Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

Photo of Paul D. Kreisinger, LCSW, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Paul D. Kreisinger, LCSW, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, JD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Thomas Ogden wrote "The most fundamental human need is that of being and becoming more fully oneself...becoming more fully present and alive to one's thoughts, feelings and bodily states; becoming better able to sense one's own unique creative potentials and finding forms in which to develop them; feeling that one is speaking one's own ideas with a voice of one's own; becoming a larger person in one's relationships with others; developing more fully a humane and just value system and set of ethical standards."
Thomas Ogden wrote "The most fundamental human need is that of being and becoming more fully oneself...becoming more fully present and alive to one's thoughts, feelings and bodily states; becoming better able to sense one's own unique creative potentials and finding forms in which to develop them; feeling that one is speaking one's own ideas with a voice of one's own; becoming a larger person in one's relationships with others; developing more fully a humane and just value system and set of ethical standards."
(201) 877-5156 View (201) 877-5156
Photo of Maggee Messing, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Maggee Messing
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
A key ingredient to successful therapy is having a strong therapeutic relationship. To foster this relationship I am open and honest with my client's and create an environment that allow the people I work with to feel cared for, safe, and free from judgement. My main treatment method is cognitive behavioral therapy however I take an integrative approach to treatment. I consider the individual needs of my clients, I help them regulate their emotions, manage stressors, and function effectively in their daily lives. I work with my clients collaboratively to develop interventions and coping strategies that work for them.
A key ingredient to successful therapy is having a strong therapeutic relationship. To foster this relationship I am open and honest with my client's and create an environment that allow the people I work with to feel cared for, safe, and free from judgement. My main treatment method is cognitive behavioral therapy however I take an integrative approach to treatment. I consider the individual needs of my clients, I help them regulate their emotions, manage stressors, and function effectively in their daily lives. I work with my clients collaboratively to develop interventions and coping strategies that work for them.
(201) 445-2200 View (201) 445-2200
Photo of Nicole Amarante, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ridgewood, NJ
Nicole Amarante
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Welcome! I am excited you are here to learn more about therapy and services I provide. In my practice, I promote empowerment and resilience. My number one goal is your personal growth and healing. I truly value creating a warm, supportive, and safe environment. I have extensive training in treating anxiety disorders and mood disorders in children, teens, and adults. Together we will build insight to your strengths, find your power, overcome challenges. increase your creative potential, build self-esteem, develop coping & problem solving skills, and improve your overall satisfaction with life.
Welcome! I am excited you are here to learn more about therapy and services I provide. In my practice, I promote empowerment and resilience. My number one goal is your personal growth and healing. I truly value creating a warm, supportive, and safe environment. I have extensive training in treating anxiety disorders and mood disorders in children, teens, and adults. Together we will build insight to your strengths, find your power, overcome challenges. increase your creative potential, build self-esteem, develop coping & problem solving skills, and improve your overall satisfaction with life.
(201) 831-7113 View (201) 831-7113
Photo of Shari A Becker, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Shari A Becker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
It is my pleasure and privilege to work with individuals, couples and families in my Ridgewood private practice. Since receiving my Ph.D. in 1998, I have had the opportunity to offer psychotherapy to late teens and adults who are struggling with issues related to mood, anxiety, body image, self worth and relationships. I take a highly interactive approach to treatment, engaging with my patients as they explore the obstacles to their optimal spiritual, mental, physical and emotional well-being. Our goal, working together, is to turn those obstacles into opportunities for openness and integrity in personal and relationship issues.
It is my pleasure and privilege to work with individuals, couples and families in my Ridgewood private practice. Since receiving my Ph.D. in 1998, I have had the opportunity to offer psychotherapy to late teens and adults who are struggling with issues related to mood, anxiety, body image, self worth and relationships. I take a highly interactive approach to treatment, engaging with my patients as they explore the obstacles to their optimal spiritual, mental, physical and emotional well-being. Our goal, working together, is to turn those obstacles into opportunities for openness and integrity in personal and relationship issues.
(201) 512-8975 View (201) 512-8975
Photo of Elizabeth J Greenlee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Elizabeth J Greenlee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Waitlist for new clients
I help people access their potential. By empowering and supporting you, you will find freedom from the pain of old wounds, recovery from trauma and gain new ways of coping and relating. Central to this work will be the relationship between therapist and client, which evolves within a safe and compassionate space, within which you will find the courage to explore your concerns without feeling pushed or pathologized.
