Photo of Deborah Walsh, Licensed Professional Counselor in Rochester, NH
Deborah Walsh
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Rochester, NH 03867  (Online Only)
Do you long for greater fulfillment in your personal relationships or at work? Are you considering a career change? Do you want to apply your professional skills and strengths in more rewarding and competitive ways?  The focus of my counseling is on the Transitions - planned and unplanned, that we encounter in life. These may involve life changes, education, career, or health matters, among other things. I can help you identify and build on your strengths and resilience for greater success and happiness as you move forward in your relationships.
Do you long for greater fulfillment in your personal relationships or at work? Are you considering a career change? Do you want to apply your professional skills and strengths in more rewarding and competitive ways?  The focus of my counseling is on the Transitions - planned and unplanned, that we encounter in life. These may involve life changes, education, career, or health matters, among other things. I can help you identify and build on your strengths and resilience for greater success and happiness as you move forward in your relationships.
(207) 358-6189 View (207) 358-6189

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lisa Gallo, Counselor in Rochester, NH
Lisa Gallo
Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Dover, NH 03820
Certified in EMDR Therapy, Trauma Therapy effective in helping people break patterns/heal from emotional injuries; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-can be very effective for insomnia and sleep issues,Integrative Treatment for Binge Eating Disorder from a holistic perspective in which there is a support team working together to assist you.
Therapy is a journey of self exploration that often begins with a problem or symptom that brings one pain or discomfort. My role as a therapist is to provide support, skills and resources so you develop insights and healing. We will work together to reach your goals and build a more satisfying life. My framework is holistic and honors the importance emotional health, physical health, relationships, spirit, community and purpose in a person’s journey.
Certified in EMDR Therapy, Trauma Therapy effective in helping people break patterns/heal from emotional injuries; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-can be very effective for insomnia and sleep issues,Integrative Treatment for Binge Eating Disorder from a holistic perspective in which there is a support team working together to assist you.
Therapy is a journey of self exploration that often begins with a problem or symptom that brings one pain or discomfort. My role as a therapist is to provide support, skills and resources so you develop insights and healing. We will work together to reach your goals and build a more satisfying life. My framework is holistic and honors the importance emotional health, physical health, relationships, spirit, community and purpose in a person’s journey.
(603) 431-6677 x304 View (603) 431-6677 x304
Photo of Michelle Houle, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Rochester, NH
Michelle Houle
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MLADC
Verified Verified
Dover, NH 03820
I'm so glad that you took the step to find a therapist to help you in your struggles! Life can be hectic and overwhelming and when you're struggling with issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, separation/divorce, substances, issues with your children, the overwhelming feelings can feel like too much. I'm here to help you in dealing with these struggles. You don't have to continue to carry these issues alone.
I'm so glad that you took the step to find a therapist to help you in your struggles! Life can be hectic and overwhelming and when you're struggling with issues such as trauma, depression, anxiety, separation/divorce, substances, issues with your children, the overwhelming feelings can feel like too much. I'm here to help you in dealing with these struggles. You don't have to continue to carry these issues alone.
(508) 928-4190 View (508) 928-4190
Photo of Susan Riedl, Art Therapist in Rochester, NH
Susan Riedl
Art Therapist, LCMHC, ATR
Verified Verified
Dover, NH 03820
The therapeutic models that I utilize include: Art Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Accepting new clients. (Last updated 1/12/24). Licensed in NH and Maine. Art Psychotherapy is using creative techniques to better understand emotions and behaviors. I am a licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor who offers traditional talk therapy and art therapy. My philosophy and therapeutic approach embraces the creative process. I believe that the human spirit is inspired and healed by nature. This approach can be transformative for individuals.
The therapeutic models that I utilize include: Art Therapy, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
Accepting new clients. (Last updated 1/12/24). Licensed in NH and Maine. Art Psychotherapy is using creative techniques to better understand emotions and behaviors. I am a licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor who offers traditional talk therapy and art therapy. My philosophy and therapeutic approach embraces the creative process. I believe that the human spirit is inspired and healed by nature. This approach can be transformative for individuals.
