Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Smadar Salzman, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Smadar Salzman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
27 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Do you keep getting hurt in relationships? Keep repeating the same patterns that leave you anxious & depressed? You feel alone, numb, or spiral into intense overwhelming feelings out of nowhere. Early relationships are your blueprint for adult intimate relationships. They shape your perceptions & beliefs, often subconsciously. If you grew up with family conflict, abandonment, abuse, or trauma, adult relationships can be hard. You're tired of feeling stuck in the same painful patterns. You know something needs to change, you just aren't sure what, or how. You're ready to stop feeling broken & start navigating relationships with ease.
Do you keep getting hurt in relationships? Keep repeating the same patterns that leave you anxious & depressed? You feel alone, numb, or spiral into intense overwhelming feelings out of nowhere. Early relationships are your blueprint for adult intimate relationships. They shape your perceptions & beliefs, often subconsciously. If you grew up with family conflict, abandonment, abuse, or trauma, adult relationships can be hard. You're tired of feeling stuck in the same painful patterns. You know something needs to change, you just aren't sure what, or how. You're ready to stop feeling broken & start navigating relationships with ease.
(415) 702-0360 View (415) 702-0360
Photo of Janine Darwin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Janine Darwin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Are you anxious, emotionally overwhelmed, struggling with feelings of inadequacy, not able to make decisions, engaging in self destructive behaviors or just plain confused about why things (or people) are so difficult? Contact me. If you are struggling with poor relationships at work, with your partner, with your kids; contact me. If you just want a better understanding of how you think, feel and behave; contact me. Together we will uncover your internal healing abilities to achieve freedom and relief.
Are you anxious, emotionally overwhelmed, struggling with feelings of inadequacy, not able to make decisions, engaging in self destructive behaviors or just plain confused about why things (or people) are so difficult? Contact me. If you are struggling with poor relationships at work, with your partner, with your kids; contact me. If you just want a better understanding of how you think, feel and behave; contact me. Together we will uncover your internal healing abilities to achieve freedom and relief.
(415) 578-3944 View (415) 578-3944
Photo of Brittany M Ramirez, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Brittany M Ramirez
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Brittany M. Ramirez is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2013. Brittany helps people figure this "thing" out we call life. As she became a therapist working with clients, it became apparent that what Brittany does is help people with what she believes to be the human experience. So, that's what Brittany unofficially calls herself now: "the human experience therapist. " We all go through challenges, and they look different as we get older, but they never stop.
Brittany M. Ramirez is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who has been practicing since 2013. Brittany helps people figure this "thing" out we call life. As she became a therapist working with clients, it became apparent that what Brittany does is help people with what she believes to be the human experience. So, that's what Brittany unofficially calls herself now: "the human experience therapist. " We all go through challenges, and they look different as we get older, but they never stop.
(628) 200-3209 View (628) 200-3209
Photo of Gina Poelke, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Gina Poelke
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
Hello. I am a licensed psychologist with over 15 years of experience working with adults. I provide treatment for a host of issues including anxiety, panic, stress, depression, trauma, life transitions, grief, substance use, and severe mental illness. I will help and support you by providing brief psychotherapy to address specific problems, or provide longer term treatment to address multiple issues or long standing difficulties.
Hello. I am a licensed psychologist with over 15 years of experience working with adults. I provide treatment for a host of issues including anxiety, panic, stress, depression, trauma, life transitions, grief, substance use, and severe mental illness. I will help and support you by providing brief psychotherapy to address specific problems, or provide longer term treatment to address multiple issues or long standing difficulties.
(415) 408-7786 View (415) 408-7786
Photo of Kiley Lizama, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Kiley Lizama
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I specialize in multicultural counseling focused on racial identity, life transitions, and trauma. I work with you through a variety of challenges including anxiety, PTSD, cultural assimilation, and depression. I’m a big fan of real talk, understanding how systemic forms of oppression affect the mental health of BIPOC communities, & practicing self-compassion. I am honored to walk beside you on healing your journey and want to ensure you have a safe space to explore and strengthen who you are.
I specialize in multicultural counseling focused on racial identity, life transitions, and trauma. I work with you through a variety of challenges including anxiety, PTSD, cultural assimilation, and depression. I’m a big fan of real talk, understanding how systemic forms of oppression affect the mental health of BIPOC communities, & practicing self-compassion. I am honored to walk beside you on healing your journey and want to ensure you have a safe space to explore and strengthen who you are.