I help people access their potential. By empowering and supporting you, you will find freedom from the pain of old wounds, recovery from trauma and gain new ways of coping and relating. Central to this work will be the relationship between therapist and client, which evolves within a safe and compassionate space, within which you will find the courage to explore your concerns without feeling pushed or pathologized.
(973) 529-8058 View (973) 529-8058
Photo of Dr. Marissa Norman, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Dr. Marissa Norman
Psychologist, PsyD, CMPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07451  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Participating in sports is a fulfilling privilege that offers personal growth, opportunities, and exclusive experiences. However, it also comes with its own set of challenges, such as injury, sacrifice, and stress. As an athlete, you face a range of unique experiences and obstacles that require empathy and support from someone who truly understands.
Participating in sports is a fulfilling privilege that offers personal growth, opportunities, and exclusive experiences. However, it also comes with its own set of challenges, such as injury, sacrifice, and stress. As an athlete, you face a range of unique experiences and obstacles that require empathy and support from someone who truly understands.
(201) 879-6511 View (201) 879-6511
Photo of Ani Christine Mooney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Ani Christine Mooney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for 20 years. I received a Master’s Degree in Social Work from Fordham University. I hold a Post-Master’s certificate in Clinical Practice with Adolescents at New York University. I am specialized in the area of substance abuse, holding a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor certification. I have significant experience in adolescent mental health and family conflict, working with both the adolescent individually and family collectively.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for 20 years. I received a Master’s Degree in Social Work from Fordham University. I hold a Post-Master’s certificate in Clinical Practice with Adolescents at New York University. I am specialized in the area of substance abuse, holding a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor certification. I have significant experience in adolescent mental health and family conflict, working with both the adolescent individually and family collectively.
(551) 295-8228 View (551) 295-8228
Photo of Claudia M Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Claudia M Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
My professional purpose in life is clear; to connect with children/youth and their families as they navigate uncertain times and walk alongside them as they rebuild a healing path of hope, resiliency, and self-compassion. Healing comes in many ways and I support each individual to strengthen his/her/their emotional and mental cores. I know that hurt does not discriminate, but I also know that facing those hurts can become our superpowers!
My professional purpose in life is clear; to connect with children/youth and their families as they navigate uncertain times and walk alongside them as they rebuild a healing path of hope, resiliency, and self-compassion. Healing comes in many ways and I support each individual to strengthen his/her/their emotional and mental cores. I know that hurt does not discriminate, but I also know that facing those hurts can become our superpowers!
(551) 210-2710 View (551) 210-2710
Photo of Dr. Bridget Anton, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Dr. Bridget Anton
Psychologist, PhD, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
People often seek out therapy hoping for some form of change. Whether you are struggling with feelings of stress, anger, sadness, confusion, or frustration, or searching for peace, you are not meant to do it alone. My goal is to help you live a more meaningful life through a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focus, I create a unique plan for clients to most effectively address a broad range of issues including depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, marital distress, and to develop more adaptive skills related to coping and communication. We will work to create better awareness of yourself and create happier and healthier lives.
People often seek out therapy hoping for some form of change. Whether you are struggling with feelings of stress, anger, sadness, confusion, or frustration, or searching for peace, you are not meant to do it alone. My goal is to help you live a more meaningful life through a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focus, I create a unique plan for clients to most effectively address a broad range of issues including depression, anxiety, alcohol abuse, marital distress, and to develop more adaptive skills related to coping and communication. We will work to create better awareness of yourself and create happier and healthier lives.
(862) 212-0870 View (862) 212-0870
Photo of Aimee DeSheplo, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ridgewood, NJ
Aimee DeSheplo
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
I am in network and accepting new clients- Free 15 minute consultation available. Balancing the demands of life can be stressful and anxiety provoking. With the fast pace of our society as well as the definition of the family system changing-many have difficulty dealing with a variety of life stressors. As a result some may struggle to cope with everyday obstacles that can effect their emotional and physical health/wellbeing. I have experience with clients that may be dealing with depression or anxiety-as well as couples counseling. I also have knowledge of the school system and can assist with ones career and or life goals.
I am in network and accepting new clients- Free 15 minute consultation available. Balancing the demands of life can be stressful and anxiety provoking. With the fast pace of our society as well as the definition of the family system changing-many have difficulty dealing with a variety of life stressors. As a result some may struggle to cope with everyday obstacles that can effect their emotional and physical health/wellbeing. I have experience with clients that may be dealing with depression or anxiety-as well as couples counseling. I also have knowledge of the school system and can assist with ones career and or life goals.
