Therapists in Cambridge, MA

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Photo of Angela Kyrish, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Angela Kyrish
Counselor, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck. By working together, I want to assist you in recognizing your strengths, healing old wounds, and building the tools needed to get through difficult situations. If you're currently experiencing anxiety or depression, recovering from a loss or trauma, struggling with disordered eating, or noticing that you're very hard on yourself, I am here to support you. My role is to be fully present for you, and to help you build a more meaningful, authentic, and fulfilling life.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, disconnected, or stuck. By working together, I want to assist you in recognizing your strengths, healing old wounds, and building the tools needed to get through difficult situations. If you're currently experiencing anxiety or depression, recovering from a loss or trauma, struggling with disordered eating, or noticing that you're very hard on yourself, I am here to support you. My role is to be fully present for you, and to help you build a more meaningful, authentic, and fulfilling life.
(512) 601-5368 View (512) 601-5368
Photo of Gail Ranere Nunes, Licensed Professional Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Gail Ranere Nunes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, EdM, LMHC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
I work at New England Center for OCD and anxiety (NECOA) where I see children, adolescents, and adults. I also lead a Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE) group and soon a mindfulness group as well. My experience includes working with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, OCD, and depression. Having spent three decades in urban public schools with children and families and returning after the pandemic, I am acutely aware of how COVID has impacted the emotional wellbeing of so many. Please join me in practicing the strategies that will support you to regroup as you remember your inner strength.
I work at New England Center for OCD and anxiety (NECOA) where I see children, adolescents, and adults. I also lead a Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions (SPACE) group and soon a mindfulness group as well. My experience includes working with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, OCD, and depression. Having spent three decades in urban public schools with children and families and returning after the pandemic, I am acutely aware of how COVID has impacted the emotional wellbeing of so many. Please join me in practicing the strategies that will support you to regroup as you remember your inner strength.
(857) 392-6401 View (857) 392-6401
Photo of Jessica Slavin Connelly, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Jessica Slavin Connelly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02140  (Online Only)
It takes courage and awareness to reach out for support, and I am glad you are here. I strive for our work together to feel immediately comforting, meaningful, real, and effective in getting to the heart of your core concerns. I work from a trauma-informed, context informed, integrative framework in a warm and interactive environment, drawing from holistic, cognitive, and psychodynamic perspectives and I am a DBT and EMDR certified practitioner. Our relationship matters the most in terms of building trust to achieve goals. On that note, I am a Jewish Therapist. If this is of concern for you, I suggest seeing alternative referrals.
It takes courage and awareness to reach out for support, and I am glad you are here. I strive for our work together to feel immediately comforting, meaningful, real, and effective in getting to the heart of your core concerns. I work from a trauma-informed, context informed, integrative framework in a warm and interactive environment, drawing from holistic, cognitive, and psychodynamic perspectives and I am a DBT and EMDR certified practitioner. Our relationship matters the most in terms of building trust to achieve goals. On that note, I am a Jewish Therapist. If this is of concern for you, I suggest seeing alternative referrals.
(617) 752-2945 View (617) 752-2945
Photo of Kerlie Merizier, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Kerlie Merizier
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02141
My ideal client is someone who is ready to explore their patterns, thoughts, and unique stories. They may be struggling with anxiety or depression or haven't fully processed traumas and attachment issues in their lifetime. This ideal client may be detached from their emotions, have a hard time letting go, or find it difficult to experience joy. This person is motivated for change and seeks more insight about themselves.
My ideal client is someone who is ready to explore their patterns, thoughts, and unique stories. They may be struggling with anxiety or depression or haven't fully processed traumas and attachment issues in their lifetime. This ideal client may be detached from their emotions, have a hard time letting go, or find it difficult to experience joy. This person is motivated for change and seeks more insight about themselves.
(857) 420-7241 View (857) 420-7241
Photo of Natalie Reed, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Natalie Reed
Counselor, LMHC, MA, MPHIL
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
We're more anxious right now than ever, trying to navigate everything that is happening in our lives and our world. It's easy to get out of balance, especially during this difficult time. It's hard to navigate our own lives and now we have other worries, many that feel beyond our control. Drawing on my experience and training in existential philosophy and contemporary psychodynamic therapy...a compassionate rigorous insistence on taking responsibility for oneself, we’ll try to make sense of all this, navigating habits and patterns you keep falling back on; finding connections to the things you feel are most important in your life.
