Therapists in Encino, CA

Photo of Maria Elena Marquez, MA, LMFT , Marriage & Family Therapist
Maria Elena Marquez
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Are you finding it difficult to manage your overflowing emotions with your loved ones? Asking yourself what’s my purpose in life? Is my career choice aligned with my core values? Am I honoring my truest self as a Latinx or POC? My focus as a bilingual Art Therapist / Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist is to create a new and safe space with you. A space to dive deep into self expression, art, and explore patterns that have held you hostage from living an integrated life. My mission is to help you understand, manage and reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, worry and disappointment you may face daily.
Are you finding it difficult to manage your overflowing emotions with your loved ones? Asking yourself what’s my purpose in life? Is my career choice aligned with my core values? Am I honoring my truest self as a Latinx or POC? My focus as a bilingual Art Therapist / Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist is to create a new and safe space with you. A space to dive deep into self expression, art, and explore patterns that have held you hostage from living an integrated life. My mission is to help you understand, manage and reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, worry and disappointment you may face daily.
(747) 204-2809 View (747) 204-2809
Dr. Brandie Boghosian
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
Welcome! As a clinical psychologist with specialized training in evidence-based practice, a major focus of my work is to deliver efficacious treatment customized to meet the unique needs of each client. This framework allows for targeted symptom improvement, while supporting the growth of each client within their individual worldviews. I am dedicated to working with individuals, couples, and families with the aim of decreasing suffering and increasing opportunities for joy.
Welcome! As a clinical psychologist with specialized training in evidence-based practice, a major focus of my work is to deliver efficacious treatment customized to meet the unique needs of each client. This framework allows for targeted symptom improvement, while supporting the growth of each client within their individual worldviews. I am dedicated to working with individuals, couples, and families with the aim of decreasing suffering and increasing opportunities for joy.
(805) 719-7833 View (805) 719-7833
Photo of Mazda Lakpour, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Mazda Lakpour
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Counseling helps people (adults, teenagers, couples and families) deal with emotional, social, developmental, and other life concerns. I utilize an integrative approach of Cognitive Behavioral, Solution Focused, and Hypnotherapy interventions to help my clients manage adjustment to life-altering events.
Counseling helps people (adults, teenagers, couples and families) deal with emotional, social, developmental, and other life concerns. I utilize an integrative approach of Cognitive Behavioral, Solution Focused, and Hypnotherapy interventions to help my clients manage adjustment to life-altering events.
(747) 203-0875 View (747) 203-0875
Photo of Clarita S. Wisnia, Psychologist
Clarita S. Wisnia
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
I believe childhood experiences create the template for adult life. Early losses, separations and trauma define the choices of strategies or defenses we use as adults. Pain and suffering can be caused by these early experiences. It is my job as a therapist to join my clients in their journey of discovery of these templates and help them to gain a more fulfilled life. I provide individual, couples and family counseling services in both English and Spanish in a safe, comfortable environment. My approach is tailored to each client, to meet them on their journey of discovery to finding a more fulfilled life.
I believe childhood experiences create the template for adult life. Early losses, separations and trauma define the choices of strategies or defenses we use as adults. Pain and suffering can be caused by these early experiences. It is my job as a therapist to join my clients in their journey of discovery of these templates and help them to gain a more fulfilled life. I provide individual, couples and family counseling services in both English and Spanish in a safe, comfortable environment. My approach is tailored to each client, to meet them on their journey of discovery to finding a more fulfilled life.
(818) 924-4804 View (818) 924-4804
Photo of Karen Streicher Cohen, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Karen Streicher Cohen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
As a psychotherapist, I see individuals, couples and families who are in pain or conflict, and who want to increase their peace of mind and quality of life. My training, experience and intuition help me "zero in" on the patterns and issues that keep people blocked. Gentle, warm yet direct, I strive to help those I am privileged to treat grieve losses, resolve traumas, improve self-esteem, strengthen relationships, reduce depression and anxiety, and develop communication, stress management and coping skills. Understanding problem areas and expanding strengths, we work in a spirit of collaboration, with mutual respect, toward meaningful change.
As a psychotherapist, I see individuals, couples and families who are in pain or conflict, and who want to increase their peace of mind and quality of life. My training, experience and intuition help me "zero in" on the patterns and issues that keep people blocked. Gentle, warm yet direct, I strive to help those I am privileged to treat grieve losses, resolve traumas, improve self-esteem, strengthen relationships, reduce depression and anxiety, and develop communication, stress management and coping skills. Understanding problem areas and expanding strengths, we work in a spirit of collaboration, with mutual respect, toward meaningful change.
