Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

Photo of Elizabeth Parker, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Elizabeth Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37419
Life is hard. Maybe you're in a difficult season right now or maybe it feels more like it's been a difficult few years. Maybe you're carrying pain from an abusive childhood, traumatic experience, or gut-wrenching loss. Maybe your relationship status changed. Maybe life doesn't look like what you thought it would by now. Maybe you're not even sure what exactly you're hoping to find, but you don't think life is supposed to feel this way. For whatever reason you find yourself on my page today, it would be an honor to listen and hold a safe space for your hard things. Life will be hard, but seasons change. Hope and healing is possible.
Life is hard. Maybe you're in a difficult season right now or maybe it feels more like it's been a difficult few years. Maybe you're carrying pain from an abusive childhood, traumatic experience, or gut-wrenching loss. Maybe your relationship status changed. Maybe life doesn't look like what you thought it would by now. Maybe you're not even sure what exactly you're hoping to find, but you don't think life is supposed to feel this way. For whatever reason you find yourself on my page today, it would be an honor to listen and hold a safe space for your hard things. Life will be hard, but seasons change. Hope and healing is possible.
(423) 376-9658 View (423) 376-9658
Photo of Julie Zork Kline, MS, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Julie Zork Kline, MS, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37408  (Online Only)
Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship conflict, breaking free from a toxic relationship, parenting challenges, or other life stressors, I believe you can find relief in a short amount of time with some simple yet intentional changes. Together we can focus on creating strategies to help you have the life and relationships that you desire. I specialize in individual and relationship counseling, as well as working with parents of adult children who are failing to launch out on their own or who parents find difficultly in relating to in everyday interactions.
Whether you are dealing with anxiety, depression, relationship conflict, breaking free from a toxic relationship, parenting challenges, or other life stressors, I believe you can find relief in a short amount of time with some simple yet intentional changes. Together we can focus on creating strategies to help you have the life and relationships that you desire. I specialize in individual and relationship counseling, as well as working with parents of adult children who are failing to launch out on their own or who parents find difficultly in relating to in everyday interactions.
(508) 714-2219 View (508) 714-2219
Photo of Christy Call, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Christy Call
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSP, NCC, LMFT, MPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37403
The process of seeking help can feel daunting, especially when you are in the midst of struggle. But you have already taken an incredibly courageous step: you're considering therapy.
The process of seeking help can feel daunting, especially when you are in the midst of struggle. But you have already taken an incredibly courageous step: you're considering therapy.
(423) 205-4456 View (423) 205-4456
Photo of Jessica Wells, Pastoral Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Jessica Wells
Pastoral Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37415
I offer pastoral counseling, soul care and spiritual direction to women with a focus on life changes and adjustments, such as marriage and relationship struggles, chronic health conditions, motherhood, postpartum, and grief and loss. I also works with clients interested in discerning career and calling growth, as well as navigating spiritual and theological questions. I offer a whole-person perspective, taking into consideration the mind, body, and spirit. I can assist clients with developing self and soul care practices independently, or to support and inform their ongoing counseling experience. ​​​​​
I offer pastoral counseling, soul care and spiritual direction to women with a focus on life changes and adjustments, such as marriage and relationship struggles, chronic health conditions, motherhood, postpartum, and grief and loss. I also works with clients interested in discerning career and calling growth, as well as navigating spiritual and theological questions. I offer a whole-person perspective, taking into consideration the mind, body, and spirit. I can assist clients with developing self and soul care practices independently, or to support and inform their ongoing counseling experience. ​​​​​
(423) 397-2226 View (423) 397-2226
Photo of Sean Michael Taylor, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Sean Michael Taylor
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFTI
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
“Has life got you down?” That classic question that we all come back to when things just seem a bit too crazy. The question that we’ve heard so many times, even when we were a kid. So let me ask you, has life got you down? Do you feel like your life has transitioned to a place where you feel lost, alone, or quite like nobody really understands what it’s like to be in your shoes? Has anxiety, depression, relational issues or trauma, family conflict or parenting issues beaten you down? Let me ask you one last question: is the idea of therapy terrifying? If you answered yes to any of these questions, please believe me, there’s a way.
“Has life got you down?” That classic question that we all come back to when things just seem a bit too crazy. The question that we’ve heard so many times, even when we were a kid. So let me ask you, has life got you down? Do you feel like your life has transitioned to a place where you feel lost, alone, or quite like nobody really understands what it’s like to be in your shoes? Has anxiety, depression, relational issues or trauma, family conflict or parenting issues beaten you down? Let me ask you one last question: is the idea of therapy terrifying? If you answered yes to any of these questions, please believe me, there’s a way.
