Therapists in Fort Collins, CO
Restoration Family Therapy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, S-PSB
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals, couples, families, and groups around psychosocial and medical health issues. I am a Colorado and Washington State Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, and a Clinical Fellow and Approved Supervisor in the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. The psychosocial conditions I provide treatment for include: addictions/compulsions, anxiety and depression, abuse and trauma, marriage/relationship issues, health and wellness, spirituality/faith issues, identity development issues, and sexuality. I believe a biopsychosocial-spiritual approach to health is the most comprehensive method of treatment.
I work with individuals, couples, families, and groups around psychosocial and medical health issues. I am a Colorado and Washington State Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, and a Clinical Fellow and Approved Supervisor in the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy. The psychosocial conditions I provide treatment for include: addictions/compulsions, anxiety and depression, abuse and trauma, marriage/relationship issues, health and wellness, spirituality/faith issues, identity development issues, and sexuality. I believe a biopsychosocial-spiritual approach to health is the most comprehensive method of treatment.
Lexi Smiley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CSW
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80526 (Online Only)
All of us are learning to walk through life with more confidence, curiosity, and compassion every day. Therapy can provide support and resources to do this alongside a caring professional. From adjusting to life transitions and managing stress and anxiety to trauma work and executive dysfunction, I offer a collaborative and evidence-based approach to therapy where we work together to achieve your unique goals. My clinical expertise centralizes on ADHD/ASD, trauma, addiction, codependency, and OCD.
All of us are learning to walk through life with more confidence, curiosity, and compassion every day. Therapy can provide support and resources to do this alongside a caring professional. From adjusting to life transitions and managing stress and anxiety to trauma work and executive dysfunction, I offer a collaborative and evidence-based approach to therapy where we work together to achieve your unique goals. My clinical expertise centralizes on ADHD/ASD, trauma, addiction, codependency, and OCD.
Lindsey Williams
Clinical Social Work Candidate, MSW, PhD
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80528
Hello, my name is Dr. Lindsey Williams and I am thrilled to be starting this therapeutic journey with you. My philosophy has always been that you know your situation and what’s best for you better than anyone. I’m simply here to help guide you and support you during this difficult time of your life or even transformative time. I previously specialized in victim advocacy work for multiple police departments in Adams county helping victims of crime in guiding, supporting and empowering individuals and families during a very difficult time in their life.
Hello, my name is Dr. Lindsey Williams and I am thrilled to be starting this therapeutic journey with you. My philosophy has always been that you know your situation and what’s best for you better than anyone. I’m simply here to help guide you and support you during this difficult time of your life or even transformative time. I previously specialized in victim advocacy work for multiple police departments in Adams county helping victims of crime in guiding, supporting and empowering individuals and families during a very difficult time in their life.
Kathleen Walsh
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80521 (Online Only)
Tele-therapy sessions are available throughout Colorado and California. As a somatic therapist specializing in trauma and relationship issues, I am devoted to helping clients heal and integrate the mind/body/spirit connection and to experience the deeper meanings and intentions of their life. I provide a warm, compassionate space for inner exploration so clients feel seen and accepted. Transformation and healing are then possible. I am a certified Brainspotting therapist.
Tele-therapy sessions are available throughout Colorado and California. As a somatic therapist specializing in trauma and relationship issues, I am devoted to helping clients heal and integrate the mind/body/spirit connection and to experience the deeper meanings and intentions of their life. I provide a warm, compassionate space for inner exploration so clients feel seen and accepted. Transformation and healing are then possible. I am a certified Brainspotting therapist.
Jonathan Lee
Marriage and Family Therapist Candidate, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Jonathan operates from the belief that there is hope to be found in any situation, and focuses on identifying and fostering this hope. Jonathan is skilled in working alongside individuals, couples and families in navigating the complex nature of interpersonal relationships, as well as the relationships that his clients have with themselves. He gently supports clients in identifying the wounded parts of themselves that lie to them about what they are capable of.
Jonathan operates from the belief that there is hope to be found in any situation, and focuses on identifying and fostering this hope. Jonathan is skilled in working alongside individuals, couples and families in navigating the complex nature of interpersonal relationships, as well as the relationships that his clients have with themselves. He gently supports clients in identifying the wounded parts of themselves that lie to them about what they are capable of.
Veronica Chulata-Castinado
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80526
Asking for support can be difficult and intimidating. It’s important to find the right fit between client and therapist. I create a therapeutic environment that is client directed and immediately focuses on the goals that you want to achieve. My agenda is YOUR agenda, and we will move at the pace you desire! I believe everyone’s life is just that… their life and no one else’s. While we often cannot control the cards we are dealt, we can learn to determine and control how we respond to them and what decisions we make with them.
