Therapists in Roanoke, VA

Photo of Sarah Phillips, Psychologist in Roanoke, VA
Sarah Phillips
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24018
Waitlist for new clients
Occasionally feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges is a common experience. However, when feelings, thoughts and behaviors create limitations in life, I believe it is beneficial to explore these patterns. My therapeutic approach is compassionate, collaborative and strength-based. I strive to create a safe, warm environment where you feel comfortable exploring difficult topics, while also providing space to challenge you to achieve your goals.
Occasionally feeling overwhelmed by life's challenges is a common experience. However, when feelings, thoughts and behaviors create limitations in life, I believe it is beneficial to explore these patterns. My therapeutic approach is compassionate, collaborative and strength-based. I strive to create a safe, warm environment where you feel comfortable exploring difficult topics, while also providing space to challenge you to achieve your goals.
(540) 565-5892 View (540) 565-5892
Photo of Mary Struzinsky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Mary Struzinsky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, CTS
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24018
Mary Struzinsky is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Certified Trauma Specialist (CTS) with over 30 years of experience working in counseling settings such as private practice, serving as a counselor and administrator for agencies providing foster care and adoption, youth residential, and outpatient mental health services for adults and families. In Mary's free time, she spends time with her family including her husband, three kids, four cats, and a new puppy. Mary completed her Master of Social Work (MSW) at Syracuse University.
Mary Struzinsky is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and Certified Trauma Specialist (CTS) with over 30 years of experience working in counseling settings such as private practice, serving as a counselor and administrator for agencies providing foster care and adoption, youth residential, and outpatient mental health services for adults and families. In Mary's free time, she spends time with her family including her husband, three kids, four cats, and a new puppy. Mary completed her Master of Social Work (MSW) at Syracuse University.
(540) 501-6948 View (540) 501-6948
Photo of Renae Hall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Roanoke, VA
Renae Hall
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24014
Life isn't always easy, and when the hard times come, it is nice to have a non-judgmental place to go where you feel heard and are comfortable. My hope is you will come as you are and begin to work through your "hard time," so that you leave feeling empowered, validated, safe, and recognize you are on your journey to healing. I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and my trauma-informed background includes working with and treating children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD, oppositional defiance, anxiety, stress, depression, life changes, addiction, and trauma.
Life isn't always easy, and when the hard times come, it is nice to have a non-judgmental place to go where you feel heard and are comfortable. My hope is you will come as you are and begin to work through your "hard time," so that you leave feeling empowered, validated, safe, and recognize you are on your journey to healing. I am trained in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and my trauma-informed background includes working with and treating children, adolescents, and adults with ADHD, oppositional defiance, anxiety, stress, depression, life changes, addiction, and trauma.
(540) 252-3151 View (540) 252-3151
Photo of Manns Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Manns Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24019
Are you finding yourself “lost” after a “loss”? You could make use of grief counseling to return to a new and different life. Many times losses come with different looks such with depression with physical and emotional issues. We have treatment programs that can deal with depression and anxiety. Anger Management for Women and Men,Depression and Diabetes, and Men and Depression
Are you finding yourself “lost” after a “loss”? You could make use of grief counseling to return to a new and different life. Many times losses come with different looks such with depression with physical and emotional issues. We have treatment programs that can deal with depression and anxiety. Anger Management for Women and Men,Depression and Diabetes, and Men and Depression
(540) 692-9994 View (540) 692-9994
Photo of Brenda Dominguez LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Roanoke, VA
Brenda Dominguez LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24018
People come to see me because something isn't quite working for them in their lives, and through the insights of counseling, I can help them make a positive change. I am a licensed professional counselor with over 25 years experience, providing compassionate counseling and have been in private practice since 2005.
People come to see me because something isn't quite working for them in their lives, and through the insights of counseling, I can help them make a positive change. I am a licensed professional counselor with over 25 years experience, providing compassionate counseling and have been in private practice since 2005.
(540) 772-1263 View (540) 772-1263
Photo of Katie Poulos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Katie Poulos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24016
Not accepting new clients
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. If you have made it this far, you have begun your healing journey. Are you tired of how you feel? Having difficulty sleeping? Low energy and lack of motivation? Easily startled or finding yourself avoiding painful memories? I can help. I provide comprehensive, compassionate psychotherapy services in the Roanoke Valley. With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in trauma-informed therapy. With the use of EMDR Therapy and other modalities, I can help you identify, target, and process the root of your discomfort. What keeps you up at night now can become a distant memory.
The journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. If you have made it this far, you have begun your healing journey. Are you tired of how you feel? Having difficulty sleeping? Low energy and lack of motivation? Easily startled or finding yourself avoiding painful memories? I can help. I provide comprehensive, compassionate psychotherapy services in the Roanoke Valley. With over 20 years of experience, I specialize in trauma-informed therapy. With the use of EMDR Therapy and other modalities, I can help you identify, target, and process the root of your discomfort. What keeps you up at night now can become a distant memory.
(540) 518-0355 View (540) 518-0355
Photo of Muriel Vinson in Roanoke, VA
Muriel Vinson
MA, AMFT, QMHP
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24016
Waitlist for new clients
We are constantly bombarded with messages that tell us we are not good enough, we are the problem, or we're not doing enough. This leads many feeling anxious, defeated, worthless and burnt out. I'm here to remind and show you that you are worthy of care, you are worthy of feeling seen and heard, and you are worthy of feeling understood. During therapy, I facilitate a deeper understanding of self, allowing you to identify behavioral and decision-making patterns that contribute to dis-ease and dis-function in your life. You can't hit a target you don't have. Let's identify opportunities for positive change for wellbeing and freedom.
We are constantly bombarded with messages that tell us we are not good enough, we are the problem, or we're not doing enough. This leads many feeling anxious, defeated, worthless and burnt out. I'm here to remind and show you that you are worthy of care, you are worthy of feeling seen and heard, and you are worthy of feeling understood. During therapy, I facilitate a deeper understanding of self, allowing you to identify behavioral and decision-making patterns that contribute to dis-ease and dis-function in your life. You can't hit a target you don't have. Let's identify opportunities for positive change for wellbeing and freedom.
(540) 502-3950 View (540) 502-3950
Photo of Emily Newcomb, Pre-Licensed Professional in Roanoke, VA
Emily Newcomb
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24016
I love to work with children, adolescents and adults. I am passionate and enjoy working with perinatal individuals and anyone dealing with postpartum anxiety or depression. My hope is to help individuals discover their values in order to help them live a value driven life rather than one focused centrally on acheiving goals.
I love to work with children, adolescents and adults. I am passionate and enjoy working with perinatal individuals and anyone dealing with postpartum anxiety or depression. My hope is to help individuals discover their values in order to help them live a value driven life rather than one focused centrally on acheiving goals.
(540) 900-1494 View (540) 900-1494
Photo of Chanelle Henderson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Roanoke, VA
Chanelle Henderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24016
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I'm Chanelle Henderson, a licensed professional counselor specializing in compassionate support for all those along life's journey. When you step into my office, I see that you are letting me into sacred ground. ​ As a counselor, my role is to provide a place so you can be brave enough to heal and grow. I will support you with cultural humility and LGBTQIA+ affirming practices so you can strengthen a deeper relationship with yourself and those closest to you. I specialize in working with those affected by traumatic experiences such as the immigration process, childhood abuse, and perinatal recovery.
Welcome! I'm Chanelle Henderson, a licensed professional counselor specializing in compassionate support for all those along life's journey. When you step into my office, I see that you are letting me into sacred ground. ​ As a counselor, my role is to provide a place so you can be brave enough to heal and grow. I will support you with cultural humility and LGBTQIA+ affirming practices so you can strengthen a deeper relationship with yourself and those closest to you. I specialize in working with those affected by traumatic experiences such as the immigration process, childhood abuse, and perinatal recovery.
(540) 253-4779 View (540) 253-4779
Photo of Laura Ely, Ph.D, LCP, Psychologist in Roanoke, VA
Laura Ely, Ph.D, LCP
Psychologist, PhD, LCP
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24015
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (OCD, hair pulling, skin picking, etc.), Tics/Tourette's, Anxiety, Depression, and trauma/PTSD. The core of my approach is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I also treat trauma in adults with Written Exposure Therapy (a brief, structured treatment). I'm glad to speak with you for a free brief consultation on the phone (initial 90 min. session fee is $142 and an hour session is $125). I see ALL ages for tics/Tourette's and BFRBs (hair pulling, skin picking, nail biting, etc.). For all other treatment I see clients age 18 and older.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in Obsessive Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (OCD, hair pulling, skin picking, etc.), Tics/Tourette's, Anxiety, Depression, and trauma/PTSD. The core of my approach is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I also treat trauma in adults with Written Exposure Therapy (a brief, structured treatment). I'm glad to speak with you for a free brief consultation on the phone (initial 90 min. session fee is $142 and an hour session is $125). I see ALL ages for tics/Tourette's and BFRBs (hair pulling, skin picking, nail biting, etc.). For all other treatment I see clients age 18 and older.
