Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

Photo of Marie O'Meara Lcsw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Marie O'Meara Lcsw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95409  (Online Only)
If you are on this page, you are struggling with some kind of emotional issue such as stress, anxiety, or depression. I am here to help. I am particularly dedicated to helping people experiencing depression and trauma. I enjoy helping women strengthen their self esteem and assertiveness skills. Over the years clients have told me that they appreciate my relaxed style, and that I am easy to talk to. I also think that there is room for humor, as well as tears in therapy.
If you are on this page, you are struggling with some kind of emotional issue such as stress, anxiety, or depression. I am here to help. I am particularly dedicated to helping people experiencing depression and trauma. I enjoy helping women strengthen their self esteem and assertiveness skills. Over the years clients have told me that they appreciate my relaxed style, and that I am easy to talk to. I also think that there is room for humor, as well as tears in therapy.
(707) 639-1780 View (707) 639-1780
Photo of Diana Mendelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Diana Mendelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
Who stole the road sign to a happy life? Have you tried everything to make things better, but nothing is working? If a good life is eluding you, let's talk. We'll look at what is getting in your way and--as we discover your strengths--map out a plan that works for you. You can expect to feel understood, supported, and gently challenged to make shifts that move you forward. Whether your focus is on strengthening your relationships, navigating difficult life transitions, or "unsticking" yourself from depression, anxiety, or trauma, our work together will empower you and help you to make wise choices.
Who stole the road sign to a happy life? Have you tried everything to make things better, but nothing is working? If a good life is eluding you, let's talk. We'll look at what is getting in your way and--as we discover your strengths--map out a plan that works for you. You can expect to feel understood, supported, and gently challenged to make shifts that move you forward. Whether your focus is on strengthening your relationships, navigating difficult life transitions, or "unsticking" yourself from depression, anxiety, or trauma, our work together will empower you and help you to make wise choices.
(707) 595-9316 View (707) 595-9316
Photo of Megan Rooney, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Megan Rooney
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
I believe we are all doing the very best we know how to do, and that people seek therapy to learn new ways, ways that help make their lives and relationships work better. It is my honor to support people that are in pain and confusion to learn a better way. I am here to serve as a mirror and a guide so that you can find who you really are and how to more fully express that. I have been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT 29699) since 1997 and practicing in a variety of settings ever since, including Private Practice, County Behavioral Health and Non-profit agencies.
I believe we are all doing the very best we know how to do, and that people seek therapy to learn new ways, ways that help make their lives and relationships work better. It is my honor to support people that are in pain and confusion to learn a better way. I am here to serve as a mirror and a guide so that you can find who you really are and how to more fully express that. I have been a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT 29699) since 1997 and practicing in a variety of settings ever since, including Private Practice, County Behavioral Health and Non-profit agencies.
(707) 306-4905 View (707) 306-4905
Photo of Rolanda R Bradshaw, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Rolanda R Bradshaw
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
My mission is to empower my clients to reclaim their voices. Drawing from my own experiences of feeling unseen and unheard, I recognize the profound pain it can inflict. This personal insight shapes my role as a therapist, where I aim to serve as a facilitator and partner in your journey of transformation.
My mission is to empower my clients to reclaim their voices. Drawing from my own experiences of feeling unseen and unheard, I recognize the profound pain it can inflict. This personal insight shapes my role as a therapist, where I aim to serve as a facilitator and partner in your journey of transformation.
(707) 691-0754 View (707) 691-0754
Photo of Amanda Berney, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Amanda Berney
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403  (Online Only)
Currently Accepting New Clients I work with adults of all ages, identities and cultural backgrounds for individual, couples, and adult family therapy. Each stage in life brings new challenges. I support clients who are struggling with general life stressors, adjusting to new life circumstances, struggling with mood and anxiety, dealing with traumatic experiences, problematic substance use, family conflict and relationships in general. I also provide guidance for self-exploration leading to personal growth. Therapy focuses on discovering how your past experiences contribute to where you are now, and helps you see your way forward.
Currently Accepting New Clients I work with adults of all ages, identities and cultural backgrounds for individual, couples, and adult family therapy. Each stage in life brings new challenges. I support clients who are struggling with general life stressors, adjusting to new life circumstances, struggling with mood and anxiety, dealing with traumatic experiences, problematic substance use, family conflict and relationships in general. I also provide guidance for self-exploration leading to personal growth. Therapy focuses on discovering how your past experiences contribute to where you are now, and helps you see your way forward.