(213) 260-4812 View (213) 260-4812
Photo of Lisa Markinson, LMFT, MA, Marriage & Family Therapist
Lisa Markinson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316  (Online Only)
I am passionate about providing a safe and warm environment where my clients are free to explore and grow. I strongly believe that the collaborative nature of therapy can help one to see things anew and bring about the change you desire. With an integrative approach and my background in family systems and cognitive behavioral therapy, we will work together to uncover what stands in the way of your growth and develop the tools and insights that will move you towards a life filled with more self-acceptance, joy, and fulfillment. 

I am passionate about providing a safe and warm environment where my clients are free to explore and grow. I strongly believe that the collaborative nature of therapy can help one to see things anew and bring about the change you desire. With an integrative approach and my background in family systems and cognitive behavioral therapy, we will work together to uncover what stands in the way of your growth and develop the tools and insights that will move you towards a life filled with more self-acceptance, joy, and fulfillment. 

(818) 600-2725 View (818) 600-2725
Photo of Evangeline “Eve” Williams, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Evangeline “Eve” Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316
Are you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to start? Perhaps you’ve lost a part of yourself in your role as caregiver, parent, or spouse. Or maybe as you take care of others, you’ve brushed aside your own needs.
Are you feeling overwhelmed and unsure of where to start? Perhaps you’ve lost a part of yourself in your role as caregiver, parent, or spouse. Or maybe as you take care of others, you’ve brushed aside your own needs.
(818) 654-4163 View (818) 654-4163
Photo of Toni Parker, PhD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Toni Parker
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
I am committed to providing you with the knowledge, practices, new science, exercises and tools it takes to create and sustain connected, fun loving, thriving, personal and professional relationships. I also work with anxiety, depression, and I teach mindfulness and meditation to my clients when I feel it is appropriate.. I am also a certified Gottman Therapist and highly experienced in working with couples dealing with affairs, trauma, communication issues, sexuality and having the same discussion over and over that constantly leads to conflict.. I also work with couples trying to navigate parenting issues as well.
I am committed to providing you with the knowledge, practices, new science, exercises and tools it takes to create and sustain connected, fun loving, thriving, personal and professional relationships. I also work with anxiety, depression, and I teach mindfulness and meditation to my clients when I feel it is appropriate.. I am also a certified Gottman Therapist and highly experienced in working with couples dealing with affairs, trauma, communication issues, sexuality and having the same discussion over and over that constantly leads to conflict.. I also work with couples trying to navigate parenting issues as well.
(818) 860-7243 View (818) 860-7243
Photo of Ken Goodman - Anxiety & OCD Treatment of Los Angeles, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Anxiety & OCD Treatment of Los Angeles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
My name is Ken Goodman and I am passionate about helping adults, teens, and children conquer their anxiety, OCD, fears, phobias, panic attacks, compulsions, worry, trauma, and depression. In my 30 plus years working with patients, I have been a part of the most amazing transformations. Check out the success stories at KenGoodmanTherapy.com as well as the free self-help audios, articles, webinars, and videos. Don't put off getting help. You can get better. There's no reason to suffer.
My name is Ken Goodman and I am passionate about helping adults, teens, and children conquer their anxiety, OCD, fears, phobias, panic attacks, compulsions, worry, trauma, and depression. In my 30 plus years working with patients, I have been a part of the most amazing transformations. Check out the success stories at KenGoodmanTherapy.com as well as the free self-help audios, articles, webinars, and videos. Don't put off getting help. You can get better. There's no reason to suffer.
(818) 835-5105 View (818) 835-5105
Photo of Jen Rosen, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jen Rosen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
Welcome! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist (LMFT# 125267). The focus of my practice is working with individuals, couples and families who are seeking growth, a deeper sense of purpose, who want to improve their overall quality of life and enhance and transform their relationships. I believe that therapy can be a wonderful tool to promote this self-exploration, healing and growth and I hope to help you in this process. My style is open, direct and at times, eclectic. I provide a warm, safe environment to discuss concerns and challenges. I work with clients to together build customizable goals and an actionable plan.
Welcome! I am a Licensed Marriage and Family therapist (LMFT# 125267). The focus of my practice is working with individuals, couples and families who are seeking growth, a deeper sense of purpose, who want to improve their overall quality of life and enhance and transform their relationships. I believe that therapy can be a wonderful tool to promote this self-exploration, healing and growth and I hope to help you in this process. My style is open, direct and at times, eclectic. I provide a warm, safe environment to discuss concerns and challenges. I work with clients to together build customizable goals and an actionable plan.
