Therapists in San Diego, CA

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Photo of Kate Bennett, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Kate Bennett
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
Life can present us with many difficult challenges and transitions. I enjoy assisting my clients in improving their relationships, adjusting to life's changes and transitions, and improving stress management abilities. I provide a safe environment in which people can explore options and work towards self-empowerment, growth and resolution of their issues. I use a combination of solution-focused approaches to help people attain their personal goals and resolve trauma.
Life can present us with many difficult challenges and transitions. I enjoy assisting my clients in improving their relationships, adjusting to life's changes and transitions, and improving stress management abilities. I provide a safe environment in which people can explore options and work towards self-empowerment, growth and resolution of their issues. I use a combination of solution-focused approaches to help people attain their personal goals and resolve trauma.
(619) 823-0204 View (619) 823-0204
Photo of Robyn Shapiro, LMFT, RN, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Robyn Shapiro, LMFT, RN
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RN
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92130  (Online Only)
Does anxiety affect your ability to concentrate? Do you struggle with negative self-talk, self-criticism, regret for what you should or shouldn’t have done? Do you frequently compare yourself to others, & come up short? The stress of day-to-day life can become overwhelming & lead us to feel anxious & disconnected from ourselves, & our most essential relationships. We become exhausted, trying to manage work, family, friendships; only to find that we’ve neglected ourselves and our own needs. Let's work together to heal your past unresolved trauma, old wounds, gain clarity, achieve a sense of calm, & the confidence for you to thrive.
Does anxiety affect your ability to concentrate? Do you struggle with negative self-talk, self-criticism, regret for what you should or shouldn’t have done? Do you frequently compare yourself to others, & come up short? The stress of day-to-day life can become overwhelming & lead us to feel anxious & disconnected from ourselves, & our most essential relationships. We become exhausted, trying to manage work, family, friendships; only to find that we’ve neglected ourselves and our own needs. Let's work together to heal your past unresolved trauma, old wounds, gain clarity, achieve a sense of calm, & the confidence for you to thrive.
(760) 227-7891 View (760) 227-7891
Photo of Mary Jerome, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Mary Jerome
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92116  (Online Only)
If you struggle with emotional problems like grief, anxiety and depression, or behavioral issues such as anger management, I can help you build the skills needed for you to overcome these challenges. You don't have to feel the way you do forever. I can teach you strategies to help you manage your stress, improve your moods and communicate effectively. You can take the steps to improve the quality of your life by allowing me to guide you through the process of change. I’ll help you find emotional freedom, think more positively, act more calmly, and enjoy the confidence that comes with learning how to master your emotions.
If you struggle with emotional problems like grief, anxiety and depression, or behavioral issues such as anger management, I can help you build the skills needed for you to overcome these challenges. You don't have to feel the way you do forever. I can teach you strategies to help you manage your stress, improve your moods and communicate effectively. You can take the steps to improve the quality of your life by allowing me to guide you through the process of change. I’ll help you find emotional freedom, think more positively, act more calmly, and enjoy the confidence that comes with learning how to master your emotions.
(619) 432-3537 x8 View (619) 432-3537 x8
Photo of Leona Esmaeily, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Leona Esmaeily
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92103
Do you feel anxious due to your work, family issues, low self-esteem, and relationship issues? I can especially help those with anxiety/panic attacks. I make it a priority to help clients with buried feelings who have trouble speaking on their emotions. Communicating emotionally is extremely important to promote well-rounded and mature adults. I will help you enhance your self-awareness around unhelpful thought and behavior patterns and build skills necessary to handle life more effectively and develop actionable steps to reach your goals.
Do you feel anxious due to your work, family issues, low self-esteem, and relationship issues? I can especially help those with anxiety/panic attacks. I make it a priority to help clients with buried feelings who have trouble speaking on their emotions. Communicating emotionally is extremely important to promote well-rounded and mature adults. I will help you enhance your self-awareness around unhelpful thought and behavior patterns and build skills necessary to handle life more effectively and develop actionable steps to reach your goals.
(213) 322-1963 View (213) 322-1963
Photo of Jessica Salzmann, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Diego, CA
Jessica Salzmann
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92131
I'm here to provide a safe and understanding space for your healing journey. With a focus on cultural sensitivity and a trauma-informed approach, I aim to honor your unique experiences and background. Together, we'll explore the complexities of your challenges and work collaboratively to navigate them in a way that respects your cultural values and personal authenticity.
I'm here to provide a safe and understanding space for your healing journey. With a focus on cultural sensitivity and a trauma-informed approach, I aim to honor your unique experiences and background. Together, we'll explore the complexities of your challenges and work collaboratively to navigate them in a way that respects your cultural values and personal authenticity.
