Therapists in Portland, OR

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Photo of Gina Adorno, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portland, OR
Gina Adorno
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CADC-I
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97211  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
There’s more for you than spending your one precious life spinning in circles. Sometimes we need help to break out of a cycle that isn’t serving us. Maybe you haven’t been able to reduce or quit drinking, you struggle with compulsive eating, or depressed feelings are keeping you from being fully engaged in your life. Working with a therapist can pivot your life in a way that drastically shifts the path you’re on. If you don’t like where you’re headed, I would like to help you move in a direction that feels inspiring and fulfilling to you.
There’s more for you than spending your one precious life spinning in circles. Sometimes we need help to break out of a cycle that isn’t serving us. Maybe you haven’t been able to reduce or quit drinking, you struggle with compulsive eating, or depressed feelings are keeping you from being fully engaged in your life. Working with a therapist can pivot your life in a way that drastically shifts the path you’re on. If you don’t like where you’re headed, I would like to help you move in a direction that feels inspiring and fulfilling to you.
(971) 260-4817 View (971) 260-4817
Photo of Relationship Centered Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, OR
Relationship Centered Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97232
Are you feeling internally conflicted? Is that is making you feel stuck and anxious? Maybe that internal conflict is manifesting in conflicts with others? Maybe you are just going around in circles in or your head, or worse, on a downward spiral? Do you berate yourself and it doesn't help? Are you ready to be kinder to yourself? Are you ready to be curious about yourself? Are you ready to get along with yourself and others better? Do you want more freedom, choice, autonomy, even agency in your life, but are struggling with how to get it? I can help with a "yes" to any or all of these questions.
Are you feeling internally conflicted? Is that is making you feel stuck and anxious? Maybe that internal conflict is manifesting in conflicts with others? Maybe you are just going around in circles in or your head, or worse, on a downward spiral? Do you berate yourself and it doesn't help? Are you ready to be kinder to yourself? Are you ready to be curious about yourself? Are you ready to get along with yourself and others better? Do you want more freedom, choice, autonomy, even agency in your life, but are struggling with how to get it? I can help with a "yes" to any or all of these questions.
(503) 308-7860 View (503) 308-7860
Photo of Megan Soland, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, OR
Megan Soland
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97214  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I help client's heal from trauma and re-establish a relationship with their intuition and learn how to trust themselves again. I help client’s through a deconditioning process to challenge past lessons and messages that no longer serve them so they can realign with their true self. I believe that each person is unique and requires an individual approach to treatment. I use a variety of modalities such as Eye Movement Desensitization Therapy (EMDR), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Interpersonal Neurobiology, Somatic-based therapies, and parts work such as Internal Family Systems and Ego-State interventions.
I help client's heal from trauma and re-establish a relationship with their intuition and learn how to trust themselves again. I help client’s through a deconditioning process to challenge past lessons and messages that no longer serve them so they can realign with their true self. I believe that each person is unique and requires an individual approach to treatment. I use a variety of modalities such as Eye Movement Desensitization Therapy (EMDR), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Narrative Therapy, Interpersonal Neurobiology, Somatic-based therapies, and parts work such as Internal Family Systems and Ego-State interventions.
(503) 966-3416 View (503) 966-3416
Photo of Ryan Burwell, Professional Counselor Associate in Portland, OR
Ryan Burwell
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97210  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My specialties include neurodivergence and LGBTQ+ issues. I also have experience with narcissistic abuse recovery. I take a person-centered approach to counseling and will gladly walk alongside you on your journey towards health and healing.
My specialties include neurodivergence and LGBTQ+ issues. I also have experience with narcissistic abuse recovery. I take a person-centered approach to counseling and will gladly walk alongside you on your journey towards health and healing.