(855) 931-0476 View (855) 931-0476
Photo of Derek T Edge, Counselor in Rochester, NH
Derek T Edge
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Dover, NH 03820
I provide assessment, treatment, & consultation in areas of domestic & sexual violence, anger management, & a variety of behavior & mental health disorders. I offer a number of weekly groups, classes and individual sessions. I have provided direct treatment & clinical oversight to children & adults in secure residential treatment settings, forensic settings, community corrections, & on an out-patient basis in New Hampshire & New York. I primarily adhere to Cognitive Therapy & Rational Emotive Therapy approaches, as well as Applied Behavior Analysis techniques.
I provide assessment, treatment, & consultation in areas of domestic & sexual violence, anger management, & a variety of behavior & mental health disorders. I offer a number of weekly groups, classes and individual sessions. I have provided direct treatment & clinical oversight to children & adults in secure residential treatment settings, forensic settings, community corrections, & on an out-patient basis in New Hampshire & New York. I primarily adhere to Cognitive Therapy & Rational Emotive Therapy approaches, as well as Applied Behavior Analysis techniques.
(603) 712-5858 View (603) 712-5858
Photo of James Carleton Marston, Counselor in Rochester, NH
James Carleton Marston
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Barrington, NH 03825
I have immediate availability for adults with daytime availability and a waitlist for minors . To get started, complete our screening form found on our website at www.alliancementalhealth.org. In my practice, I have worked with a wide range of clients, from adults to children, including couples and families. I'm trained in a wide range of therapeutic techniques and styles, but feel most at home using a combination of client-centered and cognitive-behavioral therapy. I believe that at its core, therapy is forming a positive relationship, and then using that relationship to motivate and reinforce healing and change.
I have immediate availability for adults with daytime availability and a waitlist for minors . To get started, complete our screening form found on our website at www.alliancementalhealth.org. In my practice, I have worked with a wide range of clients, from adults to children, including couples and families. I'm trained in a wide range of therapeutic techniques and styles, but feel most at home using a combination of client-centered and cognitive-behavioral therapy. I believe that at its core, therapy is forming a positive relationship, and then using that relationship to motivate and reinforce healing and change.
(603) 343-2166 View (603) 343-2166
Photo of Adrienne Pierce, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester, NH
Adrienne Pierce
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Barrington, NH 03825
I have some limited availability for adult clients. To get started please complete our screening form found on our website at alliancementalhealth.org. I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and I consider myself a "person centered" therapist who believes that the key to having a successful professional relationship is building a strong rapport with my clients. Since obtaining my Master's Degree in Social Work from Boston College in 1996, my career work settings has included community mental health centers, hospital based gero-psychiatric units, emergency services, private practice and residential treatment centers.
I have some limited availability for adult clients. To get started please complete our screening form found on our website at alliancementalhealth.org. I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker and I consider myself a "person centered" therapist who believes that the key to having a successful professional relationship is building a strong rapport with my clients. Since obtaining my Master's Degree in Social Work from Boston College in 1996, my career work settings has included community mental health centers, hospital based gero-psychiatric units, emergency services, private practice and residential treatment centers.
