Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Lauren Constantini MHC-LP at Dr. Fallon's Practice in New York, NY
Lauren Constantini MHC-LP at Dr. Fallon's Practice
MA, MHC-LP, MBA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10017  (Online Only)
Lauren is a highly skilled Mental Health Counselor (Limited Permit) who obtained a Masters in Mental Health Counseling from New York University and a Masters of Business Administration from Johns Hopkins. Lauren approaches her work with warmth, compassion, and a results driven style. Lauren especially enjoys working with individuals struggling with life transitions, relationships, anxiety, depression, work/life balance, family dynamics, phase-of-life issues, trauma, and self-worth and she finds immense joy in helping people gain greater insights into one another to unlock deeper levels of connection in their relationships.
Lauren is a highly skilled Mental Health Counselor (Limited Permit) who obtained a Masters in Mental Health Counseling from New York University and a Masters of Business Administration from Johns Hopkins. Lauren approaches her work with warmth, compassion, and a results driven style. Lauren especially enjoys working with individuals struggling with life transitions, relationships, anxiety, depression, work/life balance, family dynamics, phase-of-life issues, trauma, and self-worth and she finds immense joy in helping people gain greater insights into one another to unlock deeper levels of connection in their relationships.
(646) 480-7090 View (646) 480-7090
Photo of César Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
César Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
My therapy philosophy values that no person is in need of "fixing" and that healing can be found in a space that centers listening, reflection, play, non-judgment, and curiosity. My aim is to deepen your personal wisdom and become more connected to your mind-body-spirit system. I am experienced working with clients who struggle with trauma recovery, gender dysphoria, neurodivergency, poly/CNM relationships, sexuality, substance use, oppression, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, and grief.
My therapy philosophy values that no person is in need of "fixing" and that healing can be found in a space that centers listening, reflection, play, non-judgment, and curiosity. My aim is to deepen your personal wisdom and become more connected to your mind-body-spirit system. I am experienced working with clients who struggle with trauma recovery, gender dysphoria, neurodivergency, poly/CNM relationships, sexuality, substance use, oppression, disordered eating, depression, anxiety, chronic pain, and grief.
(929) 560-6243 View (929) 560-6243
Photo of Chin Teoh, Psychologist in New York, NY
Chin Teoh
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who is skilled at working with clients from diverse backgrounds. I view psychotherapy as a collaborative process. I believe in providing a warm and nonjudgmental environment for my clients so that they can feel safe and supported in exploring their issues. My goal is to assist my clients in gaining better understanding of themselves and foster a sense of self acceptance and personal growth.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who is skilled at working with clients from diverse backgrounds. I view psychotherapy as a collaborative process. I believe in providing a warm and nonjudgmental environment for my clients so that they can feel safe and supported in exploring their issues. My goal is to assist my clients in gaining better understanding of themselves and foster a sense of self acceptance and personal growth.
(347) 767-3059 View (347) 767-3059
Photo of Michelle Bottone, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Michelle Bottone
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010
I am a licensed therapist with over a decade of experience in the mental health and wellness field. My collaborative therapeutic style is energetic, supportive, and nonjudgmental. I have a wide range of clinical experience working with individuals, families, and couples all throughout the lifespan. I strongly believe in tailoring treatment to fit individual needs while utilizing evidence-based approaches. I greatly value the opportunity to assist my clients in building resiliency to enhance their overall quality of life.
I am a licensed therapist with over a decade of experience in the mental health and wellness field. My collaborative therapeutic style is energetic, supportive, and nonjudgmental. I have a wide range of clinical experience working with individuals, families, and couples all throughout the lifespan. I strongly believe in tailoring treatment to fit individual needs while utilizing evidence-based approaches. I greatly value the opportunity to assist my clients in building resiliency to enhance their overall quality of life.
(646) 774-0656 View (646) 774-0656
Photo of Nina Duryea in New York, NY
Nina Duryea
LMHCA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
I'm a nonbinary, queer psychotherapist and sex therapist in NYC taking clients virtually. I work with individuals and couples looking to overcome life's many transitions and challenges in order to reach for fulfilling lives. This may include identifying needs, communication skills, boundary setting, building a somatic toolbox, moving through feelings of shame and grief, or exploring one's identity. I specialize in serving the queer community, entertainers, sex workers, non-monogamous and kink oriented individuals and couples, the neurodiverse, and those living with chronic pain and illness (EDS competent).
