Therapists in Albany, NY

View neighborhoods in Albany
Photo of Raymond J Coppola, Psychologist in Albany, NY
Raymond J Coppola
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12205
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 25 years of clinical experience in support of the wellbeing and deepening of life in individuals from across the lifespan. My work is informed by a rich integration of approaches that allow for attention to mind, heart, body, and spirit; attending to not only the wounds and vulnerabilities of life, but also to its deep promise and potential.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over 25 years of clinical experience in support of the wellbeing and deepening of life in individuals from across the lifespan. My work is informed by a rich integration of approaches that allow for attention to mind, heart, body, and spirit; attending to not only the wounds and vulnerabilities of life, but also to its deep promise and potential.
(518) 504-3864 x115 View (518) 504-3864 x115
Photo of Kayla Ann Carol Bain, Pre-Licensed Professional in Albany, NY
Kayla Ann Carol Bain
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12207  (Online Only)
My name is Kayla Bain and I am a mental health counselor in New York State. The approach to therapy I take is based on the belief that each person is their own unique individual; therefore, everyone's treatment might look different in order to fulfill your own personal goals. I place value in the idea that in order to grow, it is important to share your story. How did your life story make you who you are right now? What do you want your life to look like in the future? As your therapist, i will allow you the space and time to share your story, and together, we will work towards reaching your goals!
My name is Kayla Bain and I am a mental health counselor in New York State. The approach to therapy I take is based on the belief that each person is their own unique individual; therefore, everyone's treatment might look different in order to fulfill your own personal goals. I place value in the idea that in order to grow, it is important to share your story. How did your life story make you who you are right now? What do you want your life to look like in the future? As your therapist, i will allow you the space and time to share your story, and together, we will work towards reaching your goals!
(518) 241-4572 View (518) 241-4572
Photo of Zach Forbes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Zach Forbes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, ACSW, CASAC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12203
Not accepting new clients
Normal is just a setting on your dryer. If you agree with this, then I'm your guy! I don't believe in a "one size fits all" approach. I work collaboratively with individuals to help them achieve the skills and insight they need to successfully navigate through challenges posed by daily stressors, including, but not limited to: relationships, work, school, and physical illness. By providing a holistic approach, I support individuals in achieving their overall health; physically, emotionally, mentally and spiritually. I will respectfully consider your cultural background, religion, and personal beliefs while working together.
Normal is just a setting on your dryer. If you agree with this, then I'm your guy! I don't believe in a "one size fits all" approach. I work collaboratively with individuals to help them achieve the skills and insight they need to successfully navigate through challenges posed by daily stressors, including, but not limited to: relationships, work, school, and physical illness. By providing a holistic approach, I support individuals in achieving their overall health; physically, emotionally, mentally and spiritually. I will respectfully consider your cultural background, religion, and personal beliefs while working together.
(315) 370-4496 View (315) 370-4496
Photo of Anika Dottin-Wilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Anika Dottin-Wilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12205  (Online Only)
I believe you are the main player in your life. Sometimes it may not feel this way, whether it is past experiences, unhelpful habits, or challenges arising in your relationships that seem to be taking the lead. My approach builds on established skills to develop the necessary tools to help you feel in control again. This process can take time, but will help you live the life that you want. Together, we can take time to explore your goals and obstacles, while also getting to know you as a person. You are the expert on your life, so I view therapy as a collaborative team approach that allows me to serve as a supportive guide.
I believe you are the main player in your life. Sometimes it may not feel this way, whether it is past experiences, unhelpful habits, or challenges arising in your relationships that seem to be taking the lead. My approach builds on established skills to develop the necessary tools to help you feel in control again. This process can take time, but will help you live the life that you want. Together, we can take time to explore your goals and obstacles, while also getting to know you as a person. You are the expert on your life, so I view therapy as a collaborative team approach that allows me to serve as a supportive guide.
(518) 851-8120 View (518) 851-8120
Photo of Yanique Chambers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Yanique Chambers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MA
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12208  (Online Only)
Are you stuck in a constant state of worry and anxiety? Maybe you're drowning under the weight of trying to do everything and be everything for everyone. You put on a brave face, but deep down you feel lonely and like you're losing control. The good news is, you don't have to figure this out alone. I can help you get unstuck and moving towards the person you want to be and the life you want to live.
Are you stuck in a constant state of worry and anxiety? Maybe you're drowning under the weight of trying to do everything and be everything for everyone. You put on a brave face, but deep down you feel lonely and like you're losing control. The good news is, you don't have to figure this out alone. I can help you get unstuck and moving towards the person you want to be and the life you want to live.