(503) 212-9117 View (503) 212-9117
Photo of Amanda Best, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Portland, OR
Amanda Best
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97214  (Online Only)
If you’ve ever felt stuck in your relationship, alone in your sexual exploration, incapable of overcoming your triggers, or just unsupported, you’re in the right place. As a the founder of Bold Growth Therapy, I offer a direct and challenging yet nurturing presence to not only reach your therapeutic goals but to generate a deep internal belief system that speaks to your capability of being loved and deserving of connection. Whether it be navigating relationship injuries, betrayals, sexual concerns, life transitions, family issues, or trauma triggers; managing anxiety, or deepening your relationship, I'm here to facilitate change!
If you’ve ever felt stuck in your relationship, alone in your sexual exploration, incapable of overcoming your triggers, or just unsupported, you’re in the right place. As a the founder of Bold Growth Therapy, I offer a direct and challenging yet nurturing presence to not only reach your therapeutic goals but to generate a deep internal belief system that speaks to your capability of being loved and deserving of connection. Whether it be navigating relationship injuries, betrayals, sexual concerns, life transitions, family issues, or trauma triggers; managing anxiety, or deepening your relationship, I'm here to facilitate change!
(503) 506-4941 View (503) 506-4941
Photo of Jon Fox, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, OR
Jon Fox
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97215
Not accepting new clients
Do you find it difficult to get your own needs met in relationship, taking care of everybody else but yourself? I can help you become empowered to create more balanced and rewarding relationships in your life. Do you feel lonely, distant, and disconnected from your partner? Through our work together you can share greater trust and intimacy with your partner. Are you overwhelmed sometimes, feeling unsafe, and threatened due to the lingering affects of past abuse or trauma? I can help you become resilient to the effects of trauma and gain inner confidence, peace and lightness.
Do you find it difficult to get your own needs met in relationship, taking care of everybody else but yourself? I can help you become empowered to create more balanced and rewarding relationships in your life. Do you feel lonely, distant, and disconnected from your partner? Through our work together you can share greater trust and intimacy with your partner. Are you overwhelmed sometimes, feeling unsafe, and threatened due to the lingering affects of past abuse or trauma? I can help you become resilient to the effects of trauma and gain inner confidence, peace and lightness.
(503) 451-6261 View (503) 451-6261
Photo of Pepita L Payne, Psychologist in Portland, OR
Pepita L Payne
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97205
People come to therapy for many different reasons. Perhaps you wish to know yourself better or to understand what is happening in your relationships. Sometimes depression or anxiety become unmanageable. Emotional pain and suffering are normal aspects of life but it is possible to achieve a more balanced and resilient emotional state and more fulfilling relationships.
People come to therapy for many different reasons. Perhaps you wish to know yourself better or to understand what is happening in your relationships. Sometimes depression or anxiety become unmanageable. Emotional pain and suffering are normal aspects of life but it is possible to achieve a more balanced and resilient emotional state and more fulfilling relationships.
(971) 351-3392 View (971) 351-3392
Photo of Randy Olander, Psychologist in Portland, OR
Randy Olander
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97213  (Online Only)
I’m similar to the clients I work with in a lot of ways. Before becoming a psychologist, I held numerous jobs as a warehouse worker, a cook, a salesman, a teacher, and a nurse. I began working in mental health in the 1983 first as an assistant for hospitalized persons suffering with mental illness. I then became a psychiatric nurse where I helped clients with their medications the psychiatrist prescribed them. For the last 24 years I have provided psychotherapy to hundreds of clients. I think my long time working as a therapist and my down to earth nature is what makes me different.
I’m similar to the clients I work with in a lot of ways. Before becoming a psychologist, I held numerous jobs as a warehouse worker, a cook, a salesman, a teacher, and a nurse. I began working in mental health in the 1983 first as an assistant for hospitalized persons suffering with mental illness. I then became a psychiatric nurse where I helped clients with their medications the psychiatrist prescribed them. For the last 24 years I have provided psychotherapy to hundreds of clients. I think my long time working as a therapist and my down to earth nature is what makes me different.