I'm a nonbinary, queer psychotherapist and sex therapist in NYC taking clients virtually. I work with individuals and couples looking to overcome life's many transitions and challenges in order to reach for fulfilling lives. This may include identifying needs, communication skills, boundary setting, building a somatic toolbox, moving through feelings of shame and grief, or exploring one's identity. I specialize in serving the queer community, entertainers, sex workers, non-monogamous and kink oriented individuals and couples, the neurodiverse, and those living with chronic pain and illness (EDS competent).
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Photo of Richard C Killion, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Richard C Killion
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, ACT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
Not accepting new clients
Welcome to my profile. I am a certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) who practices in both Manhattan and Westchester County, New York. I work with adults of all ages on a number of different issues including: Depression, Anxiety, OCD, Life Transitional Issues, and Workplace Issues. My practice is LGBT-friendly and inclusive of all faiths. In addition to receiving CBT training at the Beck Institute I am also trained as a Psychodynamic Psychotherapist having completed training at the Institute for Psychoanalytic Education - NYU School of Medicine.
Welcome to my profile. I am a certified Cognitive Behavioral Therapist (CBT) who practices in both Manhattan and Westchester County, New York. I work with adults of all ages on a number of different issues including: Depression, Anxiety, OCD, Life Transitional Issues, and Workplace Issues. My practice is LGBT-friendly and inclusive of all faiths. In addition to receiving CBT training at the Beck Institute I am also trained as a Psychodynamic Psychotherapist having completed training at the Institute for Psychoanalytic Education - NYU School of Medicine.
(914) 873-1220 View (914) 873-1220
Photo of Elisabeth Goldberg, Marriage & Family Therapist in New York, NY
Elisabeth Goldberg
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Life is a cumulative series of relationships that shape the way we see ourselves and others. Most people are unaware of the value of specialty training among mental healthcare providers. LMFTs are experts in relationship issues- between partners, extended family and children. Please do not consult a therapist without the appropriate credentials. A therapist is like a surgeon, you put your life (and the lives of those around you) in our hands, especially if it’s the decision to leave your marriage. Through communication skills building, partners and family members can improve their relationships and the quality of their lives.
Life is a cumulative series of relationships that shape the way we see ourselves and others. Most people are unaware of the value of specialty training among mental healthcare providers. LMFTs are experts in relationship issues- between partners, extended family and children. Please do not consult a therapist without the appropriate credentials. A therapist is like a surgeon, you put your life (and the lives of those around you) in our hands, especially if it’s the decision to leave your marriage. Through communication skills building, partners and family members can improve their relationships and the quality of their lives.
(646) 846-5028 View (646) 846-5028
Photo of Jef Meletio, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jef Meletio
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
Let's be real, the idea of starting or resuming therapy can be terrifying. For first timers, the thought of sharing personal information with a virtual stranger can be anxiety provoking and for those who have gone to therapy in the past, but had a bad experience, there is probably reluctance to try it again. I understand, because once upon a time, I was just a regular guy looking for some help and sought out therapy, My first experience was less than amazing, but eventually I gave it another shot. My experience was so positive that I quit my job as an investment banker and went back to school to become a therapist.
Let's be real, the idea of starting or resuming therapy can be terrifying. For first timers, the thought of sharing personal information with a virtual stranger can be anxiety provoking and for those who have gone to therapy in the past, but had a bad experience, there is probably reluctance to try it again. I understand, because once upon a time, I was just a regular guy looking for some help and sought out therapy, My first experience was less than amazing, but eventually I gave it another shot. My experience was so positive that I quit my job as an investment banker and went back to school to become a therapist.
(646) 713-1735 View (646) 713-1735
Photo of Kate Jamison in New York, NY
Kate Jamison
MA, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
My clients typically enter therapy hoping to learn more about themselves, gain tangible coping skills, build meaningful relationships, and process & heal from trauma. They often experience one or more of the following: disordered eating, depression, anxiety, OCD, panic attacks, neurodivergence, PTSD, ADHD, exploring gender or sexuality (or both!), codependency, or PMDD. Recognizing the systemic roots of many presenting problems, I validate the past experiences of clients who have felt like therapy wasn’t for them and recognize the roles of privilege and politics in mental health. I work with individuals, couples, and families.
My clients typically enter therapy hoping to learn more about themselves, gain tangible coping skills, build meaningful relationships, and process & heal from trauma. They often experience one or more of the following: disordered eating, depression, anxiety, OCD, panic attacks, neurodivergence, PTSD, ADHD, exploring gender or sexuality (or both!), codependency, or PMDD. Recognizing the systemic roots of many presenting problems, I validate the past experiences of clients who have felt like therapy wasn’t for them and recognize the roles of privilege and politics in mental health. I work with individuals, couples, and families.