(423) 295-7484 View (423) 295-7484
Photo of Blake Feagans, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Blake Feagans
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37411
I specialize in providing therapeutic services to individuals across various age groups, addressing concerns like: trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relational challenges, academic difficulties, spirituality, sexual addiction, identity exploration, and grief. My approach is rooted in relational therapy, emphasizing the significance of authentic connections and mutual accountability in the healing process. I find fulfillment in assisting individuals who struggle to establish meaningful connections and are often marginalized or labeled as challenging. Additionally, I offer specialized weekly group support for male sex addiction.
I specialize in providing therapeutic services to individuals across various age groups, addressing concerns like: trauma, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relational challenges, academic difficulties, spirituality, sexual addiction, identity exploration, and grief. My approach is rooted in relational therapy, emphasizing the significance of authentic connections and mutual accountability in the healing process. I find fulfillment in assisting individuals who struggle to establish meaningful connections and are often marginalized or labeled as challenging. Additionally, I offer specialized weekly group support for male sex addiction.
(423) 403-3553 View (423) 403-3553
Photo of Naomi Boothe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Naomi Boothe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
(423) 218-4314 View (423) 218-4314
Photo of Jane Ellis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Jane Ellis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37411  (Online Only)
I love working with Older Adults! I have over 20 years of experience working primarily with the older adult population. I have also enjoyed my work with families who are dealing with stressors related to a parent or another loved one getting older. I have dealt with anxiety from a young age, grief and loss issues that have hit a deep place within me. I have parents who are getting older, and have enjoyed being a part of my nephews' lives as they mature. I look forward to sitting with, listening, and respectfully walking with you on your journey. I hope to help you navigate whatever changes lie ahead in a holistic, helpful way.
I love working with Older Adults! I have over 20 years of experience working primarily with the older adult population. I have also enjoyed my work with families who are dealing with stressors related to a parent or another loved one getting older. I have dealt with anxiety from a young age, grief and loss issues that have hit a deep place within me. I have parents who are getting older, and have enjoyed being a part of my nephews' lives as they mature. I look forward to sitting with, listening, and respectfully walking with you on your journey. I hope to help you navigate whatever changes lie ahead in a holistic, helpful way.
(423) 954-7917 View (423) 954-7917
Photo of Kelly Culpepper Towe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Kelly Culpepper Towe
Licensed Professional Counselor, MHSP, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor, is pursuing licensure as a Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Tennessee, and is a National Certified Counselor. She works with individuals, couples, and families pursuing growth and healing through supportive, therapeutic relationship. Kelly has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, career direction, affair recovery, spiritual direction, OCD, sexuality, and marital issues.
Kelly is a Licensed Professional Counselor, is pursuing licensure as a Marriage and Family Therapist in the State of Tennessee, and is a National Certified Counselor. She works with individuals, couples, and families pursuing growth and healing through supportive, therapeutic relationship. Kelly has experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, career direction, affair recovery, spiritual direction, OCD, sexuality, and marital issues.
(423) 401-6124 View (423) 401-6124
Photo of Dr. Carol Stoney, Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Dr. Carol Stoney
Counselor, PhD, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37408
Healthy relationships are not the mystery that most of us believe them to be. Love may be the reason that we commit to a relationship, but few know how to sustain that wonderful, secure feeling. There are skills that all of us must learn in order to create and manage our relationships so that our dreams don't go the way of statistics and have us end up separated from our loved one. While individual therapy has been linked to worsening relationship issues, my research-based training provides the opposite: HOPE. Let me work with you to stop the negative patterns that are taking you away from the partnership you wish to have.
Healthy relationships are not the mystery that most of us believe them to be. Love may be the reason that we commit to a relationship, but few know how to sustain that wonderful, secure feeling. There are skills that all of us must learn in order to create and manage our relationships so that our dreams don't go the way of statistics and have us end up separated from our loved one. While individual therapy has been linked to worsening relationship issues, my research-based training provides the opposite: HOPE. Let me work with you to stop the negative patterns that are taking you away from the partnership you wish to have.