We're more anxious right now than ever, trying to navigate everything that is happening in our lives and our world. It's easy to get out of balance, especially during this difficult time. It's hard to navigate our own lives and now we have other worries, many that feel beyond our control. Drawing on my experience and training in existential philosophy and contemporary psychodynamic therapy...a compassionate rigorous insistence on taking responsibility for oneself, we’ll try to make sense of all this, navigating habits and patterns you keep falling back on; finding connections to the things you feel are most important in your life.
(857) 259-5994 View (857) 259-5994
Photo of Nicole Claudia, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Nicole Claudia
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02140  (Online Only)
I believe that each person has within them a profound innate ability to heal. And my passion is helping people to find that ability within themselves and bring balance and wellness to their lives. My practice has a Holistic focus, and as a trained Clinical Psychologist with experience in health psychology and wellness for over a decade, I can inspire you to find ways to move forward toward wholeness and healing without getting stuck in the past.
I believe that each person has within them a profound innate ability to heal. And my passion is helping people to find that ability within themselves and bring balance and wellness to their lives. My practice has a Holistic focus, and as a trained Clinical Psychologist with experience in health psychology and wellness for over a decade, I can inspire you to find ways to move forward toward wholeness and healing without getting stuck in the past.
(617) 340-2599 View (617) 340-2599
Photo of Amy Mitchell, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Amy Mitchell
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02139
Waitlist for new clients
My approach to therapy is flexible and collaborative as I work with clients to develop a greater understanding of themselves, their relationships, and the patterns that are contributing to their dissatisfaction or distress. I think it is important to provide people with tools to improve self-care, decrease stress, and feel more in control as they work toward the positive changes they would like to see in their lives. I am experienced in working with difficulties related to college and graduate-student life, life transitions, peer and family relationships, grief, and eating issues.
My approach to therapy is flexible and collaborative as I work with clients to develop a greater understanding of themselves, their relationships, and the patterns that are contributing to their dissatisfaction or distress. I think it is important to provide people with tools to improve self-care, decrease stress, and feel more in control as they work toward the positive changes they would like to see in their lives. I am experienced in working with difficulties related to college and graduate-student life, life transitions, peer and family relationships, grief, and eating issues.
(617) 299-7485 View (617) 299-7485
Photo of Jose Ramos-Rodriguez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Jose Ramos-Rodriguez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02142  (Online Only)
I'm glad that you have decided to give therapy a chance and work towards your self-development! My name is Jose and I hold a Master's Degree in Clinical Social Work. I've been in the field for over 15 years working with Adults and Adolescents and I understand the obstacles and intricacies of seeking out support for one's mental health. While it certainly is not an easy feat, it is one that you will be glad that you set out to accomplish once you make it out on the other side. I also speak Spanish.
I'm glad that you have decided to give therapy a chance and work towards your self-development! My name is Jose and I hold a Master's Degree in Clinical Social Work. I've been in the field for over 15 years working with Adults and Adolescents and I understand the obstacles and intricacies of seeking out support for one's mental health. While it certainly is not an easy feat, it is one that you will be glad that you set out to accomplish once you make it out on the other side. I also speak Spanish.
(617) 804-6724 View (617) 804-6724
Photo of Jackie Mascher, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Jackie Mascher
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed psychologist with over 30 years of clinical experience. I understand that seeking a therapist is an act of profound courage and wellness, and I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your concerns. I work with you at your own pace to recognize, validate, and support your natural strengths while gently challenging you to identify, understand, and alleviate symptoms, suffering, and barriers to fulfillment.
I'm a licensed psychologist with over 30 years of clinical experience. I understand that seeking a therapist is an act of profound courage and wellness, and I offer a safe, non-judgmental space to explore your concerns. I work with you at your own pace to recognize, validate, and support your natural strengths while gently challenging you to identify, understand, and alleviate symptoms, suffering, and barriers to fulfillment.
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Photo of Erica DuFresne, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Erica DuFresne
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02141
My ideal client has either experienced a past trauma and/or is dealing with anxiety or depression. This client can be someone diagnosed with ASD, as I enjoy working with neurodiverse populations. This client should want guidance and support to develop emotional regulation skills, build positive relationships with others, or process their emotional experiences. I can help support those going through various life transitions, as well as help people develop self-awareness and understanding.
My ideal client has either experienced a past trauma and/or is dealing with anxiety or depression. This client can be someone diagnosed with ASD, as I enjoy working with neurodiverse populations. This client should want guidance and support to develop emotional regulation skills, build positive relationships with others, or process their emotional experiences. I can help support those going through various life transitions, as well as help people develop self-awareness and understanding.