(858) 251-7103 View (858) 251-7103
Photo of Julie Lynn Paavola, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Julie Lynn Paavola
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, LMHC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92121
Welcome to Creative Endeavors Counseling and Art Therapy! I am here to support you in the creative endeavor of life. I believe each person has healing potential within themselves. Just as our bodies heal from a cut, under the right conditions, our psyche/soul can heal and thrive. It requires us to work together to foster meaning, purpose and new life through therapy which I call a "creative endeavor." Together we form a compassionate partnership to explore who you are, your goals, hopes and dreams, in a safe, non-judgmental space.
Welcome to Creative Endeavors Counseling and Art Therapy! I am here to support you in the creative endeavor of life. I believe each person has healing potential within themselves. Just as our bodies heal from a cut, under the right conditions, our psyche/soul can heal and thrive. It requires us to work together to foster meaning, purpose and new life through therapy which I call a "creative endeavor." Together we form a compassionate partnership to explore who you are, your goals, hopes and dreams, in a safe, non-judgmental space.
(619) 329-9571 View (619) 329-9571
Photo of Erin Chan, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Erin Chan
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
You have so much wisdom and resilience within you. I'm here to highlight your strengths, as well as provide tools and support when life is overwhelming, sticky, and difficult to navigate. I strive to truly connect and attune to who you are so you can slow down with your emotions, recalibrate, and mindfully reframe and create change in your life. I am proud to be an Asian-American therapist who understands the impact that our unique social identities have on our lived experiences and mental health. It's my priority that you feel seen and can find peace, fulfillment, and hope - individually, as well as in your relationships.
You have so much wisdom and resilience within you. I'm here to highlight your strengths, as well as provide tools and support when life is overwhelming, sticky, and difficult to navigate. I strive to truly connect and attune to who you are so you can slow down with your emotions, recalibrate, and mindfully reframe and create change in your life. I am proud to be an Asian-American therapist who understands the impact that our unique social identities have on our lived experiences and mental health. It's my priority that you feel seen and can find peace, fulfillment, and hope - individually, as well as in your relationships.
(619) 704-7198 View (619) 704-7198
Photo of Jessy Salloum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jessy Salloum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92114
My name is Jessy Salloum, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 5 years of experience providing clinical services, specializing in adult clients. Using a strengths-based approach, I work collaboratively with clients to identify their clinical goals. I'm passionate about helping others in a way that will best work for them by utilizing a personalized approach to their treatment planning. I have experience working with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, chronic pain, caregiver stress, and adjustment/life changes.
My name is Jessy Salloum, I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) with 5 years of experience providing clinical services, specializing in adult clients. Using a strengths-based approach, I work collaboratively with clients to identify their clinical goals. I'm passionate about helping others in a way that will best work for them by utilizing a personalized approach to their treatment planning. I have experience working with a variety of concerns including anxiety, depression, anger, trauma, chronic pain, caregiver stress, and adjustment/life changes.
(619) 592-7676 View (619) 592-7676
Photo of Jessica Cormier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jessica Cormier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92123
Jessica Cormier is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2018. Jessica provides an empathic and eclectic, person-centered approach to treating individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, and relational challenges. She uses a variety of evidence-based approaches ranging from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing in order to support clients in overcoming challenges and healing from past traumas. Outside of work, Jessica is an avid traveler, amateur nature photographer and baker.
Jessica Cormier is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2018. Jessica provides an empathic and eclectic, person-centered approach to treating individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, and relational challenges. She uses a variety of evidence-based approaches ranging from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, and Motivational Interviewing in order to support clients in overcoming challenges and healing from past traumas. Outside of work, Jessica is an avid traveler, amateur nature photographer and baker.
(858) 346-6541 View (858) 346-6541
Photo of Kara Chilcote, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Kara Chilcote
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92117  (Online Only)
I'm a firm believer humor, hope, and caring are essential components in therapy. My ideal clients are typically adults dealing with everything from anxiety and depression to everyday stressors. I also work in assisting through change of career, divorce, relationship issues, coming out, grief and loss (including pet loss- certified in pet therapy), health related anxiety and anxiety over the aging process; have extensive training/experience working with obesity related issues, including those considering weight loss surgery.
I'm a firm believer humor, hope, and caring are essential components in therapy. My ideal clients are typically adults dealing with everything from anxiety and depression to everyday stressors. I also work in assisting through change of career, divorce, relationship issues, coming out, grief and loss (including pet loss- certified in pet therapy), health related anxiety and anxiety over the aging process; have extensive training/experience working with obesity related issues, including those considering weight loss surgery.