(423) 300-6992 View (423) 300-6992
Photo of Nickole Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Nickole Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37402
Sometimes life can be overwhelming and you may feel out of control, but positive life changes are possible. I will provide a safe environment to help you identify your fears, clarify the vision you have for your well-being, and give you skills to achieve your goals. I specialize in trauma, attachment wounding, emotion regulation, anxiety, depression, grief, and couples issues. I work with individual adults and couples. I love my work and find it extremely rewarding when clients' relationships become more fulfilling and they take charge of their life.
Sometimes life can be overwhelming and you may feel out of control, but positive life changes are possible. I will provide a safe environment to help you identify your fears, clarify the vision you have for your well-being, and give you skills to achieve your goals. I specialize in trauma, attachment wounding, emotion regulation, anxiety, depression, grief, and couples issues. I work with individual adults and couples. I love my work and find it extremely rewarding when clients' relationships become more fulfilling and they take charge of their life.
(423) 793-3434 View (423) 793-3434
Photo of Richard 'steve' McDonald Jr., Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Richard 'steve' McDonald Jr.
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
I believe that we can work together from your very real strengths to get to a better future for you. I'm prepared to help you get there using both your ideas and my suggestions!
I believe that we can work together from your very real strengths to get to a better future for you. I'm prepared to help you get there using both your ideas and my suggestions!
(423) 799-2546 View (423) 799-2546
Photo of Dr. Carolyn E Davidson, Psychologist in Chattanooga, TN
Dr. Carolyn E Davidson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421  (Online Only)
I partner with individuals who are dealing with issues related to mood or emotions, sleep, chronic pain, trauma, or stress. Understanding that: 1. our minds and bodies are inextricably intertwined (shout out to our incredible Nervous System!), and, 2. there is often an overlap between mood, sleep, trauma, chronic pain, or stress... when we work on one area, it also has benefits in other areas! We leverage the power of these interconnections to help you figure out and move in the direction of what's really important to you in your life.
I partner with individuals who are dealing with issues related to mood or emotions, sleep, chronic pain, trauma, or stress. Understanding that: 1. our minds and bodies are inextricably intertwined (shout out to our incredible Nervous System!), and, 2. there is often an overlap between mood, sleep, trauma, chronic pain, or stress... when we work on one area, it also has benefits in other areas! We leverage the power of these interconnections to help you figure out and move in the direction of what's really important to you in your life.
(423) 397-4160 View (423) 397-4160
Photo of Marcus R Perez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Marcus R Perez
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
When people experience life stressors or trauma, it's not uncommon for their lives to feel like they're unraveling. My passion is to use a solution focused methods to set goals and improve client outcomes. Many people want answers, and I enjoy helping others find answers. I enjoy exploring solutions through recognizing how life experiences impact behavior patterns.
When people experience life stressors or trauma, it's not uncommon for their lives to feel like they're unraveling. My passion is to use a solution focused methods to set goals and improve client outcomes. Many people want answers, and I enjoy helping others find answers. I enjoy exploring solutions through recognizing how life experiences impact behavior patterns.
(765) 523-4816 View (765) 523-4816
Photo of Ken Knoechel, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chattanooga, TN
Ken Knoechel
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421  (Online Only)
Do you often feel overwhelmed by everyday life? Or do you feel totally disconnected from your needs and what you truly want for yourself? I will help you reconnect with yourself and the world around you. I offer a personalized approach to each of my clients. I start by understanding where you are right now and the challenges you face. I’ll then help you establish a plan to move forward toward the life you desire and celebrate your successes along the way. I offer an inclusive, safe virtual space that is designed to help you feel comfortable and at ease. Helping people live better lives is my passion!
Do you often feel overwhelmed by everyday life? Or do you feel totally disconnected from your needs and what you truly want for yourself? I will help you reconnect with yourself and the world around you. I offer a personalized approach to each of my clients. I start by understanding where you are right now and the challenges you face. I’ll then help you establish a plan to move forward toward the life you desire and celebrate your successes along the way. I offer an inclusive, safe virtual space that is designed to help you feel comfortable and at ease. Helping people live better lives is my passion!
(423) 397-4107 View (423) 397-4107
Photo of West Breedlove, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
West Breedlove
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37408
Therapy for MEN and COUPLES. Many of us have struggled with troubling, unwanted thoughts, compulsive behaviors, broken vows, traumatic childhoods, or some enslaving addiction. Our lives are pockmarked by pain, and wounded by those we love (and we have hurt them in turn). However, this pain does not have to have the final word. We can live a life we love, one that is consistent with our deepest values. A life of peace, tenderness, freedom, courage, and love.