(857) 420-7511 View (857) 420-7511
Photo of Dr. Laura Russell, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Dr. Laura Russell
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
Are you feeling emotionally depleted and uncertain about the future? I specialize in individual therapy for individuals who are struggling with anxiety, OCD, depression, grief/loss, relational issues, insomnia, and trauma. If you are feeling distressed, isolated, or experiencing problems in your relationships I hope I can guide you through these challenging times. My goal as your therapist would be to help you find your own pathway to healing, balance, and a peace of mind.
Are you feeling emotionally depleted and uncertain about the future? I specialize in individual therapy for individuals who are struggling with anxiety, OCD, depression, grief/loss, relational issues, insomnia, and trauma. If you are feeling distressed, isolated, or experiencing problems in your relationships I hope I can guide you through these challenging times. My goal as your therapist would be to help you find your own pathway to healing, balance, and a peace of mind.
(781) 262-1363 View (781) 262-1363
Photo of Rhys Triolo Rodriguez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Cambridge, MA
Rhys Triolo Rodriguez
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Rhys Triolo-Rodriguez is an LMHC-eligible Expressive Arts Therapist, with 5 years experience working in the field. She is passionate about working with all ages and walks of life. Through the modalities of Expressive Arts therapy and her background in Holistic psychology, she connects with clients and creates a space that allows for vulnerability, reflection, healing, creativity, and encouragement. Rhys specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, self-esteem, life transitions, art therapy, bibliotherapy, holistic approaches, and play therapy. She is an alumnus of Lesley University.
Rhys Triolo-Rodriguez is an LMHC-eligible Expressive Arts Therapist, with 5 years experience working in the field. She is passionate about working with all ages and walks of life. Through the modalities of Expressive Arts therapy and her background in Holistic psychology, she connects with clients and creates a space that allows for vulnerability, reflection, healing, creativity, and encouragement. Rhys specializes in depression, anxiety, grief, trauma, relationship issues, self-esteem, life transitions, art therapy, bibliotherapy, holistic approaches, and play therapy. She is an alumnus of Lesley University.
(617) 675-4989 View (617) 675-4989
Photo of Charla Ruby Malamed, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Charla Ruby Malamed
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02139  (Online Only)
Psychological suffering exists on different levels and manifests in different ways, in psyche, body, interpersonally, socially, both consciously and unconsciously. Thankfully, there are many ways to address psychological struggle, ranging from the exploration of non-conscious intra-psychic and interpersonal dynamics underlying "symptoms" to the exploration of ways that we are alienated from community and meaningful action in community. My work is social justice-informed and incorporates an understanding of how larger socio-political systems impact our lives. Facilitating empowerment is key in my work.
Psychological suffering exists on different levels and manifests in different ways, in psyche, body, interpersonally, socially, both consciously and unconsciously. Thankfully, there are many ways to address psychological struggle, ranging from the exploration of non-conscious intra-psychic and interpersonal dynamics underlying "symptoms" to the exploration of ways that we are alienated from community and meaningful action in community. My work is social justice-informed and incorporates an understanding of how larger socio-political systems impact our lives. Facilitating empowerment is key in my work.
(857) 392-4425 View (857) 392-4425
Photo of Sarah L Lusk, PhD, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Sarah L Lusk, PhD
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138
Not accepting new clients
Asking for help can be very difficult. With over 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist working with children, adolescents and adults I appreciate how difficult life can be. I believe in collaboration, working together to help you understand difficulties in depth and find long-lasting relief. People describe me as honest, warm, easy to talk to, and respectful.
Asking for help can be very difficult. With over 20 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist working with children, adolescents and adults I appreciate how difficult life can be. I believe in collaboration, working together to help you understand difficulties in depth and find long-lasting relief. People describe me as honest, warm, easy to talk to, and respectful.
(617) 477-8490 View (617) 477-8490
Photo of Pamela Pacelli, Marriage & Family Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Pamela Pacelli
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMHC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02140  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You might be an individual going through a life transition and you would like an experienced, compassionate and collaborative therapist to help you bring yourself into full expression, through appreciating your strengths, and working with you to create goals and connections to a better future. Or, perhaps you are partnered, having difficulty with patterns of communication and want a safe place to re connect.oo
You might be an individual going through a life transition and you would like an experienced, compassionate and collaborative therapist to help you bring yourself into full expression, through appreciating your strengths, and working with you to create goals and connections to a better future. Or, perhaps you are partnered, having difficulty with patterns of communication and want a safe place to re connect.oo
(617) 333-8407 View (617) 333-8407
Photo of Brandon Kirkwood, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Brandon Kirkwood
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
Do you struggle to feel satisfied in your personal or professional life? If so, you're certainly not alone. In striving for personal and professional success, it’s easy to become disconnected from yourself and the relationships that matter most. As pressure and stress build, you may find yourself feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, or struggling to remain present. I enjoy helping students and working professionals face the demands of high-pressure environments without losing connection to themselves or the people they care about most.