(503) 994-5004 View (503) 994-5004
Photo of Amanda Salmick, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portland, OR
Amanda Salmick
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206
Not accepting new clients
I have a passion for working with individuals who are living with symptoms of trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, and depression. You may be struggling with emotion regulation, feeling stuck, persistanly sad, or hopeless. I use a variety of evidence based modailites in our sessions together to include DBT, IFS, and Brainspotting. I have completed the IFS Institute's level 1 training and am a certified Brainspotting practitioner. My counseling style infuses kindness, humor, and compassion to best support you in our sessions together.
I have a passion for working with individuals who are living with symptoms of trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, and depression. You may be struggling with emotion regulation, feeling stuck, persistanly sad, or hopeless. I use a variety of evidence based modailites in our sessions together to include DBT, IFS, and Brainspotting. I have completed the IFS Institute's level 1 training and am a certified Brainspotting practitioner. My counseling style infuses kindness, humor, and compassion to best support you in our sessions together.
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Photo of J.C. Stewart, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, OR
J.C. Stewart
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97214
I have done some of my best work therapeutically with clients who have a hard time being kind to themselves. I've found that patterns of self-criticism or even self-harm often, though not always, originate in dynamics that were present at home growing up. Challenges from childhood, adolescence and young adulthood can continue to affect your daily life, including your functioning and relationships, and I'm here to help. I'm proud to work with members of the LGBTQ+ communities.
I have done some of my best work therapeutically with clients who have a hard time being kind to themselves. I've found that patterns of self-criticism or even self-harm often, though not always, originate in dynamics that were present at home growing up. Challenges from childhood, adolescence and young adulthood can continue to affect your daily life, including your functioning and relationships, and I'm here to help. I'm proud to work with members of the LGBTQ+ communities.
(503) 741-2801 View (503) 741-2801
Photo of Maryann Hanlon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portland, OR
Maryann Hanlon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97212
I am a very interactive therapist and consider the client/therapist relationship to be critical to our work together. I work with couples struggling with issues such as infidelity, anger, anxiety, midlife crises, child management, communication. etc… I am a thirty year experiençed marriage/ couples counselor. I work with couples of all genders as well.
I am a very interactive therapist and consider the client/therapist relationship to be critical to our work together. I work with couples struggling with issues such as infidelity, anger, anxiety, midlife crises, child management, communication. etc… I am a thirty year experiençed marriage/ couples counselor. I work with couples of all genders as well.
(971) 251-1983 View (971) 251-1983
Photo of Catherine E. Sims, Licensed Professional Counselor in Portland, OR
Catherine E. Sims
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97205
Identifying how one's environment, thoughts, behaviors, and experiences influence each other and understanding the role that they play in our lives, is key to making changes and adopting a healthy perspective. I provide tailored and objective support to help navigate through life events that have created conflict or caused unrest. My education and professional experience (domestic and international) offer expertise to work with adult individuals who are dealing with personal obstacles.
Identifying how one's environment, thoughts, behaviors, and experiences influence each other and understanding the role that they play in our lives, is key to making changes and adopting a healthy perspective. I provide tailored and objective support to help navigate through life events that have created conflict or caused unrest. My education and professional experience (domestic and international) offer expertise to work with adult individuals who are dealing with personal obstacles.
(571) 765-2086 View (571) 765-2086
Photo of Celine Elise Redfield, Marriage & Family Therapist in Portland, OR
Celine Elise Redfield
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, ATR, EFT, MP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97232
My pronouns are they/them/theirs. I am currently only accepting clients for my anxiety group. I will collaborate with you by assisting you in identifying patterns that are no longer serving you. I will encourage you to be kind, loving, and compassionate towards yourself. Working from an empathic-based perspective, I will teach you to nurture yourself by using the tools of creative arts therapy, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness, visualization, acupressure, and EFT tapping to help find your innate strengths.