(929) 335-2142 View (929) 335-2142
Photo of Online Virtual Therapy With Csilla Antonovski, Counselor in New York, NY
Online Virtual Therapy With Csilla Antonovski
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10021
FREE consultations! Are you feeling stuck in negative thoughts, intense emotions, or behavioral patterns that don't serve your best interest? Are you hoping to build more meaning and joy in your life? You may feel hesitant about reaching out for help, especially with pressure from all directions to "have it all together". I'm here to join you on this journey to discover healing and build a balanced life. My goal is to help you find compassion for yourself, develop skills to help you navigate life stressors, and be confident in the resilient person you are.
FREE consultations! Are you feeling stuck in negative thoughts, intense emotions, or behavioral patterns that don't serve your best interest? Are you hoping to build more meaning and joy in your life? You may feel hesitant about reaching out for help, especially with pressure from all directions to "have it all together". I'm here to join you on this journey to discover healing and build a balanced life. My goal is to help you find compassion for yourself, develop skills to help you navigate life stressors, and be confident in the resilient person you are.
(347) 329-2401 View (347) 329-2401
Photo of Damise Vaughn in New York, NY
Damise Vaughn
MS, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
Ready to shed the weight of stress, uncover your true self, and blossom into your best version? Look no further than Damise Vaughn, a therapist who blends compassionate guidance with a touch of lightheartedness to create a space for genuine healing and transformation. Damise is different from your typical therapist. Forget stuffy offices and endless talking. Her approach is engaging, insightful, and tailored specifically to you. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, navigating life transitions, or simply seeking to understand yourself better, Damise will be your partner in exploration.
Ready to shed the weight of stress, uncover your true self, and blossom into your best version? Look no further than Damise Vaughn, a therapist who blends compassionate guidance with a touch of lightheartedness to create a space for genuine healing and transformation. Damise is different from your typical therapist. Forget stuffy offices and endless talking. Her approach is engaging, insightful, and tailored specifically to you. Whether you're grappling with anxiety, navigating life transitions, or simply seeking to understand yourself better, Damise will be your partner in exploration.
(845) 668-4810 View (845) 668-4810
Photo of Clorinda Bulfamante, Psychologist in New York, NY
Clorinda Bulfamante
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10013
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
I am a clinical psychologist providing therapy and assessment services in Scarsdale and Greenwich. I treat various conditions, such as depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, social anxiety, and school/work issues. I also focus on life transitions, whether that be a recent move, transition from college, changes in family dynamics, or changes in significant relationships. Furthermore, I have extensive experience in conducting psychological assessments. Therapeutically, I focus on developing teens and adults, where as I provide assessments for all ages.
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Photo of Jonnaye Rivera in New York, NY
Jonnaye Rivera
MHC-LP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Do you ever wonder how you fit into the world, your community, or even your family? Navigating personal relationships can be challenging if you struggle with self-esteem, anxiety, ADHD/ADD, trauma, or any other mental health challenges. This is why I want to be your helping hand to help guide you on your journey.
Do you ever wonder how you fit into the world, your community, or even your family? Navigating personal relationships can be challenging if you struggle with self-esteem, anxiety, ADHD/ADD, trauma, or any other mental health challenges. This is why I want to be your helping hand to help guide you on your journey.
(332) 264-0858 View (332) 264-0858
Photo of Rachel Rennie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Rachel Rennie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10005  (Online Only)
LGBTQIA+/GNC/Kink/Polyamory/Sex Worker affirming
LGBTQIA+/GNC/Kink/Polyamory/Sex Worker affirming
(718) 550-0635 View (718) 550-0635
Photo of Lauren Knopf, Psychologist in New York, NY
Lauren Knopf
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
Waitlist for new clients
I see my role as helping people increase awareness of entrenched interpersonal and cognitive patterns that are preventing them from engaging fully with themselves, others, and their life activities. Therapy provides a safe and supportive environment for people to try out new ways of thinking, feeling and relating that will lead to more fulfilling lives. I particularly enjoy working with teens and young adults who are at the beginning of their life journeys in developing their sense of self, independence and identity.
I see my role as helping people increase awareness of entrenched interpersonal and cognitive patterns that are preventing them from engaging fully with themselves, others, and their life activities. Therapy provides a safe and supportive environment for people to try out new ways of thinking, feeling and relating that will lead to more fulfilling lives. I particularly enjoy working with teens and young adults who are at the beginning of their life journeys in developing their sense of self, independence and identity.
(718) 757-1226 View (718) 757-1226
Photo of Attune Psychotherapy in New York, NY
Attune Psychotherapy
LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028
Attune Psychotherapy is an outpatient group practice specializing in the treatment of Anxiety, Mood, Eating, Substance Use, and Hoarding Disorders. We are a dynamic group of experienced, driven, and relatable psychotherapists eager to utilize our individual experiences and modalities to meet each client exactly where they are in their unique process of healing, exploration and self-acceptance.