Do you struggle to feel satisfied in your personal or professional life? If so, you're certainly not alone. In striving for personal and professional success, it’s easy to become disconnected from yourself and the relationships that matter most. As pressure and stress build, you may find yourself feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, or struggling to remain present. I enjoy helping students and working professionals face the demands of high-pressure environments without losing connection to themselves or the people they care about most.
(508) 715-6847 View (508) 715-6847
Photo of Rebecca Austin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Cambridge, MA
Rebecca Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02141
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
I am a Licensed Social Worker with a passion for decreasing the stigma surrounding mental health and promoting the health and well being of my clients. For my undergraduate degree, I moved from Central Jersey (Yes! It exists!) to South Jersey to attend Stockton University. I received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Social Work with a Minor in Behavioral Neuroscience from Stockton, and then moved on to attend graduate school in Philadelphia. I received my Master of Social Work Degree with a clinical concentration from the University of Pennsylvania’s School of Social Policy and Practice in May of 2020.
(857) 675-3336 View (857) 675-3336
Photo of Liz Levarity, Counselor in Cambridge, MA
Liz Levarity
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02139
Liz Levarity is a bilingual (English/Haitian-Creole) Licensed Mental Health Counselor who earned a Masters Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Cambridge College and Bachelors from Northeastern University. She brings transparency, passion, and collaboration to the counseling process in order to provide genuine care to individuals, families, and groups. With over 10 years of experience, Liz has worked in several behavioral health agencies assisting a diverse set of individuals in stabilizing their lives and minds while they navigate through life’s obstacles.
Liz Levarity is a bilingual (English/Haitian-Creole) Licensed Mental Health Counselor who earned a Masters Degree in Mental Health Counseling from Cambridge College and Bachelors from Northeastern University. She brings transparency, passion, and collaboration to the counseling process in order to provide genuine care to individuals, families, and groups. With over 10 years of experience, Liz has worked in several behavioral health agencies assisting a diverse set of individuals in stabilizing their lives and minds while they navigate through life’s obstacles.
(617) 766-1286 View (617) 766-1286
Photo of Marsha Vannicelli, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Marsha Vannicelli
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Cambridge, MA 02138  (Online Only)
I understand the importance of developing resilience-to-change in order to effectively cope with major life transitions (marriage, birth of a child, retirement, new job). Without such resilience, life can feel overwhelming, self esteem becomes precarious, and mood can dip dramatically. Through my warm, direct, highly interactional approach (elaborated at www.marshavannicelli.com), I collaborate with clients to address behaviors that continue to cause pain. My books, teaching and supervision have provided training for 100s of other clinicians to help their clients to feel more empowered in relationship and to fulfill their potential
I understand the importance of developing resilience-to-change in order to effectively cope with major life transitions (marriage, birth of a child, retirement, new job). Without such resilience, life can feel overwhelming, self esteem becomes precarious, and mood can dip dramatically. Through my warm, direct, highly interactional approach (elaborated at www.marshavannicelli.com), I collaborate with clients to address behaviors that continue to cause pain. My books, teaching and supervision have provided training for 100s of other clinicians to help their clients to feel more empowered in relationship and to fulfill their potential
(857) 239-0210 View (857) 239-0210
Photo of Lisa W Coyne, Psychologist in Cambridge, MA
Lisa W Coyne
Psychologist, MA, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Cambridge, MA 02138
I specialize in treating children, teens, and adults with OCD, anxiety, or related issues, and have nearly 30 years of experience. My goal is to help individuals who are struggling to build lives that they love - and it is an honor to journey with them to grow and thrive. My approach includes CBT (Exposure and Response Prevention; ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I provide individual and group therapy, consultation, assessment, and transition services for youth moving across levels of care. I also supervise and train for other clinicians, nationally and internationally.
I specialize in treating children, teens, and adults with OCD, anxiety, or related issues, and have nearly 30 years of experience. My goal is to help individuals who are struggling to build lives that they love - and it is an honor to journey with them to grow and thrive. My approach includes CBT (Exposure and Response Prevention; ERP) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). I provide individual and group therapy, consultation, assessment, and transition services for youth moving across levels of care. I also supervise and train for other clinicians, nationally and internationally.
(781) 517-7554 View (781) 517-7554

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Cambridge, MA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Cambridge, MA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Trauma and PTSD
64% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

80% BlueCross and BlueShield
49% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Cambridge, MA see their clients

54% In Person and Online
46% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Cambridge?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.