My pronouns are they/them/theirs. I am currently only accepting clients for my anxiety group. I will collaborate with you by assisting you in identifying patterns that are no longer serving you. I will encourage you to be kind, loving, and compassionate towards yourself. Working from an empathic-based perspective, I will teach you to nurture yourself by using the tools of creative arts therapy, cognitive restructuring, mindfulness, visualization, acupressure, and EFT tapping to help find your innate strengths.
(503) 837-3478 View (503) 837-3478
Photo of Anthony Blair, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portland, OR
Anthony Blair
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97223
Hi! I’m Anthony Blair! I provide counseling for a wide variety of emotional and mental health needs for adults 18+ and adult couples. I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults, elderly individuals, and couples. Through careful reflection, openness to learning and growing, planning, intention setting , and practice, I believe that people can realize their dreams and tackle their biggest fears. When doing counseling with me, I expect you'll find enhanced senses of joy, calm, clarity, peace of mind, healing, and relief from whatever it is that is on your mind.
Hi! I’m Anthony Blair! I provide counseling for a wide variety of emotional and mental health needs for adults 18+ and adult couples. I have experience working with children, adolescents, adults, elderly individuals, and couples. Through careful reflection, openness to learning and growing, planning, intention setting , and practice, I believe that people can realize their dreams and tackle their biggest fears. When doing counseling with me, I expect you'll find enhanced senses of joy, calm, clarity, peace of mind, healing, and relief from whatever it is that is on your mind.
(503) 386-0435 x8118 View (503) 386-0435 x8118
Photo of Amanda Antenucci, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Portland, OR
Amanda Antenucci
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MAC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97219
Waitlist for new clients
EMDR Certified Therapist in OR and WA. Our social environments, whether that be the workplace, school, family, or community can have deep impacts on our mental health. Workplace trauma has increased, especially for those in the helping professions. I identify as white, cisgender, and queer, and I work from an understanding of how privilege and power show up in my personal life, as well as in my therapy practice. My approach affirms my clients’ racial identities, sexual orientation, gender identities, and body size. I maintain awareness of how oppression can impact our internal and external experiences.
EMDR Certified Therapist in OR and WA. Our social environments, whether that be the workplace, school, family, or community can have deep impacts on our mental health. Workplace trauma has increased, especially for those in the helping professions. I identify as white, cisgender, and queer, and I work from an understanding of how privilege and power show up in my personal life, as well as in my therapy practice. My approach affirms my clients’ racial identities, sexual orientation, gender identities, and body size. I maintain awareness of how oppression can impact our internal and external experiences.
(503) 486-4234 View (503) 486-4234
Photo of Amenda Clinic in Portland, OR
Amenda Clinic
ND, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97232
We are an integrative mental health clinic that offers a broad range of therapies with both Counselors and Naturopaths. This holistic approach allows patients to experience healing at a biological and emotional level with a team of collaborative caregivers that surpasses the use of just a therapist or just medication or just any one thing. You can have your whole story heard, the big picture of your mental and physical health supported all in one, for healing unlike you've experienced yet.
We are an integrative mental health clinic that offers a broad range of therapies with both Counselors and Naturopaths. This holistic approach allows patients to experience healing at a biological and emotional level with a team of collaborative caregivers that surpasses the use of just a therapist or just medication or just any one thing. You can have your whole story heard, the big picture of your mental and physical health supported all in one, for healing unlike you've experienced yet.
(503) 470-7776 View (503) 470-7776
Photo of Brandy Tidwell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Portland, OR
Brandy Tidwell
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97227
I believe we each need to be understood, valued, and accepted exactly as we are. My goal is to provide a safe and affirming relationship where we can collaboratively explore who you are, how you came to be, and who you hope to become as we work together toward your goals. I bring a holistic perspective that emphasizes healing in relationship and integration of mind & body. In session this might look like practicing mindfulness, learning nervous system regulation tools, exploring attachment, or practicing communication. My hope is that therapy can empower you to live authentically, accept yourself more fully, and cultivate belonging.