Asking for support can be difficult and intimidating. It’s important to find the right fit between client and therapist. I create a therapeutic environment that is client directed and immediately focuses on the goals that you want to achieve. My agenda is YOUR agenda, and we will move at the pace you desire! I believe everyone’s life is just that… their life and no one else’s. While we often cannot control the cards we are dealt, we can learn to determine and control how we respond to them and what decisions we make with them.
Ashley Amsden
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80521 (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Within the depths of healing lies the extraordinary resilience of the human spirit. Dealing with trauma can have a profound impact on our lives, shaping our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in ways that can feel overwhelming and disruptive. Whether you've experienced a specific event or have been carrying the weight of accumulated life challenges, the effects of trauma can be far-reaching and deeply ingrained. However, seeking therapy can be a powerful step towards healing, growth, and reclaiming control over your life.
Within the depths of healing lies the extraordinary resilience of the human spirit. Dealing with trauma can have a profound impact on our lives, shaping our emotions, thoughts, and behaviors in ways that can feel overwhelming and disruptive. Whether you've experienced a specific event or have been carrying the weight of accumulated life challenges, the effects of trauma can be far-reaching and deeply ingrained. However, seeking therapy can be a powerful step towards healing, growth, and reclaiming control over your life.
Your Life Counseling and Coaching
Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80526
COUNSELING and COACHING - it's a powerful 21st century approach, with tremendous therapeutic benefits and real world results. People frequently report, my therapist stares at me, and says or does nothing. This is classic 20th century therapy (it's old, and moderately effective). Our clients do not pay us to sit and do nothing - they pay us to work as a team; making you the best you. Feel free to read client testimonials, and learn more about our services at: www.yourlifecounseling.com
COUNSELING and COACHING - it's a powerful 21st century approach, with tremendous therapeutic benefits and real world results. People frequently report, my therapist stares at me, and says or does nothing. This is classic 20th century therapy (it's old, and moderately effective). Our clients do not pay us to sit and do nothing - they pay us to work as a team; making you the best you. Feel free to read client testimonials, and learn more about our services at: www.yourlifecounseling.com
Maggie Marie Kelleher
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPCC
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80528
Going to your first counseling session can be scary, and my goal is to help you feel comfortable and let you know that I am listening. I focus on helping clients work through cognitive distortions and negative thought patterns. I believe that every person deserves a chance to tell their story, to know that they are heard and that their story matters. I take a holistic approach to counseling, considering the many physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional aspects of a person’s health. I am excited to work with clients of all demographics and I bring a considerable amount of life experience to the counseling field.
Going to your first counseling session can be scary, and my goal is to help you feel comfortable and let you know that I am listening. I focus on helping clients work through cognitive distortions and negative thought patterns. I believe that every person deserves a chance to tell their story, to know that they are heard and that their story matters. I take a holistic approach to counseling, considering the many physical, mental, spiritual, and emotional aspects of a person’s health. I am excited to work with clients of all demographics and I bring a considerable amount of life experience to the counseling field.
Phil Hartwick
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80525
As humans, we are always changing. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, and couples who are ready to take charge of their own change; those who want to ensure that they are getting closer to the best version of themselves. Too often, we feel that the world has taken control over us, and our story is being written for us. However, I do not believe that this has to be the case; you CAN take back your life, and I am excited to partner with you on that journey!
As humans, we are always changing. I specialize in working with adolescents, adults, and couples who are ready to take charge of their own change; those who want to ensure that they are getting closer to the best version of themselves. Too often, we feel that the world has taken control over us, and our story is being written for us. However, I do not believe that this has to be the case; you CAN take back your life, and I am excited to partner with you on that journey!
Shannon Denny
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFTC
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
I create a safe and confidential space for patients to explore feelings and to help realize their full potential. I offer in-person or teletherapy sessions to children, adolescents, individuals, and families in a safe and non-judgemental environment.
I create a safe and confidential space for patients to explore feelings and to help realize their full potential. I offer in-person or teletherapy sessions to children, adolescents, individuals, and families in a safe and non-judgemental environment.