(603) 343-2166 View (603) 343-2166
Photo of Christy Charlesworth, Counselor in Rochester, NH
Christy Charlesworth
Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Dover, NH 03820
Not accepting new clients
Counseling is a journey of self-discovery and can be an intimidating experience. The decision to seek counseling is a courageous one and finding a counselor who is compassionate, empathetic, and experienced is imperative to your success. Regardless of whether you are experiencing daily stress due to work, school, family, or relationships, or struggling with depression, grief/loss, illness, anxiety, identity challenges, or trauma, your treatment will be specific to you or your family. (T-TH sessions via Tele/video only, Friday in office only)
Counseling is a journey of self-discovery and can be an intimidating experience. The decision to seek counseling is a courageous one and finding a counselor who is compassionate, empathetic, and experienced is imperative to your success. Regardless of whether you are experiencing daily stress due to work, school, family, or relationships, or struggling with depression, grief/loss, illness, anxiety, identity challenges, or trauma, your treatment will be specific to you or your family. (T-TH sessions via Tele/video only, Friday in office only)
(603) 593-3359 View (603) 593-3359

Online Therapists

Photo of Jessica Malcolm, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester, NH
Jessica Malcolm
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Concord, NH 03301
A listening ear and a tailored approach can help to gain perspective in times of uncertainty. Whether it be due to depression, anxiety, trauma or some of the many changes throughout life, I can provide you with the tools and guidance to help you move forward with confidence and purpose. Throughout my time in this field I have been fortunate to work with children, teens and adults, all across the lifespan in order to help them discover ways they can overcome barriers and find solutions that are meaningful to them. My goal is to help you learn how to shine your light and make it the brightest.
A listening ear and a tailored approach can help to gain perspective in times of uncertainty. Whether it be due to depression, anxiety, trauma or some of the many changes throughout life, I can provide you with the tools and guidance to help you move forward with confidence and purpose. Throughout my time in this field I have been fortunate to work with children, teens and adults, all across the lifespan in order to help them discover ways they can overcome barriers and find solutions that are meaningful to them. My goal is to help you learn how to shine your light and make it the brightest.
(617) 295-7629 View (617) 295-7629
Photo of Cara Spilsbury, Counselor in Rochester, NH
Cara Spilsbury
Counselor, LCMHC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Exeter, NH 03833
Waitlist for new clients
I love working with clients who are eager to start their healing journey but don't quite know where or how to begin, as well as clients who have tried therapy before and want to continue learning more about themselves. I have particular expertise in supporting neurodivergent individuals, folks who have experienced trauma, and those moving through grief and loss.
I love working with clients who are eager to start their healing journey but don't quite know where or how to begin, as well as clients who have tried therapy before and want to continue learning more about themselves. I have particular expertise in supporting neurodivergent individuals, folks who have experienced trauma, and those moving through grief and loss.
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Photo of James Foster & Assoc. Counseling NH, Counselor in Rochester, NH
James Foster & Assoc. Counseling NH
Counselor, LICSW
Verified Verified
Manchester, NH 03101
Not accepting New Clients at this time. At James Foster & Associates, we understand that seeking counseling is an important decision to make. Our goal is to provide clients with a safe, comfortable and private setting to address those areas that are causing them pain, discomfort or unhappiness. Clinicians provide treatment in areas of depression, anxiety, domestic violence, anger management, marriage, parenting, drug and alcohol and trauma. We welcome you to visit COUNSELINGNH.COM and this profile's homepage for information about TREATMENTS available for your particular concern and the SIGNS and SYMPTOMS you may be experiencing.
Not accepting New Clients at this time. At James Foster & Associates, we understand that seeking counseling is an important decision to make. Our goal is to provide clients with a safe, comfortable and private setting to address those areas that are causing them pain, discomfort or unhappiness. Clinicians provide treatment in areas of depression, anxiety, domestic violence, anger management, marriage, parenting, drug and alcohol and trauma. We welcome you to visit COUNSELINGNH.COM and this profile's homepage for information about TREATMENTS available for your particular concern and the SIGNS and SYMPTOMS you may be experiencing.
(603) 446-6055 View (603) 446-6055
Photo of Susan J. Wright, Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Rochester, NH
Susan J. Wright
Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Londonderry, NH 03053  (Online Only)
White Stone Counseling is dedicated to helping individuals experiencing, trauma, grief, or loss in a safe and comforting environment.
I currently have openings. I would be happy to chat with you to see if one of these might be a good fit for you. Please note my practice is limited to adult women only. White Stone Counseling of New Hampshire is dedicated to helping individuals experience high quality care in a compassionate and caring environment. Regardless of what difficulties you are facing you are welcome here. I answer each phone call personally, and return calls promptly. I invite you to look at my WebSite - White Stone Counseling of New Hampshire - for more information.