(551) 228-1907 View (551) 228-1907
Photo of Center For Neuropsychology and Psychotherapy, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Center For Neuropsychology and Psychotherapy
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
Our Center offers a variety of therapeutic services in an ethical, nurturing, and supportive manner
Our Center offers a variety of therapeutic services in an ethical, nurturing, and supportive manner
(201) 885-5963 View (201) 885-5963
Photo of Elana Blumenthal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Elana Blumenthal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PsyA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am an open and sensitive person and clients feel very comfortable with me from the outset. I work well with individuals and families and can assist with a wide variety of problems that people face throughout their lives; marital/relationship difficulties, learning and school challenges, parenting struggles, major life events, and the depression and anxiety that often accompany all of life's ups and downs. By helping people gain some clarity of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, they can hopefully achieve a greater sense of control in their lives-- thereby leading to a greater sense of peace and wellness.
I am an open and sensitive person and clients feel very comfortable with me from the outset. I work well with individuals and families and can assist with a wide variety of problems that people face throughout their lives; marital/relationship difficulties, learning and school challenges, parenting struggles, major life events, and the depression and anxiety that often accompany all of life's ups and downs. By helping people gain some clarity of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, they can hopefully achieve a greater sense of control in their lives-- thereby leading to a greater sense of peace and wellness.
(201) 688-7046 View (201) 688-7046
Photo of Catherine Berezansky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Catherine Berezansky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, -R
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Therapy is about telling the truth. Listening for it, discovering it, and acknowledging it with the help of someone who makes that possible through trust. It's also about growth beyond difficult times, with guidance and encouragement. Over the last 25 years, mental health studies reveal that the most significant factor in successful outcomes is the alliance between the therapist and client. Often the practitioner's credentials, methodology, and theoretical framework are secondary. I specialize in work with couples, individuals and adolescents. My credentials include the 6-year psychotherapy privilege, the highest licensing of my profession in New York State.
Therapy is about telling the truth. Listening for it, discovering it, and acknowledging it with the help of someone who makes that possible through trust. It's also about growth beyond difficult times, with guidance and encouragement. Over the last 25 years, mental health studies reveal that the most significant factor in successful outcomes is the alliance between the therapist and client. Often the practitioner's credentials, methodology, and theoretical framework are secondary. I specialize in work with couples, individuals and adolescents. My credentials include the 6-year psychotherapy privilege, the highest licensing of my profession in New York State.
(201) 875-1223 View (201) 875-1223
Photo of Nicole Appello, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Nicole Appello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Thanks for stopping by! I understand that considering coming to therapy for the first time can be an intimidating experience. I want you to know that I am warm, friendly, non-judgmental and believe I have an innate aptitude for helping my clients achieve their authentic selves. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and one of my clinical areas of interest includes working with young adults to better understand and manage stress, develop a sense of purpose, and build resilience.
Thanks for stopping by! I understand that considering coming to therapy for the first time can be an intimidating experience. I want you to know that I am warm, friendly, non-judgmental and believe I have an innate aptitude for helping my clients achieve their authentic selves. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and one of my clinical areas of interest includes working with young adults to better understand and manage stress, develop a sense of purpose, and build resilience.
(551) 400-8238 View (551) 400-8238
Photo of Joanne Reiss, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Joanne Reiss, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
In my practice, I work closely with my clients to help them sort through their challenges at hand. I treat adults who may be facing stressful life transitions or struggling to cope with feelings of depression or anxiety. Every person has unique needs and personality, which are considered in developing a course of treatment. Helping clients develop insight to patterns of thinking and relating to others can offer clarity and hope. At times, utilizing skill-development tools can provide additional success in reducing stress, providing strategies for parenting challenges, or resolving relationship conflict.
In my practice, I work closely with my clients to help them sort through their challenges at hand. I treat adults who may be facing stressful life transitions or struggling to cope with feelings of depression or anxiety. Every person has unique needs and personality, which are considered in developing a course of treatment. Helping clients develop insight to patterns of thinking and relating to others can offer clarity and hope. At times, utilizing skill-development tools can provide additional success in reducing stress, providing strategies for parenting challenges, or resolving relationship conflict.