(747) 204-3193 View (747) 204-3193
Photo of Judith Sherwin -  Dr. Judith Sherwin, PsyD, Marriage & Family Therapist
Dr. Judith Sherwin
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91316  (Online Only)
Would you like to go from having Problems to finding Solutions? I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help you quickly move from being stressed and stuck to being unstressed and unstuck, especially with managing anxiety. Brief (1-2 page) optional self-help lessons are available to expedite your progress as well as teaching you other techniques that are useful in relieving symptoms of emotional chaos. How would you like your life to look? I'd like to be of help.
Would you like to go from having Problems to finding Solutions? I primarily use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help you quickly move from being stressed and stuck to being unstressed and unstuck, especially with managing anxiety. Brief (1-2 page) optional self-help lessons are available to expedite your progress as well as teaching you other techniques that are useful in relieving symptoms of emotional chaos. How would you like your life to look? I'd like to be of help.
(818) 789-1292 View (818) 789-1292
Photo of Dr. Kathleen E. Slijepcevic, PhD, MFT, MA, Psychologist
Dr. Kathleen E. Slijepcevic
Psychologist, PhD, MFT, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91316
Finding a psychologist who works well for you or your family takes courage and determination! So pat yourself on the back that you are taking that difficult first step. I am a dually licensed Clinical Psychologist and Marriage and Family Therapist practicing the last 25 years with adults, children, and adolescents, specializing in the family, couples, and the individual. I treat my patients with compassion, confidentiality and understanding. If you have tried to feel better and find yourself still struggling, then please contact a health professional and start healing today.
Finding a psychologist who works well for you or your family takes courage and determination! So pat yourself on the back that you are taking that difficult first step. I am a dually licensed Clinical Psychologist and Marriage and Family Therapist practicing the last 25 years with adults, children, and adolescents, specializing in the family, couples, and the individual. I treat my patients with compassion, confidentiality and understanding. If you have tried to feel better and find yourself still struggling, then please contact a health professional and start healing today.
(661) 426-2290 View (661) 426-2290
Photo of Leonel Gonzalez, MS, AMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Leonel Gonzalez
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
Are you looking for a direct and supportive approach to healing and achieving personal goals based on your current situation? My name is Leonel Gonzalez, or Leo, as many call me. I bring a unique blend of strength, dedication, and empathy to every session, forming the bedrock of your healing journey. With a background rooted in service, I am here to meet you exactly where you are. Whether you’re grappling with trauma, anxiety or navigating complex family dynamics, my commitment to supporting you shines through.
Are you looking for a direct and supportive approach to healing and achieving personal goals based on your current situation? My name is Leonel Gonzalez, or Leo, as many call me. I bring a unique blend of strength, dedication, and empathy to every session, forming the bedrock of your healing journey. With a background rooted in service, I am here to meet you exactly where you are. Whether you’re grappling with trauma, anxiety or navigating complex family dynamics, my commitment to supporting you shines through.
(747) 281-2668 View (747) 281-2668
Photo of Melissa M Shepherd-Williams, MA, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Melissa M Shepherd-Williams
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
As a constantly busy person not tending to yourself because of a tradition of putting yourself last, it can be challenging to pause or ask for help. Something, finally, brought you to a halt and you are starting to give yourself permission to welcome support. I offer my enthusiasm to partner in your journey of identifying strengths, growing from challenges, and building on them. A multicultural background and experience working with clients of diverse narratives and identities helps me to remain open to your point of view. I have an extensive history working within the arts community with children, adolescents, and adults.
As a constantly busy person not tending to yourself because of a tradition of putting yourself last, it can be challenging to pause or ask for help. Something, finally, brought you to a halt and you are starting to give yourself permission to welcome support. I offer my enthusiasm to partner in your journey of identifying strengths, growing from challenges, and building on them. A multicultural background and experience working with clients of diverse narratives and identities helps me to remain open to your point of view. I have an extensive history working within the arts community with children, adolescents, and adults.
(747) 215-3640 View (747) 215-3640
Photo of Dr. John F. Robison, PhD, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Dr. John F. Robison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91416  (Online Only)
I provide a safe, supportive relationship where you can explore issues and grow without judgment. I draw from several psychotherapeutic approaches and use what clients are comfortable with yet challenged by such as: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, Attachment theory, Psychodynamic therapy, group psychotherapy, existential/spiritual exploration, mindfulness meditation and addiction relapse prevention and recovery. I only see clients by video. I find it just as effective as face-to-face and you have the comfort of home and no traffic.
I provide a safe, supportive relationship where you can explore issues and grow without judgment. I draw from several psychotherapeutic approaches and use what clients are comfortable with yet challenged by such as: Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, Attachment theory, Psychodynamic therapy, group psychotherapy, existential/spiritual exploration, mindfulness meditation and addiction relapse prevention and recovery. I only see clients by video. I find it just as effective as face-to-face and you have the comfort of home and no traffic.