(540) 655-2751 View (540) 655-2751
Photo of Jordyn Parker, Licensed Professional Counselor in Roanoke, VA
Jordyn Parker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CMHIMP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24014
Are you struggling with anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, trouble sleeping, or fatigue in addition to allergies, brain fog, or digestive issues? Maybe you find yourself overthinking, stuck in the same old thinking patterns, and juggling too many things at once making you feel stuck. Do you feel like your fatigue, digestive issues, and brain fog are preventing you from living fully? You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure, you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to take back control of your whole health and ready to feel confident, stop overthinking, and trust your own decisions!
Are you struggling with anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, trouble sleeping, or fatigue in addition to allergies, brain fog, or digestive issues? Maybe you find yourself overthinking, stuck in the same old thinking patterns, and juggling too many things at once making you feel stuck. Do you feel like your fatigue, digestive issues, and brain fog are preventing you from living fully? You might not even remember a time things didn’t feel this way. But one thing is for sure, you’re ready for some relief. You’re ready to take back control of your whole health and ready to feel confident, stop overthinking, and trust your own decisions!
(540) 210-1315 View (540) 210-1315
Photo of Hayley Nasrallah, Pre-Licensed Professional in Roanoke, VA
Hayley Nasrallah
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24016
At the end of therapy clients often tell me they "feel like themselves again." Difficulties such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational conflict may have you feeling alienated from others and yourself. This is an incredibly hard and lonely place to be. I consider it one of life's greatest honors to walk with people through their times of difficulty as they find their way back home to hope.
At the end of therapy clients often tell me they "feel like themselves again." Difficulties such as anxiety, depression, trauma, and relational conflict may have you feeling alienated from others and yourself. This is an incredibly hard and lonely place to be. I consider it one of life's greatest honors to walk with people through their times of difficulty as they find their way back home to hope.
(540) 384-9388 View (540) 384-9388
Photo of Jan Nicholson, Psychologist in Roanoke, VA
Jan Nicholson
Psychologist, EdD
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24018
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I'm Dr. Jan, a compassionate Harvard-educated psychologist with many years of experience in the integration and healing of mind, body, and spirit. Whether we meet online or in person, my goal is to create a safe nurturing space for you to embark on a journey of discovery, self-awareness, and transformation. In my practice, I offer support to individuals of all ages navigating life's many challenges: to better manage anxiety, stress, and depression related to medical conditions, life transitions, loss, everyday struggles as well as trauma. Many people come to me specifically to pursue personal and spiritual growth.
Welcome! I'm Dr. Jan, a compassionate Harvard-educated psychologist with many years of experience in the integration and healing of mind, body, and spirit. Whether we meet online or in person, my goal is to create a safe nurturing space for you to embark on a journey of discovery, self-awareness, and transformation. In my practice, I offer support to individuals of all ages navigating life's many challenges: to better manage anxiety, stress, and depression related to medical conditions, life transitions, loss, everyday struggles as well as trauma. Many people come to me specifically to pursue personal and spiritual growth.
(540) 506-3713 View (540) 506-3713
Photo of Adrien Monti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Adrien Monti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24016
Not accepting new clients
A satisfying sex life can be a source of joy, empowerment, connection, and self-esteem. I help people improve communication, overcome barriers and heal from painful past events so they can freely experience confidence, intimacy, and pleasure. A variety of issues can be treated through sex therapy, including low libido, trauma history, performance anxiety, difficulty achieving orgasm, and changes in sexual functioning due to phase of life or medical conditions. There are many sexual challenges that can be successfully navigated with the help of counseling and education. I offer individual and couples counseling.
A satisfying sex life can be a source of joy, empowerment, connection, and self-esteem. I help people improve communication, overcome barriers and heal from painful past events so they can freely experience confidence, intimacy, and pleasure. A variety of issues can be treated through sex therapy, including low libido, trauma history, performance anxiety, difficulty achieving orgasm, and changes in sexual functioning due to phase of life or medical conditions. There are many sexual challenges that can be successfully navigated with the help of counseling and education. I offer individual and couples counseling.
(540) 701-6010 View (540) 701-6010
Photo of Marla Lenviel, Pre-Licensed Professional in Roanoke, VA
Marla Lenviel
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd, NCC, LPC-R
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24018
If you are feeling trapped by anxiety and fear or feel like no one understands, I am here for you!
If you are feeling trapped by anxiety and fear or feel like no one understands, I am here for you!