(201) 654-6762 View (201) 654-6762
Photo of Carroll E Arkema, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Carroll E Arkema
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, LMFT, LP, NCPsyT
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Not accepting new clients
Individual Psychotherapy is a process of getting to know yourself and your inner world, so you can live more fully in the outer world of work, play, and relationships. I do what I can to create a safe environment in which you can be emotionally honest with me and yourself, which allows you to access previously scary or unavailable parts of yourself, so that you can embrace your past; live more fully in the present; and be creatively alive in your future.
Individual Psychotherapy is a process of getting to know yourself and your inner world, so you can live more fully in the outer world of work, play, and relationships. I do what I can to create a safe environment in which you can be emotionally honest with me and yourself, which allows you to access previously scary or unavailable parts of yourself, so that you can embrace your past; live more fully in the present; and be creatively alive in your future.
(201) 283-8234 View (201) 283-8234
Photo of Dr. Maria Staropoli-Hafner, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Dr. Maria Staropoli-Hafner
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
You are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, and frustrated. You thought that in time you would feel better, but you don’t. You are struggling with obsessive thoughts that tell you, you’re not good enough, you’ll always feel this way, or you have to be perfect. You feel guilty, depressed, and embarrassed for thinking these thoughts and for behaving in ways you just can’t control. You feel like you are on a hamster wheel and going nowhere fast. You aren’t sure how you got to this place, but you know you want out. There is hope. You don’t have to feel this way and you don’t have to do it alone. We can work together to improve your life.
You are feeling anxious, overwhelmed, and frustrated. You thought that in time you would feel better, but you don’t. You are struggling with obsessive thoughts that tell you, you’re not good enough, you’ll always feel this way, or you have to be perfect. You feel guilty, depressed, and embarrassed for thinking these thoughts and for behaving in ways you just can’t control. You feel like you are on a hamster wheel and going nowhere fast. You aren’t sure how you got to this place, but you know you want out. There is hope. You don’t have to feel this way and you don’t have to do it alone. We can work together to improve your life.
(201) 879-6383 View (201) 879-6383
Photo of Lisa DeBarbrie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Lisa DeBarbrie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
I am a certified perinatal and postpartum mental health therapist, and specialize in working with women through planning for pregnancy, pregnancy, and the postpartum time. I offer therapy for women dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, reproductive complications, miscarriage, termination, grief, loss and parenting needs. Becoming a mother for the first time, or growing your family can be the most transformative experience of a mother’s life. You don’t have to experience motherhood alone. I look forward to helping you navigate this time in your life and will guide you toward achieving wellness.
I am a certified perinatal and postpartum mental health therapist, and specialize in working with women through planning for pregnancy, pregnancy, and the postpartum time. I offer therapy for women dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, reproductive complications, miscarriage, termination, grief, loss and parenting needs. Becoming a mother for the first time, or growing your family can be the most transformative experience of a mother’s life. You don’t have to experience motherhood alone. I look forward to helping you navigate this time in your life and will guide you toward achieving wellness.
(201) 977-6561 View (201) 977-6561
Photo of Caroline Dunn, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Caroline Dunn
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
Caroline has been a licensed social worker since 2015 and holds a Master's Degree from the Silberman School of Social Work. She has a passion for working with people who are neurodiverse and developmentally disabled to support them in achieving their goals. She has also been a speaker and host at conferences focused on Autism and enjoys educating others on topics ranging from social skills to dinosaurs.
Caroline has been a licensed social worker since 2015 and holds a Master's Degree from the Silberman School of Social Work. She has a passion for working with people who are neurodiverse and developmentally disabled to support them in achieving their goals. She has also been a speaker and host at conferences focused on Autism and enjoys educating others on topics ranging from social skills to dinosaurs.
(551) 291-1183 View (551) 291-1183
Photo of Keel Services, LLC in Ridgewood, NJ
Keel Services, LLC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Keel Services, LLC provides parents consultation, guidance and empowerment in navigating the special education system and meeting their child's academic, social, and emotional needs. Is your child struggling in school? Do you feel your child needs an evaluation? Does your child have an appropriate IEP? Are you finding it difficult to know where to start in supporting your child academically and/or emotionally?
Keel Services, LLC provides parents consultation, guidance and empowerment in navigating the special education system and meeting their child's academic, social, and emotional needs. Is your child struggling in school? Do you feel your child needs an evaluation? Does your child have an appropriate IEP? Are you finding it difficult to know where to start in supporting your child academically and/or emotionally?
(551) 400-8679 View (551) 400-8679

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

300+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
63% Parenting
61% Grief

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

57% Aetna
45% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
41% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ridgewood?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.