Attune Psychotherapy is an outpatient group practice specializing in the treatment of Anxiety, Mood, Eating, Substance Use, and Hoarding Disorders. We are a dynamic group of experienced, driven, and relatable psychotherapists eager to utilize our individual experiences and modalities to meet each client exactly where they are in their unique process of healing, exploration and self-acceptance.
(646) 916-4711 View (646) 916-4711
Photo of Carrie Hunter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Carrie Hunter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
Do you feel like no one understands you? Perhaps things feel overwhelming and out of your control? Are you having trouble loving yourself and putting yourself first? Experiencing issues within your relationship? I'm here to support you on your journey towards positive emotional well-being through compassion. In therapy, I provide support in dealing with trauma, managing stress, life transitions, anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflicts, self-esteem, body image, and relationship issues. My passion lies in working with young adults as they navigate the transitional stages of their lives.
Do you feel like no one understands you? Perhaps things feel overwhelming and out of your control? Are you having trouble loving yourself and putting yourself first? Experiencing issues within your relationship? I'm here to support you on your journey towards positive emotional well-being through compassion. In therapy, I provide support in dealing with trauma, managing stress, life transitions, anxiety, depression, interpersonal conflicts, self-esteem, body image, and relationship issues. My passion lies in working with young adults as they navigate the transitional stages of their lives.
(929) 822-5823 View (929) 822-5823
Photo of Derek Crichlow, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Derek Crichlow
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10019
Do you want to explore the untapped parts of yourself that make you unique? I am a black, queer, cis-gender male from Long Island and I believe therapy is the best place to discover what makes you unique. In my personal journey to mental wellness, I it was challenging to find a therapist that felt safe, relatable and authentic. I know what it is like to be judged and misunderstood because of your identity and who you love. With my journey, I am empowered to help you navigate your relationships, your past experiences, and the stresses of your daily life.
Do you want to explore the untapped parts of yourself that make you unique? I am a black, queer, cis-gender male from Long Island and I believe therapy is the best place to discover what makes you unique. In my personal journey to mental wellness, I it was challenging to find a therapist that felt safe, relatable and authentic. I know what it is like to be judged and misunderstood because of your identity and who you love. With my journey, I am empowered to help you navigate your relationships, your past experiences, and the stresses of your daily life.
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Photo of Natasha Stovall, Psychologist in New York, NY
Natasha Stovall
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
I'm an adult, adolescent and child psychologist with a wide range of experience helping people work through life's difficulties. I specialize in humor, warmth and empathy using psychodynamic, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) techniques. Whether it's anxiety, depression, ADHD, sexuality, relationships, or grief and trauma, I use an engaging and direct approach to clarify problems, minimize negative patterns, and ease painful symptoms and situations. A core part of my work is helping people strengthen their capacities for healthy self-reflection and coping, so that their problematic patterns diminish and their creative growth blossoms.
I'm an adult, adolescent and child psychologist with a wide range of experience helping people work through life's difficulties. I specialize in humor, warmth and empathy using psychodynamic, mindfulness, cognitive behavioral (CBT) and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) techniques. Whether it's anxiety, depression, ADHD, sexuality, relationships, or grief and trauma, I use an engaging and direct approach to clarify problems, minimize negative patterns, and ease painful symptoms and situations. A core part of my work is helping people strengthen their capacities for healthy self-reflection and coping, so that their problematic patterns diminish and their creative growth blossoms.
(347) 658-5656 View (347) 658-5656
Photo of Alexandra Robbins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Alexandra Robbins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001
I see the therapeutic process as a collaborative journey, whereby we have the opportunity to heal and create lasting change in our perspectives and behaviors. We all develop patterns and ways of coping with life that may have served us at one point in time and may no longer be beneficial to us today. It’s common to find ourselves stuck in familiar thought-loops or relationship dynamics that are no longer working in our favor. Through uncovering the origin of these themes, we can build compassion for ourselves, which helps set the foundation for meaningful change.
I see the therapeutic process as a collaborative journey, whereby we have the opportunity to heal and create lasting change in our perspectives and behaviors. We all develop patterns and ways of coping with life that may have served us at one point in time and may no longer be beneficial to us today. It’s common to find ourselves stuck in familiar thought-loops or relationship dynamics that are no longer working in our favor. Through uncovering the origin of these themes, we can build compassion for ourselves, which helps set the foundation for meaningful change.
(646) 553-3391 View (646) 553-3391

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.