(540) 417-1447 View (540) 417-1447
Photo of Caitlin Dallas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Roanoke, VA
Caitlin Dallas
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24016
Waitlist for new clients
Life can be heartbreakingly difficult, and progress is often nonlinear – however, I am here to walk with you on your path to healing. I believe that everyone is capable of change and that change happens through the collaboration between client and counselor. I am honored to be a part of your journey. Often we experience a disconnect between our mind and our bodies. I use mindfulness and somatic techniques to help you reconnect and take steps to return to wholeness.
Life can be heartbreakingly difficult, and progress is often nonlinear – however, I am here to walk with you on your path to healing. I believe that everyone is capable of change and that change happens through the collaboration between client and counselor. I am honored to be a part of your journey. Often we experience a disconnect between our mind and our bodies. I use mindfulness and somatic techniques to help you reconnect and take steps to return to wholeness.
(540) 264-3837 View (540) 264-3837
Photo of Babbling Brook Counseling Services PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Babbling Brook Counseling Services PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MA, LCSW, ACAS, CPI
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24016
Not accepting new clients
Brooke is NOT accepting New Clients at this time. Brooke has 25 years of experience working with children, families, and adults within the health care system, foster care, schools, community-based services, and outpatient practice. Brooke’s goal is to help individuals understand the impact of their thoughts on feelings and behaviors and learn the skills to strengthen and grow as individuals. Brooke values assisting individuals in building confidence and self-worth and finding happiness within one's self, along with helping to support those we love.
Brooke is NOT accepting New Clients at this time. Brooke has 25 years of experience working with children, families, and adults within the health care system, foster care, schools, community-based services, and outpatient practice. Brooke’s goal is to help individuals understand the impact of their thoughts on feelings and behaviors and learn the skills to strengthen and grow as individuals. Brooke values assisting individuals in building confidence and self-worth and finding happiness within one's self, along with helping to support those we love.
(540) 701-2238 View (540) 701-2238
Photo of Jessica Conway, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Jessica Conway
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roanoke, VA 24015
Waitlist for new clients
It's great news that you're here! My name is Jes Conway and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 20+ years of experience working with individuals and couples in a wide range of settings. Whether you are seeking to address a specific problem/situation or you are interested in taking a general personal inventory, you're acknowledging that you would like things to be different. What we often don't realize is that change requires taking action, and that in itself is a skill to learn and practice. I am excited to meet you and to see how I might be of service.
It's great news that you're here! My name is Jes Conway and I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist with 20+ years of experience working with individuals and couples in a wide range of settings. Whether you are seeking to address a specific problem/situation or you are interested in taking a general personal inventory, you're acknowledging that you would like things to be different. What we often don't realize is that change requires taking action, and that in itself is a skill to learn and practice. I am excited to meet you and to see how I might be of service.
(540) 385-4584 View (540) 385-4584
Photo of Linnie Daniel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Linnie Daniel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24015  (Online Only)
Life throws us challenges that can feel like you're stuck in survival mode. You might feel disconnected from the world, having difficulty with relationships, or a sense of confusion about the future.
Life throws us challenges that can feel like you're stuck in survival mode. You might feel disconnected from the world, having difficulty with relationships, or a sense of confusion about the future.
(757) 517-8364 View (757) 517-8364
Photo of Emily Uribe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roanoke, VA
Emily Uribe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Roanoke, VA 24018
Not accepting new clients
I work with clients at Star City Therapy Services, LLC. We provide telehealth therapy throughout Virginia, and in person sessions in Roanoke Virginia. We provide a wide range of counseling to include; play therapy, EMDR, CBT, and couples counseling. I offer EMDR/Trauma Therapy, Play therapy, and assistance with dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, chronic illness, and stress. I am able to accept Medicaid MCOs and self pay as well as many private insurances. I am currently closing my waitlist and do not anticipate taking more new clients in 2024.
I work with clients at Star City Therapy Services, LLC. We provide telehealth therapy throughout Virginia, and in person sessions in Roanoke Virginia. We provide a wide range of counseling to include; play therapy, EMDR, CBT, and couples counseling. I offer EMDR/Trauma Therapy, Play therapy, and assistance with dealing with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, chronic illness, and stress. I am able to accept Medicaid MCOs and self pay as well as many private insurances. I am currently closing my waitlist and do not anticipate taking more new clients in 2024.
(540) 215-7709 View (540) 215-7709

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Roanoke, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Roanoke, VA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
72% Coping Skills
70% Stress
69% Relationship Issues

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% Anthem | Elevance
72% Aetna
70% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Roanoke, VA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Roanoke?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.