(619) 762-4912 View (619) 762-4912
Photo of Jonathan Baker, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Jonathan Baker
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92138  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have been in the counseling field for over 10 years, working with teens and adults, using evidence-based treatments to address a wide range of issues. I work using a multi-cultural and trauma-informed lens that allows me to understand your individual needs and meet you where you are in your journey. I am committed to providing an inclusive environment for all regardless of age, gender identity, race, health status, national origin, relationship status, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and religion.
I have been in the counseling field for over 10 years, working with teens and adults, using evidence-based treatments to address a wide range of issues. I work using a multi-cultural and trauma-informed lens that allows me to understand your individual needs and meet you where you are in your journey. I am committed to providing an inclusive environment for all regardless of age, gender identity, race, health status, national origin, relationship status, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and religion.
(619) 202-8956 View (619) 202-8956
Photo of Janel J King, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Janel J King
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92105
Are there times when you cannot explain the overwhelming emotions you are experiencing. I enjoy helping those who are seeking change and are motivated to do so. I believe people should always work toward becoming their best selves. I work with individuals, families, children, and adolescents. If your family is suffering from functioning in a loving and happy manner and you cannot figure out where the problem lies, family therapy may be the right choice for you. From learning to function with a new baby, blending, or newly transitioning teenagers, I can help.
Are there times when you cannot explain the overwhelming emotions you are experiencing. I enjoy helping those who are seeking change and are motivated to do so. I believe people should always work toward becoming their best selves. I work with individuals, families, children, and adolescents. If your family is suffering from functioning in a loving and happy manner and you cannot figure out where the problem lies, family therapy may be the right choice for you. From learning to function with a new baby, blending, or newly transitioning teenagers, I can help.
(619) 569-1651 View (619) 569-1651
Photo of Rebecca Zarza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Diego, CA
Rebecca Zarza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92110  (Online Only)
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I will work with you on developing goals to support growth to better living with depression and anxiety. I am a compassionate listener that provides a nonjudgmental space to work through challenges that you may be going through. I specializes in children, youth, and families dealing with depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism, and mood disorders. I have been providing therapeutic services to youth and families since 2009 when I started working in the school system providing therapy to students through there Individual Education Plans, and have expanded to providing individual therapy. .
As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, I will work with you on developing goals to support growth to better living with depression and anxiety. I am a compassionate listener that provides a nonjudgmental space to work through challenges that you may be going through. I specializes in children, youth, and families dealing with depression, anxiety, ADHD, autism, and mood disorders. I have been providing therapeutic services to youth and families since 2009 when I started working in the school system providing therapy to students through there Individual Education Plans, and have expanded to providing individual therapy. .
(562) 512-6794 View (562) 512-6794
Photo of Katie Tone, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Katie Tone
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92123
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who takes an integrative and holistic approach when working with clients. With 20 years of experience, I work with individual adults and couples. I am certified in nutrition and integrative medicine for mental health and am clinically trained as a Complex Trauma Professional. I am also a certified yoga teacher. Specializing in trauma and grief, I work with a wide variety of emotional, interpersonal, and spiritual struggles. I believe helping clients make connections with their mind – body – and spirit, as well as with others creates the path to healing and living their most authentic self.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who takes an integrative and holistic approach when working with clients. With 20 years of experience, I work with individual adults and couples. I am certified in nutrition and integrative medicine for mental health and am clinically trained as a Complex Trauma Professional. I am also a certified yoga teacher. Specializing in trauma and grief, I work with a wide variety of emotional, interpersonal, and spiritual struggles. I believe helping clients make connections with their mind – body – and spirit, as well as with others creates the path to healing and living their most authentic self.
(858) 356-4863 x2 View (858) 356-4863 x2
Photo of Elizabeth 'betsy' Muirhead, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Diego, CA
Elizabeth 'betsy' Muirhead
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92110
Are you in a current life transition or struggling to find your overall purpose? I believe you can create meaningful change by enhancing your understanding of beliefs, patterns, and relational dynamics that no longer benefit you. During our work together, I will utilize evidence-based methods to assist you in developing healthier ways of interacting with yourself and others. My therapeutic approach is diverse, drawing on a range of theoretical frameworks. I will rely on you to be the expert in your own life as I work as an active and attentive guide towards the path of healing and growth.