(408) 669-4629 View (408) 669-4629
Photo of Jennifer Velasquez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jennifer Velasquez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94110
Hi there, I'm Jennifer! I am a licensed clinical social worker with 6 years of experience working in the mental health field providing individual and group therapy. My specialty is in working with self-esteem issues, life transitions, grief and loss, trauma, anxiety, depression, and spiritual crisis (spiritual awakening, shadow work, “dark night of the soul”). I operate from a humanistic theoretical framework; which just means, I focus on the Individual as a whole and their existing strengths and positive behaviors. I meet you where you are at and welcome you without judgment.
Hi there, I'm Jennifer! I am a licensed clinical social worker with 6 years of experience working in the mental health field providing individual and group therapy. My specialty is in working with self-esteem issues, life transitions, grief and loss, trauma, anxiety, depression, and spiritual crisis (spiritual awakening, shadow work, “dark night of the soul”). I operate from a humanistic theoretical framework; which just means, I focus on the Individual as a whole and their existing strengths and positive behaviors. I meet you where you are at and welcome you without judgment.
(415) 707-3214 View (415) 707-3214
Photo of Joanna Lay, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Joanna Lay
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94123
It’s girl dinner again tonight. Glass of AIX in hand, you can finally start to feel your shoulders relax. Luke’s makes it so easy: Humboldt fog + rustic bakery crackers + Castelvetrano olives. You deserve it after all: first comforting your boss who was triggered after annual review and then your sister when she called you sobbing because her ex just reactivated his tinder profile–you know exactly how to support everyone else. So, it doesn’t make sense that you were on the verge of a panic attack (again) today, but look at how well you’re handling it.
It’s girl dinner again tonight. Glass of AIX in hand, you can finally start to feel your shoulders relax. Luke’s makes it so easy: Humboldt fog + rustic bakery crackers + Castelvetrano olives. You deserve it after all: first comforting your boss who was triggered after annual review and then your sister when she called you sobbing because her ex just reactivated his tinder profile–you know exactly how to support everyone else. So, it doesn’t make sense that you were on the verge of a panic attack (again) today, but look at how well you’re handling it.
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Photo of Emily Semow, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Emily Semow
Psychologist, PsyD, CEDS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94123
Adults and teens come to see me when there is something in their lives they want to change. This may be relief from a harsh inner critic, self doubt, sadness, and/or emptiness. It could be distress from work, school, family, relationships, or social situations. Some people are dealing with the impacts of one or more traumas. Others want help getting to the roots of body image distress or an eating disorder. Whatever the issue may be, my clients seek meaningful, lasting change. They look for both understanding and acceptance as well as the specific tools and insights that will facilitate a more satisfying life.
Adults and teens come to see me when there is something in their lives they want to change. This may be relief from a harsh inner critic, self doubt, sadness, and/or emptiness. It could be distress from work, school, family, relationships, or social situations. Some people are dealing with the impacts of one or more traumas. Others want help getting to the roots of body image distress or an eating disorder. Whatever the issue may be, my clients seek meaningful, lasting change. They look for both understanding and acceptance as well as the specific tools and insights that will facilitate a more satisfying life.
(628) 313-3746 View (628) 313-3746
Photo of Fred Peipman, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Fred Peipman
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94122
I provide action-oriented, solution-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in a conversational, compassionate, and interactive format. We will look at what works, what hasn't worked, come up with ideas and experiments, and help you learn to have a healthier relationship with your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I am known for my warmth, compassion, blunt honesty, irreverence, and sense of humor. I also provide psychological testing, couples' therapy, and career counseling.
I provide action-oriented, solution-focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in a conversational, compassionate, and interactive format. We will look at what works, what hasn't worked, come up with ideas and experiments, and help you learn to have a healthier relationship with your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. I am known for my warmth, compassion, blunt honesty, irreverence, and sense of humor. I also provide psychological testing, couples' therapy, and career counseling.
(415) 630-6406 View (415) 630-6406
Photo of Joshua Wylie, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Joshua Wylie
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94123
As a therapist I work collaboratively to help you reconcile with your past to free yourself of old patterns and self-limiting beliefs. Release blocked energy so that you can be a happier, higher-functioning person. Discover your own inner resources and ability to navigate the changes in your life. Access a more authentic self, develop a greater capacity for spontaneous self expression.