White Stone Counseling is dedicated to helping individuals experiencing, trauma, grief, or loss in a safe and comforting environment.
I currently have openings. I would be happy to chat with you to see if one of these might be a good fit for you. Please note my practice is limited to adult women only. White Stone Counseling of New Hampshire is dedicated to helping individuals experience high quality care in a compassionate and caring environment. Regardless of what difficulties you are facing you are welcome here. I answer each phone call personally, and return calls promptly. I invite you to look at my WebSite - White Stone Counseling of New Hampshire - for more information.
(603) 718-3951 View (603) 718-3951
Photo of Victoria Cronin, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rochester, NH
Victoria Cronin
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Milford, NH 03055
I have a strong background in child and adolescent therapy and in my experience I have utilized a trauma informed approach, CBT, REBT, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, art therapy, solution focused, and behavior therapy.
I will meet you where you are at and listen with genuine curiosity to understand what your goals are and what is truly important to you. Together, we will tap into your strengths to inspire true growth and change in your life. I believe everybody has the ability to unlock their greatest potential and I can be a guide to help you tap into that potential through empowerment and awareness. We will utilize many different interventions to fit your interests and needs so that our time together can be as healing, engaging, and enjoyable as possible.
I have a strong background in child and adolescent therapy and in my experience I have utilized a trauma informed approach, CBT, REBT, Acceptance Commitment Therapy, art therapy, solution focused, and behavior therapy.
I will meet you where you are at and listen with genuine curiosity to understand what your goals are and what is truly important to you. Together, we will tap into your strengths to inspire true growth and change in your life. I believe everybody has the ability to unlock their greatest potential and I can be a guide to help you tap into that potential through empowerment and awareness. We will utilize many different interventions to fit your interests and needs so that our time together can be as healing, engaging, and enjoyable as possible.
(833) 703-4496 View (833) 703-4496
Photo of Katalyst Psychological Family Center LLC, Psychologist in Rochester, NH
Katalyst Psychological Family Center LLC
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Manchester, NH 03104
We are licensed clinical mental health providers with over 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and families. We complete Neuropsychological Evaluations, and work with individuals and families who have parenting concerns, Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, ODD, and Autism.
We are licensed clinical mental health providers with over 15 years of experience working with children, adolescents, and families. We complete Neuropsychological Evaluations, and work with individuals and families who have parenting concerns, Depression, Anxiety, PTSD, ADHD, ODD, and Autism.
(603) 206-5844 View (603) 206-5844
Photo of Felicia Walalis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rochester, NH
Felicia Walalis
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Londonderry, NH 03053
Waitlist for new clients
I'm dedicated to working with folks ages 5+ experiencing a wide range of emotional distress including but not limited to trauma, ADHD, conduct concerns, and emotional regulation concerns. Embracing the transformative power of a client-centered therapeutic relationship, I encourage active client involvement in guiding therapy toward each client's unique set of goals. Core to my practice is emphasizing sensitivity, safety, trust, and empowerment.
I'm dedicated to working with folks ages 5+ experiencing a wide range of emotional distress including but not limited to trauma, ADHD, conduct concerns, and emotional regulation concerns. Embracing the transformative power of a client-centered therapeutic relationship, I encourage active client involvement in guiding therapy toward each client's unique set of goals. Core to my practice is emphasizing sensitivity, safety, trust, and empowerment.
(603) 207-8995 x123 View (603) 207-8995 x123
Photo of Jade Martin-Willis, Counselor in Rochester, NH
Jade Martin-Willis
Counselor, LCMHC, LMHC, R-DMT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Keene, NH 03431  (Online Only)
I can help with but am not limited to helping people with grief, anxiety, depression, major life transitions, relationship issues, adjustment disorders, trauma related disorders and disordered eating patterns.