(518) 543-9486 View (518) 543-9486
Photo of Alyssa Kerber in Albany, NY
Alyssa Kerber
MA, MFT-LP
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12206  (Online Only)
I have been working with clients as a Marriage and Family Therapist since 2021, and I come from a primarily solution-focused narrative approach. As a systemic therapist I understand that although we are individuals, we are part of larger support systems that affect our mental health. Whether you are an individual, family, or part of a relationship, we will work together to emphasize your strengths and progress toward your goals. My belief is that you are the expert in your life and I am here to help you unlock the tools you already have inside while building skills and healthier strategies for the stress you experience.
I have been working with clients as a Marriage and Family Therapist since 2021, and I come from a primarily solution-focused narrative approach. As a systemic therapist I understand that although we are individuals, we are part of larger support systems that affect our mental health. Whether you are an individual, family, or part of a relationship, we will work together to emphasize your strengths and progress toward your goals. My belief is that you are the expert in your life and I am here to help you unlock the tools you already have inside while building skills and healthier strategies for the stress you experience.
View
Photo of Emily Siegel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Emily Siegel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205  (Online Only)
How long have you been running, hiding, overworking yourself, minimizing your pain, living in a constant state of fight or flight, all to avoid facing or confronting the truth? Feeling paralyzed, lacking motivation? Stuck in your own head with no way to make sense of your thoughts? Fixated on the past or current stressors? What if you had a space to vent, word vomit, cry, laugh, and express anger and emotion without any worry of being judged? Curious about how therapy might be helpful or have tried therapy in the past and haven’t found a therapist that you just “click” with?
How long have you been running, hiding, overworking yourself, minimizing your pain, living in a constant state of fight or flight, all to avoid facing or confronting the truth? Feeling paralyzed, lacking motivation? Stuck in your own head with no way to make sense of your thoughts? Fixated on the past or current stressors? What if you had a space to vent, word vomit, cry, laugh, and express anger and emotion without any worry of being judged? Curious about how therapy might be helpful or have tried therapy in the past and haven’t found a therapist that you just “click” with?
(518) 886-3525 View (518) 886-3525
Photo of Joshua McCormick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Joshua McCormick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205
If you're feeling stuck, anxious and/or struggling with addiction, a life change, a relationship (monogamous/open/poly) or chronic illness, you're not alone! You have the power to adjust, adapt and move forward in a healthy way; I will be happy to try and help along the way!
If you're feeling stuck, anxious and/or struggling with addiction, a life change, a relationship (monogamous/open/poly) or chronic illness, you're not alone! You have the power to adjust, adapt and move forward in a healthy way; I will be happy to try and help along the way!
(518) 520-4568 View (518) 520-4568
Photo of Michelle Melville, Pre-Licensed Professional in Albany, NY
Michelle Melville
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12203
Being a student-athlete in college comes with pressure, stress, and anxiety. If you’re a young adult navigating life, academics, or athletics, I understand your unique challenges. I hold a Master's of Education in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Auburn University, bringing a wealth of knowledge and expertise to help you overcome obstacles, and a Bachelor’s in Psychology and Sociology from Bucknell University, where I was also a Women’s Lacrosse team member. I recognize the experiences of student-athletes and provide tailored strategies to help balance academics, athletics, and personal well-being.
Being a student-athlete in college comes with pressure, stress, and anxiety. If you’re a young adult navigating life, academics, or athletics, I understand your unique challenges. I hold a Master's of Education in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Auburn University, bringing a wealth of knowledge and expertise to help you overcome obstacles, and a Bachelor’s in Psychology and Sociology from Bucknell University, where I was also a Women’s Lacrosse team member. I recognize the experiences of student-athletes and provide tailored strategies to help balance academics, athletics, and personal well-being.
(518) 919-3409 View (518) 919-3409
Photo of Christopher Cosgrove, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Christopher Cosgrove
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12208
Not accepting new clients
*****NOT TAKING NEW CLIENTS...FORMER CLIENTS AND FIRST RESPONDERS FEEL FREE TO CALL*** Most mental health issues such as anxiety, depression and anger are results of life stressors. You can expect a full assessment and treatment plan at your first session. I truly believe that you have all the answers to your problems and I will help guide you to the solutions. I utilize a trauma-informed care framework to my practice. Sometimes past traumas and losses can impact and/or compound current life stressors, further exploration of past issues can be explored to gain insight, and to explore more advanced coping skills.
*****NOT TAKING NEW CLIENTS...FORMER CLIENTS AND FIRST RESPONDERS FEEL FREE TO CALL*** Most mental health issues such as anxiety, depression and anger are results of life stressors. You can expect a full assessment and treatment plan at your first session. I truly believe that you have all the answers to your problems and I will help guide you to the solutions. I utilize a trauma-informed care framework to my practice. Sometimes past traumas and losses can impact and/or compound current life stressors, further exploration of past issues can be explored to gain insight, and to explore more advanced coping skills.