As a therapist I work collaboratively to help you reconcile with your past to free yourself of old patterns and self-limiting beliefs. Release blocked energy so that you can be a happier, higher-functioning person. Discover your own inner resources and ability to navigate the changes in your life. Access a more authentic self, develop a greater capacity for spontaneous self expression.
(415) 877-1521 View (415) 877-1521
Photo of Monique Martin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Monique Martin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
My name is Monique Martin. I have years of experience working with youth and families. I am compassionate, intuitive and authentic in my therapeutic approach. I use cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), solution focused therapy, client-centered therapy, mindfulness and motivational interviewing. I specialize in treating individuals struggling with depression, family conflict, relationship issues, history of trauma, anxiety, and life traditions.
My name is Monique Martin. I have years of experience working with youth and families. I am compassionate, intuitive and authentic in my therapeutic approach. I use cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), solution focused therapy, client-centered therapy, mindfulness and motivational interviewing. I specialize in treating individuals struggling with depression, family conflict, relationship issues, history of trauma, anxiety, and life traditions.
(415) 991-4913 View (415) 991-4913
Photo of Andrew Nelson Peterson, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Andrew Nelson Peterson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CCSOTS
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104
I specialize in working with individuals and couples who are experiencing challenges with addiction, emotional trauma/ptsd, depression & anxiety as well as issues regarding relationship negotiation, conflict resolution, intimacy, sex and sexuality. I focus on self-understanding, individual strengths, developing stronger communication skills and coping skills. My approach is collaborative, interactive, eclectic and engaging. I believe that therapy is a partnership as no-one should have to struggle with any of these issues alone. I work with my clients to better understand that there is a solution, that change is possibe and that there is Hope.
I specialize in working with individuals and couples who are experiencing challenges with addiction, emotional trauma/ptsd, depression & anxiety as well as issues regarding relationship negotiation, conflict resolution, intimacy, sex and sexuality. I focus on self-understanding, individual strengths, developing stronger communication skills and coping skills. My approach is collaborative, interactive, eclectic and engaging. I believe that therapy is a partnership as no-one should have to struggle with any of these issues alone. I work with my clients to better understand that there is a solution, that change is possibe and that there is Hope.
(628) 600-1369 View (628) 600-1369
Photo of Diana Halfmann, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Diana Halfmann
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94110
I listen with the intent of thoroughly understanding your concerns, unhealthy patterns, what might be keeping you stuck, as well as your vision for what you want more of in your life. I'm trained in and offer mindfulness practices, somatic interventions, CBT, expressive arts, as well as have a deep understanding of family systems and attachment styles so you will be able to understand your adaptive strategies from the past and make the changes in order to live your highest potential. I'm gender affirming and LGBTQ+ ally.
I listen with the intent of thoroughly understanding your concerns, unhealthy patterns, what might be keeping you stuck, as well as your vision for what you want more of in your life. I'm trained in and offer mindfulness practices, somatic interventions, CBT, expressive arts, as well as have a deep understanding of family systems and attachment styles so you will be able to understand your adaptive strategies from the past and make the changes in order to live your highest potential. I'm gender affirming and LGBTQ+ ally.
(415) 524-7921 View (415) 524-7921
Photo of Stanly Tran, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Stanly Tran
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
My aim is to help clients understand how their history and programming influences patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior. When insight and self-awareness of these patterns is established, we will develop ways to shift the combination of these things in a direction that is consistent with what is important or helpful.
My aim is to help clients understand how their history and programming influences patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior. When insight and self-awareness of these patterns is established, we will develop ways to shift the combination of these things in a direction that is consistent with what is important or helpful.
(510) 288-6788 View (510) 288-6788
Photo of Daniel Jin Blum, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Daniel Jin Blum
Psychologist, PhD, DBSM
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94140  (Online Only)
Having difficulties sleeping? Lacking the energy to perform at your best? As a Stanford trained sleep psychologist and Diplomate in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, I provide evidenced-based treatment for individuals coping with a wide range of concerns including trouble sleeping, anxiety and performance. I am passionate about helping people optimize their physical, mental and emotional health and take a collaborative and practical approach. I am committed to making sure we are a good fit, so please feel free to call me for a complimentary phone consultation.
Having difficulties sleeping? Lacking the energy to perform at your best? As a Stanford trained sleep psychologist and Diplomate in Behavioral Sleep Medicine, I provide evidenced-based treatment for individuals coping with a wide range of concerns including trouble sleeping, anxiety and performance. I am passionate about helping people optimize their physical, mental and emotional health and take a collaborative and practical approach. I am committed to making sure we are a good fit, so please feel free to call me for a complimentary phone consultation.