(949) 313-2652 View (949) 313-2652
Photo of Niles D Willits-Spolin, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Niles D Willits-Spolin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
I take time to know my clients in the total context of their lives, not just their diagnosis and symptoms. I build comfortable, in-depth professional relationships with great safety and trust by focusing on what matters to my clients and tracking our work, session to session. This working part of therapy is about co-investigating beliefs, patterns of thinking and behaving, clarifying personal values and practicing new skills and ways of being. I am direct and lend accurate guidance to help clients take planned steps. Many clients are awe-inspired by their capacities to reflect and create change in their lives. This is powerful!
I take time to know my clients in the total context of their lives, not just their diagnosis and symptoms. I build comfortable, in-depth professional relationships with great safety and trust by focusing on what matters to my clients and tracking our work, session to session. This working part of therapy is about co-investigating beliefs, patterns of thinking and behaving, clarifying personal values and practicing new skills and ways of being. I am direct and lend accurate guidance to help clients take planned steps. Many clients are awe-inspired by their capacities to reflect and create change in their lives. This is powerful!
(818) 814-6756 View (818) 814-6756
Photo of Dr. Irit Solomon Bernstein, PsyD, Psychologist
Dr. Irit Solomon Bernstein
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436  (Online Only)
My focus is to help you heal, feel energized, and become aware of your inner strengths. This is achieved by providing a safe space where you can examine and process thoughts and feelings that are often difficult to share with others.
My focus is to help you heal, feel energized, and become aware of your inner strengths. This is achieved by providing a safe space where you can examine and process thoughts and feelings that are often difficult to share with others.
(747) 318-5918 View (747) 318-5918
Photo of Raquel Molina, LCSW , Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Raquel Molina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Encino, CA 91436
If you're looking for guidance with anxiety, fears, trauma, or postpartum and maternal mental health, it takes courage to ask for help. Admitting you can't do everything on your own, is the first step toward achieving wellness in a fast paced, demanding world. Take comfort in knowing that you found a therapist that cares about your emotional wellbeing.
If you're looking for guidance with anxiety, fears, trauma, or postpartum and maternal mental health, it takes courage to ask for help. Admitting you can't do everything on your own, is the first step toward achieving wellness in a fast paced, demanding world. Take comfort in knowing that you found a therapist that cares about your emotional wellbeing.
(818) 619-2486 View (818) 619-2486
Photo of Malena Ally, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Malena Ally
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91436
Hello! I work with tweens, teens, and millennials to help them go from isolation, sadness, dropping grades, excessive worry and difficulty managing life/family stress to feeling more confident, happier, able to manage school/life, hanging out with friends on the weekends, and deeper relationships with family. I love working with people who feel like they just don't fit in and helping them to find that confidence to be themselves. I also love helping people to connect more to their friends and/or family and to build those natural support systems.
Hello! I work with tweens, teens, and millennials to help them go from isolation, sadness, dropping grades, excessive worry and difficulty managing life/family stress to feeling more confident, happier, able to manage school/life, hanging out with friends on the weekends, and deeper relationships with family. I love working with people who feel like they just don't fit in and helping them to find that confidence to be themselves. I also love helping people to connect more to their friends and/or family and to build those natural support systems.
(661) 367-8464 View (661) 367-8464
Photo of Jordanne Stacy, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Jordanne Stacy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Encino, CA 91316  (Online Only)
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, panic attacks, addiction, relationship struggles, or generally missing something in life? Feeling stuck in an endless cycle of procrastination, fears about the uncertainty of the future, or guilt, shame and resentments from the past? If so, you are not alone! Many people spend their entire lives in this mental and emotional agony and that doesn't have to be you! Overcoming these challenges can be difficult on your own, working with a licensed professional may save you years of learning by trial and error. You can overcome and balance the emotional and behavioral impediments in your life.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, panic attacks, addiction, relationship struggles, or generally missing something in life? Feeling stuck in an endless cycle of procrastination, fears about the uncertainty of the future, or guilt, shame and resentments from the past? If so, you are not alone! Many people spend their entire lives in this mental and emotional agony and that doesn't have to be you! Overcoming these challenges can be difficult on your own, working with a licensed professional may save you years of learning by trial and error. You can overcome and balance the emotional and behavioral impediments in your life.
(818) 650-3552 View (818) 650-3552

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Encino, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$195

Therapists in Encino, CA who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
87% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
70% Coping Skills
68% Trauma and PTSD
64% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
58% Cigna and Evernorth
48% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Encino, CA see their clients

71% In Person and Online
29% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Encino?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.