Therapy for MEN and COUPLES. Many of us have struggled with troubling, unwanted thoughts, compulsive behaviors, broken vows, traumatic childhoods, or some enslaving addiction. Our lives are pockmarked by pain, and wounded by those we love (and we have hurt them in turn). However, this pain does not have to have the final word. We can live a life we love, one that is consistent with our deepest values. A life of peace, tenderness, freedom, courage, and love.
(423) 401-6211 View (423) 401-6211
Photo of Erin Tomberlin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Erin Tomberlin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, BSN, RN, PMH-C, IMH-E
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37421
With nearly 20 years of hospital experience as an RN, I seek to integrate my care and knowledge of the clinical setting within my counseling practice. I am an LPC-MHSP(temp), certified in Perinatal Mental Health (PSI), and completed Resolve Through Sharing bereavement training. I am also endorsed by AIMHiTN as an Infant/Early Childhood Family Associate. I enjoy working with adults facing a wide range of issues and employ a variety of therapy modalities tailored to the individual needs of clients. I seek to create a safe and honest space for individuals and couples in their journey toward healing.
With nearly 20 years of hospital experience as an RN, I seek to integrate my care and knowledge of the clinical setting within my counseling practice. I am an LPC-MHSP(temp), certified in Perinatal Mental Health (PSI), and completed Resolve Through Sharing bereavement training. I am also endorsed by AIMHiTN as an Infant/Early Childhood Family Associate. I enjoy working with adults facing a wide range of issues and employ a variety of therapy modalities tailored to the individual needs of clients. I seek to create a safe and honest space for individuals and couples in their journey toward healing.
(423) 455-5154 View (423) 455-5154
Photo of Hannah Snyder Blackwell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Hannah Snyder Blackwell
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37404
Change is hard, but growth is worth it. That being said, growth doesn't always look like we thought it would, and I would love to walk alongside you as you figure out what growing means for you. Feel free to reach out via phone call or email and I will do my best to get back to you within 24 hours.
Change is hard, but growth is worth it. That being said, growth doesn't always look like we thought it would, and I would love to walk alongside you as you figure out what growing means for you. Feel free to reach out via phone call or email and I will do my best to get back to you within 24 hours.
(423) 210-4416 View (423) 210-4416
Photo of Danielle M McDonough, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chattanooga, TN
Danielle M McDonough
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37402  (Online Only)
Have the terrible 2's never stopped or gotten worse after your child turned 2.5 yrs? Do you have a young child with more frequent, long, or intense temper tantrums and behavior problems than is expected for the child’s age? Does your child seem to get a thrill out of purposely annoying others, get in trouble regularly at preschool, or react with defiance and aggression to adult requests and limits? Or, is your child so anxious that you are dreading daycare or school drop offs because your child has to be pried off of you? Is your child struggling to adjust to a transition like parents’ divorce, a new sibling, grief, or trauma?
Have the terrible 2's never stopped or gotten worse after your child turned 2.5 yrs? Do you have a young child with more frequent, long, or intense temper tantrums and behavior problems than is expected for the child’s age? Does your child seem to get a thrill out of purposely annoying others, get in trouble regularly at preschool, or react with defiance and aggression to adult requests and limits? Or, is your child so anxious that you are dreading daycare or school drop offs because your child has to be pried off of you? Is your child struggling to adjust to a transition like parents’ divorce, a new sibling, grief, or trauma?
(423) 564-4642 View (423) 564-4642
Photo of Mary Alice Bradshaw, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chattanooga, TN
Mary Alice Bradshaw
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I am glad you are here! I take it that things aren't feeling so great at the moment. Or maybe they are, you are just looking for help in maintaining what's good. Whatever brings you here, I am proud of you and it would be an honor and joy to sit with you. I believe deeply that healing comes from a place of healthy, strong relationships and I would love to get to know you!
I am glad you are here! I take it that things aren't feeling so great at the moment. Or maybe they are, you are just looking for help in maintaining what's good. Whatever brings you here, I am proud of you and it would be an honor and joy to sit with you. I believe deeply that healing comes from a place of healthy, strong relationships and I would love to get to know you!
(423) 537-6678 View (423) 537-6678

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chattanooga, TN

400+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Chattanooga, TN who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
85% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
79% Self Esteem
76% Trauma and PTSD
75% Coping Skills
74% Stress

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Cigna and Evernorth
71% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chattanooga, TN see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chattanooga?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.