Are you in a current life transition or struggling to find your overall purpose? I believe you can create meaningful change by enhancing your understanding of beliefs, patterns, and relational dynamics that no longer benefit you. During our work together, I will utilize evidence-based methods to assist you in developing healthier ways of interacting with yourself and others. My therapeutic approach is diverse, drawing on a range of theoretical frameworks. I will rely on you to be the expert in your own life as I work as an active and attentive guide towards the path of healing and growth.
(619) 503-7562 View (619) 503-7562
Photo of Chandra Estelle Khalifian, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Chandra Estelle Khalifian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92109
All couples experience challenges and can get stuck in harmful patterns. However, we can work together to identify those patterns, increase understanding and empathy, and utilize skills to shift communication and improve satisfaction, intimacy, and fun. Your relationship is unique and I will work with you to identify your relationship values and build a relationship that feels safe, supportive, and authentic. Let's create the relationship that works for you and your partner(s).
All couples experience challenges and can get stuck in harmful patterns. However, we can work together to identify those patterns, increase understanding and empathy, and utilize skills to shift communication and improve satisfaction, intimacy, and fun. Your relationship is unique and I will work with you to identify your relationship values and build a relationship that feels safe, supportive, and authentic. Let's create the relationship that works for you and your partner(s).
(619) 639-4746 View (619) 639-4746
Photo of Uri Kugel, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Uri Kugel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92117
Have you been feeling unhappy, unsatisfied, not good enough, or anxious? Is it hard for you to parent your child or communicate with your partner? Do you feel stuck? I am here to give you the space that you need and help you make a significant and long lasting positive change towards success. Contact me today to get started on a better path for you and your loved ones!
Have you been feeling unhappy, unsatisfied, not good enough, or anxious? Is it hard for you to parent your child or communicate with your partner? Do you feel stuck? I am here to give you the space that you need and help you make a significant and long lasting positive change towards success. Contact me today to get started on a better path for you and your loved ones!
(510) 343-7217 View (510) 343-7217
Photo of Sherri Hubbard, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Diego, CA
Sherri Hubbard
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Diego, CA 92110
I am currently have openings to see adults, teens, and children 5 and up. The world is full of stressors and we can all use a little support. Is there something out of balance in either your life or the life of your child? Have life's daily problems become unmanageable? Are you concerned about changes in mood/behavior? Are you wondering if a therapist could help? Through video or in office, you can get to the heart of the matter and start getting some relief. Changing the way you see yourself and your struggles can change everything.
I am currently have openings to see adults, teens, and children 5 and up. The world is full of stressors and we can all use a little support. Is there something out of balance in either your life or the life of your child? Have life's daily problems become unmanageable? Are you concerned about changes in mood/behavior? Are you wondering if a therapist could help? Through video or in office, you can get to the heart of the matter and start getting some relief. Changing the way you see yourself and your struggles can change everything.
(619) 627-1887 View (619) 627-1887
Photo of Dr. Matthew Seitman, Psychologist in San Diego, CA
Dr. Matthew Seitman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92108
I believe in the importance of honoring individual experiences, I work collaboratively with clients to provide individualized mental health care to support authentic living and healing. I ensure that my therapy space is a safe, sex-positive, LGBTIA+, ENM/Polyamory, and Kink affirming.
I believe in the importance of honoring individual experiences, I work collaboratively with clients to provide individualized mental health care to support authentic living and healing. I ensure that my therapy space is a safe, sex-positive, LGBTIA+, ENM/Polyamory, and Kink affirming.
(619) 558-1076 View (619) 558-1076
Photo of Monica Rixon, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Diego, CA
Monica Rixon
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
San Diego, CA 92101
I am an empathetic trauma-informed Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in California. I specialize in Grief, Trauma, and Eating Disorders, having worked with these populations in multiple settings. As you are reading this you may be minimizing various experiences you have had in life. Often, we tend to minimize our experiences as a way of coping with them and the world around us.  While this may have been necessary at some point in life, I am here to support you through the process of looking at those experiences once again and learning how to hold them in a way that you may have not felt was possible.
I am an empathetic trauma-informed Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in California. I specialize in Grief, Trauma, and Eating Disorders, having worked with these populations in multiple settings. As you are reading this you may be minimizing various experiences you have had in life. Often, we tend to minimize our experiences as a way of coping with them and the world around us.  While this may have been necessary at some point in life, I am here to support you through the process of looking at those experiences once again and learning how to hold them in a way that you may have not felt was possible.
(858) 251-8207 View (858) 251-8207

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Diego, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in San Diego, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
71% Self Esteem
66% Relationship Issues
66% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
62% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Aetna
74% Cigna and Evernorth
69% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in San Diego, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Diego?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.