(707) 340-7443 View (707) 340-7443
Photo of Matthew Smith, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Matthew Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Waitlist for new clients
Offices in Fremont and Santa Rosa: You can think of me as a professional guide for your personal growth. Most people seek psychotherapy from me to guide them through anxiety, depression, relationship problems, and self-improvement. The majority of my background is working with adults: individually or in group therapy. At my Santa Rosa office, I also do psychological screening tests for some attention problems and work with couples around certain distinct issues including male sexual problems and counseling for same-sex couples. Please visit my website if you would like more details.
Offices in Fremont and Santa Rosa: You can think of me as a professional guide for your personal growth. Most people seek psychotherapy from me to guide them through anxiety, depression, relationship problems, and self-improvement. The majority of my background is working with adults: individually or in group therapy. At my Santa Rosa office, I also do psychological screening tests for some attention problems and work with couples around certain distinct issues including male sexual problems and counseling for same-sex couples. Please visit my website if you would like more details.
(510) 730-3337 View (510) 730-3337
Photo of Robin Seeley, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Robin Seeley
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95405  (Online Only)
If you're wanting to grow and change, heal old traumas, navigate a life transition, or work on relationships, I can help. Using targeted therapies such as cognitive-behavioral, depth psychology, EMDR, hypnosis and mindfulness, together we create meaningful change according to the goals you bring to therapy. My background in transpersonal psychology allows me to work with the whole person, including your psychological, spiritual, intellectual, creative, physical and community life. And my prior career in business helps me understand the real-world challenges you may face in everyday life. Read more at: www.robinseeleyonline.com
If you're wanting to grow and change, heal old traumas, navigate a life transition, or work on relationships, I can help. Using targeted therapies such as cognitive-behavioral, depth psychology, EMDR, hypnosis and mindfulness, together we create meaningful change according to the goals you bring to therapy. My background in transpersonal psychology allows me to work with the whole person, including your psychological, spiritual, intellectual, creative, physical and community life. And my prior career in business helps me understand the real-world challenges you may face in everyday life. Read more at: www.robinseeleyonline.com
(707) 708-3946 View (707) 708-3946
Photo of Louise Oren Packard, Psychologist in Santa Rosa, CA
Louise Oren Packard
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Are you sad, overwhelmed, and in pain? Anxious or depressed? Are you struggling to get through the day? Perhaps you have tried to get help, but felt that it went nowhere and did nothing for you. You deserve to get help that truly changes your life. I believe that it is only through warmth, caring, and deep and compassionate understanding that we are healed. I very much look forward to working with you so that you might optimize your life, improve your health, happiness, and relationships, and feel like the person you have always hoped you could be.
Are you sad, overwhelmed, and in pain? Anxious or depressed? Are you struggling to get through the day? Perhaps you have tried to get help, but felt that it went nowhere and did nothing for you. You deserve to get help that truly changes your life. I believe that it is only through warmth, caring, and deep and compassionate understanding that we are healed. I very much look forward to working with you so that you might optimize your life, improve your health, happiness, and relationships, and feel like the person you have always hoped you could be.
(707) 986-8969 View (707) 986-8969
Photo of Karen Stocksdale, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Karen Stocksdale
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Do you long to feel whole again? I am available to those who are struggling with grief, loss, personal trauma, or life circumstances. We will collaborate and help you find your center, strengthen your core, and equip you with tools to re-integrate your being.
Do you long to feel whole again? I am available to those who are struggling with grief, loss, personal trauma, or life circumstances. We will collaborate and help you find your center, strengthen your core, and equip you with tools to re-integrate your being.
(707) 549-6050 View (707) 549-6050
Photo of Meghann Vela, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Meghann Vela
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
As a licensed therapist, I believe my role is to be a tool for change and support as you walk your own path. I operate from the assumption that you are the expert of your own life, and I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. I bring unconditional warmth and empathy to sessions while also helping clients determine their own negative beliefs or patterns that may be contributing to feelings of distress. With increased awareness and insight, together we can work on letting go of fear, resentment, healing past wounds, expressing needs and boundaries, and building healthy relationships.
As a licensed therapist, I believe my role is to be a tool for change and support as you walk your own path. I operate from the assumption that you are the expert of your own life, and I believe in the power of the therapeutic relationship. I bring unconditional warmth and empathy to sessions while also helping clients determine their own negative beliefs or patterns that may be contributing to feelings of distress. With increased awareness and insight, together we can work on letting go of fear, resentment, healing past wounds, expressing needs and boundaries, and building healthy relationships.
(707) 723-1230 View (707) 723-1230
Photo of Jennifer Scott, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Jennifer Scott
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95405
You deserve a welcoming space that allows you to feel encouraged, understood, valued, and capable of positive change. As a therapist, and fellow human, I know how stressful and confusing life can be. Painful past events can leave us defeated and disconnected. Major life transitions can be overwhelming. Depression & anxiety can rob us of vitality and mental peace. Great healing can happen through safe & genuine connection to another. Sessions with me are peppered with moments of humor, gentle directness, and deep realness.