(518) 310-2343 View (518) 310-2343
Photo of 1st Step Counseling PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
1st Step Counseling PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12203  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
We are all given a blank sheet in the beginning. What we choose to put on this blank sheet determines our outcome. Through life we are shaped by our surroundings, interactions and family. But not all of us are given the tools to write our own stories. Nature created us, but nurture guides us. As a clinician, I work with my clients to help build their awareness of how their learned subconscious understandings of life have impacted how they engage, interact and understand others.
We are all given a blank sheet in the beginning. What we choose to put on this blank sheet determines our outcome. Through life we are shaped by our surroundings, interactions and family. But not all of us are given the tools to write our own stories. Nature created us, but nurture guides us. As a clinician, I work with my clients to help build their awareness of how their learned subconscious understandings of life have impacted how they engage, interact and understand others.
(518) 520-3124 View (518) 520-3124
Photo of Hazel Clark, Counselor in Albany, NY
Hazel Clark
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12207
When experiencing burnout, feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or detached from others, therapy offers a vital pathway to transformation and restoration. It aids in comprehending your needs, navigating through challenging experiences, releasing harsh self-criticism, crafting new coping strategies, and reconnecting with your genuine priorities.
When experiencing burnout, feeling stuck, overwhelmed, or detached from others, therapy offers a vital pathway to transformation and restoration. It aids in comprehending your needs, navigating through challenging experiences, releasing harsh self-criticism, crafting new coping strategies, and reconnecting with your genuine priorities.
(518) 394-1554 View (518) 394-1554
Photo of Libby McGinn, Counselor in Albany, NY
Libby McGinn
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205
I believe therapy is about hope, and that it is an act of self-care. There are times in our lives when we experience pain and confusion and find that what we've been doing isn't working as well anymore. I believe individuals have the answers that are best for them. Those answers, however, are buried under the muck - the stuff of life that has accumulated over the years. It is my loving role to help you sort through that to access that part of you that is wise and has those right answers.
I believe therapy is about hope, and that it is an act of self-care. There are times in our lives when we experience pain and confusion and find that what we've been doing isn't working as well anymore. I believe individuals have the answers that are best for them. Those answers, however, are buried under the muck - the stuff of life that has accumulated over the years. It is my loving role to help you sort through that to access that part of you that is wise and has those right answers.
(518) 643-4194 x1001 View (518) 643-4194 x1001
Photo of Conor Miro, Pre-Licensed Professional in Albany, NY
Conor Miro
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12205  (Online Only)
Hi, I'm Conor (he/they)! My approach to counseling is rooted in the therapeutic relationship. Creating a space where you feel safe, heard, and valid is of the utmost importance to me. Whether it's emotional processing and healing, becoming a more authentic version of yourself, or another goal you have in mind, I want to help you get there! Together we can design a personalized therapeutic plan that works best for you and take the steps to make it happen.
Hi, I'm Conor (he/they)! My approach to counseling is rooted in the therapeutic relationship. Creating a space where you feel safe, heard, and valid is of the utmost importance to me. Whether it's emotional processing and healing, becoming a more authentic version of yourself, or another goal you have in mind, I want to help you get there! Together we can design a personalized therapeutic plan that works best for you and take the steps to make it happen.
(518) 318-9396 View (518) 318-9396
Photo of John Kane, Counselor in Albany, NY
John Kane
Counselor, LMHC, MSc
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12203
Not accepting new clients
Are you struggling with mental health symptoms - anxiety, depression, relationship or family issues, intrusive thoughts, isolation, loneliness, grief or general "stress"? The discomfort may be the result of a short-term situational experience. Or it could be something you have struggled with for years. Counseling or psychotherapy can help you reduce or eliminate the discomfort you are experiencing. Just as people at times experience uncomfortable physical health symptoms, they can also experience uncomfortable mental health symptoms. The good news is, you can regain control over your emotions, your thoughts and your life!
Are you struggling with mental health symptoms - anxiety, depression, relationship or family issues, intrusive thoughts, isolation, loneliness, grief or general "stress"? The discomfort may be the result of a short-term situational experience. Or it could be something you have struggled with for years. Counseling or psychotherapy can help you reduce or eliminate the discomfort you are experiencing. Just as people at times experience uncomfortable physical health symptoms, they can also experience uncomfortable mental health symptoms. The good news is, you can regain control over your emotions, your thoughts and your life!
(518) 412-3365 View (518) 412-3365
Photo of Carola T. Alden, Marriage & Family Therapist in Albany, NY
Carola T. Alden
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12203
Are you having difficulty in your relationships and wondering, "how do I make things better?" Are you experiencing a loss of self, feeling confused and/or depressed? Is it difficult to identify your feelings? Have your feelings become too painful to experience on your own? It is only natural to want to avoid feelings that are painful. It is our basic human instinct to avoid anything that is painful especially emotional pain. Unfortunately, avoiding pain results in maladaptive behavior and difficulties within relationships. Avoiding feelings can result in feeling numb and/or loss of self.