I believe we each need to be understood, valued, and accepted exactly as we are. My goal is to provide a safe and affirming relationship where we can collaboratively explore who you are, how you came to be, and who you hope to become as we work together toward your goals. I bring a holistic perspective that emphasizes healing in relationship and integration of mind & body. In session this might look like practicing mindfulness, learning nervous system regulation tools, exploring attachment, or practicing communication. My hope is that therapy can empower you to live authentically, accept yourself more fully, and cultivate belonging.
(971) 278-9175 View (971) 278-9175
Photo of Jey E Jang, Professional Counselor Associate in Portland, OR
Jey E Jang
Professional Counselor Associate, MA, MT-BC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97214  (Online Only)
Jey is a first-generation Korean-American woman who understands firsthand the challenges of living with marginalized identities and navigating between different cultural values and expectations. With her 12+ years of clinical experience in the mental health field, she provides a unique blend of trauma-informed psychotherapy with integrated healing modalities.
Jey is a first-generation Korean-American woman who understands firsthand the challenges of living with marginalized identities and navigating between different cultural values and expectations. With her 12+ years of clinical experience in the mental health field, she provides a unique blend of trauma-informed psychotherapy with integrated healing modalities.
(503) 438-4407 View (503) 438-4407
Photo of Emma Knighton, Counselor in Portland, OR
Emma Knighton
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Portland, OR 97202
Not accepting new clients
I will work with you to attend to your mind, body, & spirit. It is common for people who have experienced significant life changes, challenging relationship dynamics, or trauma to feel a sense of disconnection from their inner self, their bodies, & their relationships. It often feels as if the weight of your experiences are blocking you from fully engaging in your present life. I specialize in helping you heal these barriers to growth & building unity within yourself & your relationships. My approach is grounded in anti-oppression, queer, feminist, & consent theories and is poly, kink, sex-worker, & gender-identity affirming.
I will work with you to attend to your mind, body, & spirit. It is common for people who have experienced significant life changes, challenging relationship dynamics, or trauma to feel a sense of disconnection from their inner self, their bodies, & their relationships. It often feels as if the weight of your experiences are blocking you from fully engaging in your present life. I specialize in helping you heal these barriers to growth & building unity within yourself & your relationships. My approach is grounded in anti-oppression, queer, feminist, & consent theories and is poly, kink, sex-worker, & gender-identity affirming.
(503) 436-6402 View (503) 436-6402
Photo of Jenette A. Arellano, Professional Counselor Associate in Portland, OR
Jenette A. Arellano
Professional Counselor Associate, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
Portland, OR 97206  (Online Only)
My clients are mostly adults in individual and couples therapy who are navigating the stressors of relationships, adulthood, life transitions, communication, dating, anxiety, and attachment. You may be someone who is struggling to live in the uncertainty that life often brings, or maybe you're navigating boundaries in your relationships - all things that bring about anxiety and fear for many people. Despite what it may be, I am here to support you and talk through it with you. I can offer support in areas of anxiety, depression, grief, family/relationship/dating challenges, identity formation, sexuality, and personal growth.
My clients are mostly adults in individual and couples therapy who are navigating the stressors of relationships, adulthood, life transitions, communication, dating, anxiety, and attachment. You may be someone who is struggling to live in the uncertainty that life often brings, or maybe you're navigating boundaries in your relationships - all things that bring about anxiety and fear for many people. Despite what it may be, I am here to support you and talk through it with you. I can offer support in areas of anxiety, depression, grief, family/relationship/dating challenges, identity formation, sexuality, and personal growth.
(503) 782-9152 View (503) 782-9152

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Portland, OR

3,000+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Portland, OR who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
67% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

55% PacificSource
47% Aetna
38% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Portland, OR see their clients

56% In Person and Online
44% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Portland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.