You deserve a welcoming space that allows you to feel encouraged, understood, valued, and capable of positive change. As a therapist, and fellow human, I know how stressful and confusing life can be. Painful past events can leave us defeated and disconnected. Major life transitions can be overwhelming. Depression & anxiety can rob us of vitality and mental peace. Great healing can happen through safe & genuine connection to another. Sessions with me are peppered with moments of humor, gentle directness, and deep realness.
(707) 800-3131 View (707) 800-3131
Photo of Deanna Bernard, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Deanna Bernard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95402  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I know this feels like one of the lowest moments in your life. Maybe alcohol feels like your closest ally and no one understands. Perhaps the trauma of the past keeps haunting you or the communication between you and your loved ones is not working. You are doing the right thing by reaching out and the fact that you arrived here shows that there is hope ahead. We will find you comfort without the consequences of addiction. Your loved ones will hear you and understand you. A full nights sleep without nightmares is possible. You deserve to exhale and feel peace and security. You are not alone and I would be honored to guide you.
I know this feels like one of the lowest moments in your life. Maybe alcohol feels like your closest ally and no one understands. Perhaps the trauma of the past keeps haunting you or the communication between you and your loved ones is not working. You are doing the right thing by reaching out and the fact that you arrived here shows that there is hope ahead. We will find you comfort without the consequences of addiction. Your loved ones will hear you and understand you. A full nights sleep without nightmares is possible. You deserve to exhale and feel peace and security. You are not alone and I would be honored to guide you.
(707) 851-6116 View (707) 851-6116
Photo of Clint Parker, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Santa Rosa, CA
Clint Parker
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95401  (Online Only)
I love helping adults from all stages and walks of life to understand the things that are holding them back in order to find ways through them. After recognizing underlying barriers, we can work towards fully realizing your strengths and adjusting certain behaviors and thoughts to see things and be yourself in a healthier way. In our first session together, we'll complete an assessment focused on exploring your past and present, current challenges and strengths, and specific problems that you hope to overcome. We'll discuss your specific goals for counseling as well as my recommendations for treatment to move towards those goals.
I love helping adults from all stages and walks of life to understand the things that are holding them back in order to find ways through them. After recognizing underlying barriers, we can work towards fully realizing your strengths and adjusting certain behaviors and thoughts to see things and be yourself in a healthier way. In our first session together, we'll complete an assessment focused on exploring your past and present, current challenges and strengths, and specific problems that you hope to overcome. We'll discuss your specific goals for counseling as well as my recommendations for treatment to move towards those goals.
(310) 347-4971 View (310) 347-4971
Photo of Meredith Denton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Meredith Denton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MPH, RYT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Welcome, glad you are here. At times, we forget parts of ourselves and lose sight of our inner compass. Therapy is one way of remembering and coming back to our wholeness. I offer a space of healing presence, authenticity, and deep listening, integrating somatic and nature-based practices. Through our work together, you will foster the skills and practices that best supports your healing and growth and is most transformative, nurturing, compassionate, and wise for you. I am passionate about and skilled in supporting women, adolescents, helping professionals, in addition to the global majority and underserved communities.
Welcome, glad you are here. At times, we forget parts of ourselves and lose sight of our inner compass. Therapy is one way of remembering and coming back to our wholeness. I offer a space of healing presence, authenticity, and deep listening, integrating somatic and nature-based practices. Through our work together, you will foster the skills and practices that best supports your healing and growth and is most transformative, nurturing, compassionate, and wise for you. I am passionate about and skilled in supporting women, adolescents, helping professionals, in addition to the global majority and underserved communities.
(650) 753-6551 View (650) 753-6551
Photo of Aleta Greenspan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Aleta Greenspan
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
The word “heal” comes from “to make whole.” Psychotherapy, more aptly psyche-therapy, is a sacred process of tending to the soul wound and waking more fully to one’s aliveness and inherent wholeness. I am deeply passionate about supporting you in healing the fragmented and disowned parts of self that hinder you from living a life of meaningful connections, purposeful self-agency and joy. We work collaboratively to creatively transform unconscious and limiting belief structures, access your resiliencies, welcome emerging truths, skillfully navigate adversity with new tools, and integrate insights for profound and evolving change.