I am a licensed clinician in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, and I am a Registered Dance/Movement Therapist. I have a person-centered and holistic approach. I enjoy blending traditional talk therapy, expressive arts, and movement therapy in my counseling sessions. Typically I begin therapy with traditional talk therapy and then at that point I am open to using any particular style depending on your preferred way of processing. Typically my clients are people who feel overwhelmed, have recent loss, need help improving self-esteem, need help improving relationships, and want realistic coping skills in their life.
I can help with but am not limited to helping people with grief, anxiety, depression, major life transitions, relationship issues, adjustment disorders, trauma related disorders and disordered eating patterns.
I am a licensed clinician in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, and I am a Registered Dance/Movement Therapist. I have a person-centered and holistic approach. I enjoy blending traditional talk therapy, expressive arts, and movement therapy in my counseling sessions. Typically I begin therapy with traditional talk therapy and then at that point I am open to using any particular style depending on your preferred way of processing. Typically my clients are people who feel overwhelmed, have recent loss, need help improving self-esteem, need help improving relationships, and want realistic coping skills in their life.
(603) 903-1414 View (603) 903-1414
Photo of Dr. Lara Kroodsma, Psychologist in Rochester, NH
Dr. Lara Kroodsma
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Wilton, NH 03086
Specialties include Autism, ADHD, Learning Disabilities, Developmental Delays, the cognitive effects of medical conditions such as Epilepsy, Trauma & Posttraumatic Stress, & Mental Health concerns.
Hello, my name is Dr. Lara Kroodsma and I work with parents and caregivers to answer questions about children's development, behavior, emotions, and learning. Through the assessment process I seek to support parents and other caregivers, such as teachers and doctors, by providing a clear picture of each child's unique strengths, challenges, and needs. The goal is to provide detailed, practical, and concrete recommendations that will best support each child's path to success.
Specialties include Autism, ADHD, Learning Disabilities, Developmental Delays, the cognitive effects of medical conditions such as Epilepsy, Trauma & Posttraumatic Stress, & Mental Health concerns.
Hello, my name is Dr. Lara Kroodsma and I work with parents and caregivers to answer questions about children's development, behavior, emotions, and learning. Through the assessment process I seek to support parents and other caregivers, such as teachers and doctors, by providing a clear picture of each child's unique strengths, challenges, and needs. The goal is to provide detailed, practical, and concrete recommendations that will best support each child's path to success.
(603) 704-4088 View (603) 704-4088
Photo of Jacqueline J Thompson, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rochester, NH
Jacqueline J Thompson
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, CMHC
Verified Verified
Bedford, NH 03110
With specialties in supporting individuals with various challenges, including anxiety, ASD, ADD, ADHD, ODD, depression, intellectual disabilities, and PTSD, I empower clients to discover their strengths and practical solutions.
Welcome! As a Clinical Mental Health Counselor, I'm not only on the journey to licensure but also on a mission to support adolescents and families through life's twists and turns. Beyond my professional role, and performance enhancement coaching has taught me valuable lessons about resiliency and teamwork—skills that I integrate into my counseling approach. Whether it's running, on the soccer field or spending quality time with my own family, I understand the importance of maintaining balance and fostering connections. Drawing from these experiences, I provide a compassionate and nonjudgmental space for exploration and growth.
With specialties in supporting individuals with various challenges, including anxiety, ASD, ADD, ADHD, ODD, depression, intellectual disabilities, and PTSD, I empower clients to discover their strengths and practical solutions.
Welcome! As a Clinical Mental Health Counselor, I'm not only on the journey to licensure but also on a mission to support adolescents and families through life's twists and turns. Beyond my professional role, and performance enhancement coaching has taught me valuable lessons about resiliency and teamwork—skills that I integrate into my counseling approach. Whether it's running, on the soccer field or spending quality time with my own family, I understand the importance of maintaining balance and fostering connections. Drawing from these experiences, I provide a compassionate and nonjudgmental space for exploration and growth.