(415) 801-3612 View (415) 801-3612
Photo of Mara Romanak, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Mara Romanak
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
I particularly enjoy working with young adults who are going through a difficult time navigating the transition from early to mature adulthood, perhaps wrestling with issues around relationships, work, family, self-identity and performance; struggling with chronic feelings of anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem; or feeling they don't have the tools they need to manage life. I have over 25 years of experience working with both women and men; all are welcome.
I particularly enjoy working with young adults who are going through a difficult time navigating the transition from early to mature adulthood, perhaps wrestling with issues around relationships, work, family, self-identity and performance; struggling with chronic feelings of anxiety, depression, or low self-esteem; or feeling they don't have the tools they need to manage life. I have over 25 years of experience working with both women and men; all are welcome.
(415) 408-7963 View (415) 408-7963
Photo of Robert J. Buonfiglio, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Robert J. Buonfiglio
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist in California and New York in private practice, a Berkeley-certified executive coach, the 2020 CPA convention chair, the past president of the California Psychological Association, past president of the San Francisco Psychological Association, and the chairperson of the clinical advisory board at I V Y Labs. I have written two chapters for a men's health book on living with vitality and work-life balance. I aspire to draw from all my experiences to help you live passionately and move beyond obstacles holding you back.
I'm a licensed clinical psychologist in California and New York in private practice, a Berkeley-certified executive coach, the 2020 CPA convention chair, the past president of the California Psychological Association, past president of the San Francisco Psychological Association, and the chairperson of the clinical advisory board at I V Y Labs. I have written two chapters for a men's health book on living with vitality and work-life balance. I aspire to draw from all my experiences to help you live passionately and move beyond obstacles holding you back.
(415) 423-2980 View (415) 423-2980
Photo of Ginger Rhodes, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Ginger Rhodes
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
It is human to experience distress when we live through trauma – single events or ongoing. I work with people who are trying to manage that distress. In addition to survivors, I also work with those impacted by other people's trauma. That group can include loved ones and professionals who manage other people’s distress. I offer relational psychotherapy to individuals and trauma-focused case consultation to professionals. I am developing a sub-specialty in working with journalists exposed to occupational chronic stress and trauma. I have an appreciation for the role of journalism. It is a privilege to work with news professionals.
It is human to experience distress when we live through trauma – single events or ongoing. I work with people who are trying to manage that distress. In addition to survivors, I also work with those impacted by other people's trauma. That group can include loved ones and professionals who manage other people’s distress. I offer relational psychotherapy to individuals and trauma-focused case consultation to professionals. I am developing a sub-specialty in working with journalists exposed to occupational chronic stress and trauma. I have an appreciation for the role of journalism. It is a privilege to work with news professionals.
(415) 323-0984 View (415) 323-0984
Photo of Masha Lisitsa, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Masha Lisitsa
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, feeling stuck, burnt-out, or giving more than you are getting in your relationships, these are signs telling you it's time for a change. I work with individuals that want to shift painful patterns such as co-dependency, self-criticism, poor boundaries, or difficulty in intimate relationships. I also work with people who are experiencing transitions such as grief and loss, breakups, and career changes. I am trained in EMDR therapy (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), a highly effective tool for coping with and healing trauma.
If you're struggling with anxiety, depression, feeling stuck, burnt-out, or giving more than you are getting in your relationships, these are signs telling you it's time for a change. I work with individuals that want to shift painful patterns such as co-dependency, self-criticism, poor boundaries, or difficulty in intimate relationships. I also work with people who are experiencing transitions such as grief and loss, breakups, and career changes. I am trained in EMDR therapy (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), a highly effective tool for coping with and healing trauma.
(415) 692-7481 View (415) 692-7481
Photo of Scott Altamirano, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Scott Altamirano
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94103  (Online Only)
Accepting clients May 2024. I help clients have happier and more fulfilling lives by overcoming their anxieties to create happy and healthy relationships. Let me help you learn to invest in yourself and your overall wellbeing through habit building, dating, socializing, and improving our overall self esteem!
Accepting clients May 2024. I help clients have happier and more fulfilling lives by overcoming their anxieties to create happy and healthy relationships. Let me help you learn to invest in yourself and your overall wellbeing through habit building, dating, socializing, and improving our overall self esteem!
(682) 582-8683 View (682) 582-8683

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.