboa
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10023
I am a licensed mental health provider in the state of New York. I work with clients with many concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, career challenges, OCD, and ADHD. I also help many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse.
I am a licensed mental health provider in the state of New York. I work with clients with many concerns, including depression, anxiety, relationship issues, career challenges, OCD, and ADHD. I also help many people who have experienced physical trauma or emotional abuse.
(646) 461-4086 View (646) 461-4086
Photo of Jessica January Behr, Psychologist in New York, NY
Jessica January Behr
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
Most people seek therapy when they are unhappy with one or more aspects of their lives. Whether you are struggling with work, love, family or self – you might be wondering, what will really help? I believe that understanding yourself is a great gift and a power. We as people are complicated beings. It takes effort and focused attention to parse out our complexity. It takes will and bravery to face ourselves; our lives, our pasts, presents and futures. It also takes intention to appreciate our strengths and recognize the areas that need strengthening.
Most people seek therapy when they are unhappy with one or more aspects of their lives. Whether you are struggling with work, love, family or self – you might be wondering, what will really help? I believe that understanding yourself is a great gift and a power. We as people are complicated beings. It takes effort and focused attention to parse out our complexity. It takes will and bravery to face ourselves; our lives, our pasts, presents and futures. It also takes intention to appreciate our strengths and recognize the areas that need strengthening.
(646) 693-0338 View (646) 693-0338
Photo of Virginia Seewaldt, Psychologist in New York, NY
Virginia Seewaldt
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
The decision to seek psychotherapy is the first courageous step toward making significant changes in your life. Whether you are looking to find more effective ways of coping, more genuine ways of engaging in relationships or to uncover deeper aspects of yourself, my role is to provide a safe environment, accompany and assist you toward achieving these goals. Therapy often involves becoming familiar with different aspects of yourself and the surprising discovery of inner strengths you didn't know you had. In the context of a strong therapeutic relationship, this hard emotional work can reap great rewards.
The decision to seek psychotherapy is the first courageous step toward making significant changes in your life. Whether you are looking to find more effective ways of coping, more genuine ways of engaging in relationships or to uncover deeper aspects of yourself, my role is to provide a safe environment, accompany and assist you toward achieving these goals. Therapy often involves becoming familiar with different aspects of yourself and the surprising discovery of inner strengths you didn't know you had. In the context of a strong therapeutic relationship, this hard emotional work can reap great rewards.
View
Photo of Lisa Ginsburg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Lisa Ginsburg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016  (Online Only)
Reaching out to a therapist for the first time can be a scary experience. I provide a warm, non-judgmental and comfortable space for us to work together toward the achievement of your personal goals. Sessions are interactive and sometimes even humorous. If you are seeking support to manage stress, improve relationships, and enhance the overall quality of your life, I look forward to the opportunity to work together.
Reaching out to a therapist for the first time can be a scary experience. I provide a warm, non-judgmental and comfortable space for us to work together toward the achievement of your personal goals. Sessions are interactive and sometimes even humorous. If you are seeking support to manage stress, improve relationships, and enhance the overall quality of your life, I look forward to the opportunity to work together.
(917) 633-9749 View (917) 633-9749
Photo of Talia Shiovitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Talia Shiovitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10003
I am committed to being your strongest advocate. I believe in your unlimited capacity to grow and change, and my passion is to help you improve your quality of life. Together, we will find solutions and create long-term changes. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults who are seeking support for depression, anxiety, college adjustment, life transitions, sexuality/identity, stress management, relationship difficulties, and trauma.
I am committed to being your strongest advocate. I believe in your unlimited capacity to grow and change, and my passion is to help you improve your quality of life. Together, we will find solutions and create long-term changes. I specialize in working with adolescents and adults who are seeking support for depression, anxiety, college adjustment, life transitions, sexuality/identity, stress management, relationship difficulties, and trauma.
(914) 350-2410 View (914) 350-2410
Photo of Bonnie Zindel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Bonnie Zindel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
I am a caring psychoanalyst with 20+ years of experience. Starting therapy may feel overwhelming but the experience can transform your life. Are there things you're doing to sabotage yourself? Do you get caught in the same patterns? How can you get the most out of your relationships? I believe therapy is a dynamic, two person process which takes place in an environment of safety and honesty. With insight, humor and warmth, I create a safe space for you to explore your feelings, relationships, ambitions, memories, and dreams. With awareness, acceptance and compassion, I believe that change is possible.
I am a caring psychoanalyst with 20+ years of experience. Starting therapy may feel overwhelming but the experience can transform your life. Are there things you're doing to sabotage yourself? Do you get caught in the same patterns? How can you get the most out of your relationships? I believe therapy is a dynamic, two person process which takes place in an environment of safety and honesty. With insight, humor and warmth, I create a safe space for you to explore your feelings, relationships, ambitions, memories, and dreams. With awareness, acceptance and compassion, I believe that change is possible.
(212) 265-2462 View (212) 265-2462
Photo of Stephanie Carrow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Stephanie Carrow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
I help people with issues affecting work, relationships, sexuality and life transitions. My style is focused, down-to-earth and interactive, and is oriented towards understanding and working through the internal barriers that inhibit a person's optimal functioning, growth and fulfillment, enabling them to achieve desired goals.
I help people with issues affecting work, relationships, sexuality and life transitions. My style is focused, down-to-earth and interactive, and is oriented towards understanding and working through the internal barriers that inhibit a person's optimal functioning, growth and fulfillment, enabling them to achieve desired goals.
(917) 725-3260 View (917) 725-3260
Photo of Stephanie Weldon Leimbacher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Stephanie Weldon Leimbacher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
My style is supportive, non-judgemental, and collaborative. I am an empathic listener. I believe that emotional wounds from the past live in the present, effecting how we relate and respond to people and events throughout life. Psychotherapy has the potential to heal wounds and offer insight. I believe the best therapists are warm, well trained, and have impeccable boundaries. I aim to be this kind of counselor. I am a certified individual psychotherapist with additional training to counsel couples/families. My work is conducted weekly, ranging from a short to long term basis.
My style is supportive, non-judgemental, and collaborative. I am an empathic listener. I believe that emotional wounds from the past live in the present, effecting how we relate and respond to people and events throughout life. Psychotherapy has the potential to heal wounds and offer insight. I believe the best therapists are warm, well trained, and have impeccable boundaries. I aim to be this kind of counselor. I am a certified individual psychotherapist with additional training to counsel couples/families. My work is conducted weekly, ranging from a short to long term basis.
(646) 681-4438 View (646) 681-4438

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.