15 Second Videos
Maggie Marie Kelleher
Phil Hartwick
Tessa Smith
Yesim Saldivia
Lindsey Phillips
Beth O'Brien
Nicholas Moon
Dr. Tasha Seiter, MS, PhD, LMFT
Sara Hunter
Kirsten Bell
Aspen Therapy And Wellness - Ashlyn Doty
Trisha Dittrick
Hannah Dorsher
Joshua Emery
Khristie Kendall
Couples and Child Therapist Eva Belzil, MS, MFTC
Jennie Jergerian
Aaron Hill
Stacey Fitzpatrick
John Jurica
Faith Nielsen - Certified Trauma Specialist
Wholehearted Counseling- Grace Patterson
Hayden Ahlbrandt
John Rowe (He-Him)
Dan Turnbeaugh
Shaylea Chadwick
Leigh Reineke
Margaret FitzGerald Counseling and Consulting
Dorothy Haruyama
Kate Newton
Chelsea O'Connor
Vanessa Felhauer
Claire Joy Jobe
Emily Altman
Carli Standen
Angi Brown, LLC
Anne Maxwell
Maddi Jones
Heather Griffith
Alison Hartman
Michael Sousa
Ben Smith
Rachel Eby - Psychologist
Laura Garrett
Mallory Hislar
Madrid Mitton
Charlotte McKernan
Jennifer Concienne
Kyreija Lamothe
Kaylei Kazuko Ernster
Tara Doudy
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80525 (Online Only)
My ideal client is a teen, adult or couple who is self aware, motivated, and is either curious or committed to doing the work necessary to start their healing journey. They may be someone who has learned a behavior to cope with trauma, like substance use or an eating disorder for example, and are discovering that tool is no longer serving them. Perhaps they notice the way they have been living is in alignment with someone else's values rather than their own. My goal as a therapist is to bring to their attention ideas and feedback that provides a new perspective that guides my clients to a more empowered way of life.
My ideal client is a teen, adult or couple who is self aware, motivated, and is either curious or committed to doing the work necessary to start their healing journey. They may be someone who has learned a behavior to cope with trauma, like substance use or an eating disorder for example, and are discovering that tool is no longer serving them. Perhaps they notice the way they have been living is in alignment with someone else's values rather than their own. My goal as a therapist is to bring to their attention ideas and feedback that provides a new perspective that guides my clients to a more empowered way of life.
Hannah Hinchsliff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
Hannah Hinchsliff is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Colorado who has been practicing since 2018. She obtained her Master's Degree in Social Work from the University of Denver with a focus on mental health and family systems therapy. Hannah has experience working with adults, adolescents, and children in a variety of settings. She has worked with individuals and families, individuals in the legal system struggling with substance use and mental health needs and individuals with TBI's. Hannah's approach when working with children and adolescents involves games, psychoeducation, and skill building.
Hannah Hinchsliff is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Colorado who has been practicing since 2018. She obtained her Master's Degree in Social Work from the University of Denver with a focus on mental health and family systems therapy. Hannah has experience working with adults, adolescents, and children in a variety of settings. She has worked with individuals and families, individuals in the legal system struggling with substance use and mental health needs and individuals with TBI's. Hannah's approach when working with children and adolescents involves games, psychoeducation, and skill building.
Tessa Smith
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80526
“I feel confused and lost in my own life...” “My partner and I are having a hard time connecting with each other...” “I am not sure I know how to handle this change in my life...” “I want to learn more about myself...” Unsure of what to do next? Choosing to start therapy can be overwhelming but I believe that one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your story. My hope is to create a space of safety to foster vulnerability and healing where you can take risks, try new skills and strategies, and attend to parts of yourself that need nurturing.
“I feel confused and lost in my own life...” “My partner and I are having a hard time connecting with each other...” “I am not sure I know how to handle this change in my life...” “I want to learn more about myself...” Unsure of what to do next? Choosing to start therapy can be overwhelming but I believe that one of the bravest things you can do is begin to understand your story. My hope is to create a space of safety to foster vulnerability and healing where you can take risks, try new skills and strategies, and attend to parts of yourself that need nurturing.
Yesim Saldivia
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, EMDR II
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
Do you feel stuck and overwhelmed? Are you a woman wearing multiple hats trying to find balance and peace in your life, while also striving to live up to society's unrealistic standards? Maybe you notice that your relationships are suffering, you're consumed by anxiety and are unsure of how you want to show up in this life? I help women like you identify the root causes of your pain so you can live your most authentic and fulfilling life. I use a holistic approach that includes therapeutic modalities that center our nervous system in addition to our thoughts and feelings.
Do you feel stuck and overwhelmed? Are you a woman wearing multiple hats trying to find balance and peace in your life, while also striving to live up to society's unrealistic standards? Maybe you notice that your relationships are suffering, you're consumed by anxiety and are unsure of how you want to show up in this life? I help women like you identify the root causes of your pain so you can live your most authentic and fulfilling life. I use a holistic approach that includes therapeutic modalities that center our nervous system in addition to our thoughts and feelings.