The word “heal” comes from “to make whole.” Psychotherapy, more aptly psyche-therapy, is a sacred process of tending to the soul wound and waking more fully to one’s aliveness and inherent wholeness. I am deeply passionate about supporting you in healing the fragmented and disowned parts of self that hinder you from living a life of meaningful connections, purposeful self-agency and joy. We work collaboratively to creatively transform unconscious and limiting belief structures, access your resiliencies, welcome emerging truths, skillfully navigate adversity with new tools, and integrate insights for profound and evolving change.
(707) 475-3119 View (707) 475-3119
Photo of Alissa Hirshfeld, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Alissa Hirshfeld
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95405
I am a seasoned therapist with over 25 years of experience working with clients of diverse backgrounds and orientations. My approach tailored toward each individual. I draw on decades of bereavement work (directing a hospice program), trauma (including EMDR), and mindfulness training (as a meditation and yoga instructor and spiritual director). Recently, I have been certified as a psychedelic-assisted therapist, work with ketamine, and provide integration. I'm a visual artist and writer and enjoy working with creative folks. Many of my clients come to me in the midst of grief, trauma, or life transitions. See alissahirshfeld.com
I am a seasoned therapist with over 25 years of experience working with clients of diverse backgrounds and orientations. My approach tailored toward each individual. I draw on decades of bereavement work (directing a hospice program), trauma (including EMDR), and mindfulness training (as a meditation and yoga instructor and spiritual director). Recently, I have been certified as a psychedelic-assisted therapist, work with ketamine, and provide integration. I'm a visual artist and writer and enjoy working with creative folks. Many of my clients come to me in the midst of grief, trauma, or life transitions. See alissahirshfeld.com
(707) 730-4840 View (707) 730-4840
Photo of Matthew Elias, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Matthew Elias
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95404
Hello! Thanks for checking out my profile. If you're looking for some help for your teen, family, or yourself you've come to the right place. I can help with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and communication issues along with many others. I really like using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Non-Violent Communication, and nervous system education to help my clients.
Hello! Thanks for checking out my profile. If you're looking for some help for your teen, family, or yourself you've come to the right place. I can help with anxiety, depression, ADHD, and communication issues along with many others. I really like using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Non-Violent Communication, and nervous system education to help my clients.
(707) 368-4099 View (707) 368-4099
Photo of Deborah Lev-Er, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Deborah Lev-Er
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Santa Rosa, CA 95403
Not accepting new clients
I have over 20 years of experience serving clients across the life span. In my current practice, I draw from my training in trauma informed care (EMDR) and Emotionally Focused therapy to offer treatment to individuals, couples and families. I also have a focus of practice in the area of perinatal care.
I have over 20 years of experience serving clients across the life span. In my current practice, I draw from my training in trauma informed care (EMDR) and Emotionally Focused therapy to offer treatment to individuals, couples and families. I also have a focus of practice in the area of perinatal care.
(707) 902-9518 View (707) 902-9518
Photo of Barry W Bastian, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Barry W Bastian
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95404  (Online Only)
Are you laying awake at night worrying about how to get your life on track, wondering if you are suffering from a "failure to launch"? Are you feeling depressed by vague feelings of emptiness and boredom that even your personal and professional relationships fail to relieve? Do you feel isolated and awkwardly alone even in the midst of your social interactions? Do you long for deeper self-understanding and for loving relationships that support well-being and purpose in life?
Are you laying awake at night worrying about how to get your life on track, wondering if you are suffering from a "failure to launch"? Are you feeling depressed by vague feelings of emptiness and boredom that even your personal and professional relationships fail to relieve? Do you feel isolated and awkwardly alone even in the midst of your social interactions? Do you long for deeper self-understanding and for loving relationships that support well-being and purpose in life?
(628) 600-2731 View (628) 600-2731
Photo of Gail Gonick-Hallows, Marriage & Family Therapist in Santa Rosa, CA
Gail Gonick-Hallows
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Santa Rosa, CA 95401
I accept you as you are, and believe in your ability to heal and to grow. You may be feeling overwhelmed or stuck, needing help to make new personal changes in your life. I offer nonjudgmental support as I assist you to deepen in self awareness and in building coping skills while facing challenges, personal identity issues, dysfunctional relationship patterns, and stage-of-life transitions.
I accept you as you are, and believe in your ability to heal and to grow. You may be feeling overwhelmed or stuck, needing help to make new personal changes in your life. I offer nonjudgmental support as I assist you to deepen in self awareness and in building coping skills while facing challenges, personal identity issues, dysfunctional relationship patterns, and stage-of-life transitions.
(707) 921-1937 View (707) 921-1937

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
87% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Grief
67% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

52% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
51% Aetna
51% Optum

How Therapists in Santa Rosa, CA see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Santa Rosa?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.