Are you having difficulty in your relationships and wondering, "how do I make things better?" Are you experiencing a loss of self, feeling confused and/or depressed? Is it difficult to identify your feelings? Have your feelings become too painful to experience on your own? It is only natural to want to avoid feelings that are painful. It is our basic human instinct to avoid anything that is painful especially emotional pain. Unfortunately, avoiding pain results in maladaptive behavior and difficulties within relationships. Avoiding feelings can result in feeling numb and/or loss of self.
(518) 293-4355 View (518) 293-4355
Photo of My Therapy Place, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
My Therapy Place
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12203  (Online Only)
Modern life is not for the faint of heart. Days packed with nonstop tasks, endless decision-making, and the feeling that ‘you’ll never catch up’ can take a toll on your mental health and the hope you have for the future. Thinking clearly and finding sustainable peace and harmony often seems impossible. Your past experiences, the situations you’ve lived through, and what you’re dealing with now can all influence how well you cope and connect. We often feel fragmented, broken, and needing to be “fixed.”
Modern life is not for the faint of heart. Days packed with nonstop tasks, endless decision-making, and the feeling that ‘you’ll never catch up’ can take a toll on your mental health and the hope you have for the future. Thinking clearly and finding sustainable peace and harmony often seems impossible. Your past experiences, the situations you’ve lived through, and what you’re dealing with now can all influence how well you cope and connect. We often feel fragmented, broken, and needing to be “fixed.”
(518) 809-7641 View (518) 809-7641
Photo of Alphonso Mitchum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Albany, NY
Alphonso Mitchum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, MSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205
"There is always a solution, always an answer, and always a better way of coping with life's situations." I know it may be difficult coping with the challenges and changes of life. However, there is always a way of relief. Sometimes we need help finding our way. I've had the privilege of assisting many in finding that way. Let's partner up and find the way that's right for you so that you can be anchored and unmovable as you go forward.
"There is always a solution, always an answer, and always a better way of coping with life's situations." I know it may be difficult coping with the challenges and changes of life. However, there is always a way of relief. Sometimes we need help finding our way. I've had the privilege of assisting many in finding that way. Let's partner up and find the way that's right for you so that you can be anchored and unmovable as you go forward.
(518) 768-4937 View (518) 768-4937
Photo of Dr. Brian Freidenberg, Psychologist in Albany, NY
Dr. Brian Freidenberg
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
14 Endorsed
Albany, NY 12205
Hello! I'm Dr. Brian Freidenberg. In therapy, I place the therapeutic relationship above all else. The relationship is the vehicle for change. I believe that a good therapist listens well; is empathic; and provides a safe, empowering, and judgement-free environment. The client and I form a partnership to help the client navigate this great adventure called life. My primary areas of expertise are ADDICTIONS (e.g., substances, sex, video games, phone, social media), ANXIETY, CHILDHOOD and ADOLESCENCE, COLLEGE students, VETERANS, RELATIONSHIPS, TRAUMA, GROUPS, PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATIONS, and COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY.
Hello! I'm Dr. Brian Freidenberg. In therapy, I place the therapeutic relationship above all else. The relationship is the vehicle for change. I believe that a good therapist listens well; is empathic; and provides a safe, empowering, and judgement-free environment. The client and I form a partnership to help the client navigate this great adventure called life. My primary areas of expertise are ADDICTIONS (e.g., substances, sex, video games, phone, social media), ANXIETY, CHILDHOOD and ADOLESCENCE, COLLEGE students, VETERANS, RELATIONSHIPS, TRAUMA, GROUPS, PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATIONS, and COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL THERAPY.
(518) 348-8689 View (518) 348-8689
Photo of Angela A McCrea, Counselor in Albany, NY
Angela A McCrea
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Albany, NY 12203
I have over 20 years experience working with adults and adolescents providing treatment for mental health disorders including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, and bi-polar. I have extensive experience working with several therapeutic modalities including cognitive-behavioral, behavioral,interpersonal, family therapy, group therapy and motivational interviewing
I have over 20 years experience working with adults and adolescents providing treatment for mental health disorders including anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, and bi-polar. I have extensive experience working with several therapeutic modalities including cognitive-behavioral, behavioral,interpersonal, family therapy, group therapy and motivational interviewing
(518) 893-9512 View (518) 893-9512

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Albany, NY

500+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Albany, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
74% Stress
70% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Aetna
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
51% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Albany, NY see their clients

50% In Person and Online
50% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
24% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Albany?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.