Danielle Blackburn
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
I believe that through genuine connection, trust, and safety, there will be healing. I am trained in EMDR therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Addiction Counseling, and Systemic Therapy. Above all, however, I am a Person-Centered Therapist. I will use a unique and specialized approach with each individual. Whatever the reason you are seeking support, know that it is a valid one. Contact me for a free phone consultation to discuss how I can best support you today. Link for EMDR information: https://www.emdria.org/about-emdr-therapy/
I believe that through genuine connection, trust, and safety, there will be healing. I am trained in EMDR therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, Addiction Counseling, and Systemic Therapy. Above all, however, I am a Person-Centered Therapist. I will use a unique and specialized approach with each individual. Whatever the reason you are seeking support, know that it is a valid one. Contact me for a free phone consultation to discuss how I can best support you today. Link for EMDR information: https://www.emdria.org/about-emdr-therapy/
Lindsey Phillips
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80525
I help people who experience depression and anxiety find relief. You’re not sure how it happened, but there they are-those dark feelings you can’t shake. You may be feeling unmotivated and down. You may feel overwhelmed and plagued with constant fears and worries. You may be having a hard time at work or school/college. You don’t feel good enough and your relationships are suffering. These problems feel daunting, but you’re ready to make a change.
I help people who experience depression and anxiety find relief. You’re not sure how it happened, but there they are-those dark feelings you can’t shake. You may be feeling unmotivated and down. You may feel overwhelmed and plagued with constant fears and worries. You may be having a hard time at work or school/college. You don’t feel good enough and your relationships are suffering. These problems feel daunting, but you’re ready to make a change.
Becky Lindsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
Want to Sleep Better? It is estimated that about 10-30% of the general population experiences some form of insomnia. CBT-I is a holistic approach to managing insomnia that empowers individuals to take an active role in improving their sleep. It's recommended by healthcare professionals as a first-line treatment for chronic insomnia and has been shown to be highly effective in clinical studies in getting clients back to sleep. CBT-I is the recommended first line treatment for chronic insomnia and sleep issues. Let us help you fix your sleep.
Want to Sleep Better? It is estimated that about 10-30% of the general population experiences some form of insomnia. CBT-I is a holistic approach to managing insomnia that empowers individuals to take an active role in improving their sleep. It's recommended by healthcare professionals as a first-line treatment for chronic insomnia and has been shown to be highly effective in clinical studies in getting clients back to sleep. CBT-I is the recommended first line treatment for chronic insomnia and sleep issues. Let us help you fix your sleep.
Colorado Center for Couples and Families
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fort Collins, CO 80524
OFFICES IN DENVER AND FORT COLLINS. From couples wanting a better connection, to those trying to overcome infidelity and other relationship injuries, I will, in a non-judgemental compassionate manner, help you learn a more authentic way of communicating that can result in increased intimacy and stronger bonds that continue improving well beyond the end of therapy. My method of couples treatment is Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT). A short term structured approach, EFT is extensively researched with studies showing 70% to 75% of couples move from distress to recovery, often accompanied by decreased symptoms of other mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
OFFICES IN DENVER AND FORT COLLINS. From couples wanting a better connection, to those trying to overcome infidelity and other relationship injuries, I will, in a non-judgemental compassionate manner, help you learn a more authentic way of communicating that can result in increased intimacy and stronger bonds that continue improving well beyond the end of therapy. My method of couples treatment is Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT). A short term structured approach, EFT is extensively researched with studies showing 70% to 75% of couples move from distress to recovery, often accompanied by decreased symptoms of other mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD.
Alex Murphy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LAC, ADS
Verified Verified
Fort Collins, CO 80525
You matter and your unique story matters. Together we will work to unearth the issues contributing to your pain and chart a path forward. Along the way we'll also discover your strengths that will aid you in healing. Depression, anxiety, and other issues are not the end of the road. There is hope and we will work toward that hope.
You matter and your unique story matters. Together we will work to unearth the issues contributing to your pain and chart a path forward. Along the way we'll also discover your strengths that will aid you in healing. Depression, anxiety, and other issues are not the end of the road. There is hope and we will work toward that hope.
See more therapy options for Fort Collins
Nearby Searches for Fort Collins
See More TherapistsHow does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Fort Collins, CO
1,000+
Average cost per session
$140
Therapists in Fort Collins, CO who prioritize treating:
93% | Anxiety |
88% | Depression |
80% | Relationship Issues |
79% | Trauma and PTSD |
76% | Self Esteem |
67% | Stress |
67% | Life Transitions |
Average years in practice
10 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
82% | Aetna |
75% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
73% | Cigna and Evernorth |
How Therapists in Fort Collins, CO see their clients
75% | In Person and Online | |
25% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
76% | Female | |
22% | Male | |
2% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Fort Collins?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.