(877) 842-9843 View (877) 842-9843
Photo of Becky Owens, Pre-Licensed Professional in Rochester, NH
Becky Owens
Pre-Licensed Professional, Master, Student, CMHC
Verified Verified
Hooksett, NH 03106
Waitlist for new clients
I specialize working with children and teens, and adults that are struggling with self esteem, trauma, PTSD, depression, substance abuse and anxiety.
Are you feeling out of balance? Do you need help identifying what is keeping you from living your best life? Mental health is health. My approach is based on the idea that people can change and want to change, and it starts with your own thoughts, feelings and beliefs. I utilize evidence based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, EMDR and Motivational Interviewing. I hold a BA in History, MS in Education and a PhD in Education. I am also graduating with an MA in mental health counseling later this year.
I specialize working with children and teens, and adults that are struggling with self esteem, trauma, PTSD, depression, substance abuse and anxiety.
Are you feeling out of balance? Do you need help identifying what is keeping you from living your best life? Mental health is health. My approach is based on the idea that people can change and want to change, and it starts with your own thoughts, feelings and beliefs. I utilize evidence based modalities such as Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness, EMDR and Motivational Interviewing. I hold a BA in History, MS in Education and a PhD in Education. I am also graduating with an MA in mental health counseling later this year.
(855) 697-5039 x715 View (855) 697-5039 x715
Photo of Women's Counseling of Nashua, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Rochester, NH
Women's Counseling of Nashua, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Nashua, NH 03060  (Online Only)
At this time (November, 2023), we have openings for specialized medication management focusing on women's health. Our practice specializes in working with women coping with a variety of issues including postpartum depression, anxiety and adjustment, infertility, pregnancy loss, unresolved trauma, relationship issues, parenting concerns, life transitions, disordered eating. We are an LGBTQ+ allied practice. For more information, please see our website: www.WomensCounselingofNashua.com
At this time (November, 2023), we have openings for specialized medication management focusing on women's health. Our practice specializes in working with women coping with a variety of issues including postpartum depression, anxiety and adjustment, infertility, pregnancy loss, unresolved trauma, relationship issues, parenting concerns, life transitions, disordered eating. We are an LGBTQ+ allied practice. For more information, please see our website: www.WomensCounselingofNashua.com
(603) 952-4647 x101 View (603) 952-4647 x101
Trauma and PTSD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for trauma?

Not everyone who undergoes trauma needs therapy to heal, but many do. If, after experiencing a traumatic event, you find yourself struggling with symptoms such as nightmares, dissociation, irritability, or emotional numbness—especially if these symptoms last more than a month and are severe enough to interfere with your daily functioning—you may benefit from seeking out therapy with a trauma-informed provider.

How long does trauma therapy take?

Different types of therapy for trauma unfold on different timelines. Prolonged exposure therapy and cognitive processing therapy, for example, each take about three months, while trauma-informed CBT may last anywhere from 8 to 25 sessions. Other approaches, especially those that are less structured or that incorporate elements from multiple modalities, may be more open-ended, though many patients report feeling better within the first few months of treatment.

What happens if trauma is left untreated?

Unaddressed trauma can have serious—even devastating—effects on relationships, career, and day-to-day functioning. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can lead people to distrust or lash out at others, making it difficult to maintain intimate relationships; it can also trigger symptoms such as flashbacks or hyperreactivity that can interfere with a person’s ability to function effectively, personally and/or professionally. Some sufferers turn to drugs to find relief. Symptoms may lessen on their own with time, but there is no guarantee that PTSD will resolve on its own.

Can PTSD come back after treatment?

It is possible for PTSD symptoms to recur months or years after successful treatment. This is because, like most mental health disorders, it is not possible to “cure” PTSD, and stressful life events may cause symptoms to recur in even the most resilient individuals. There is no shame in re-experiencing PTSD symptoms nor in returning to therapy when such relapses occur; indeed, many forms of trauma therapy explicitly encourage periodic “maintenance sessions” to reinforce coping skills and ensure that symptoms stay manageable.