Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Danila Musante, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Danila Musante
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94103
I provide compassionate, thoughtful treatment which helps clients to achieve meaningful change. My approach is tailored to each individual's needs and comfort to support the process of healing and growth. I attend to many aspects of identity and circumstance and work with clients to co-create an understanding of themselves and their difficulties.
I provide compassionate, thoughtful treatment which helps clients to achieve meaningful change. My approach is tailored to each individual's needs and comfort to support the process of healing and growth. I attend to many aspects of identity and circumstance and work with clients to co-create an understanding of themselves and their difficulties.
(510) 962-8087 View (510) 962-8087
Photo of Embark Behavioral Health in San Francisco, CA
Embark Behavioral Health
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94101
Embark Behavioral Health is a leading network of exceptional treatment and therapy programs across the United States. We specialize in helping adolescents, teens, and young adults struggling with anxiety, depression, and other mental health and substance abuse issues. Our programs include in-home treatment, virtual IOP, outpatient clinics that offer intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) and therapeutic day treatment programs, also known as a partial hospitalization program (PHPs), wilderness therapy, short-term residential treatment programs, long-term residential treatment, therapeutic boarding schools, and young adult transitional living options.
Embark Behavioral Health is a leading network of exceptional treatment and therapy programs across the United States. We specialize in helping adolescents, teens, and young adults struggling with anxiety, depression, and other mental health and substance abuse issues. Our programs include in-home treatment, virtual IOP, outpatient clinics that offer intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) and therapeutic day treatment programs, also known as a partial hospitalization program (PHPs), wilderness therapy, short-term residential treatment programs, long-term residential treatment, therapeutic boarding schools, and young adult transitional living options.
(458) 241-5990 View (458) 241-5990
Photo of Brian D Gustman, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Brian D Gustman
Psychologist, PhD, NCSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
I am licensed clinical psychologist and school psychologist working with preschool children through adults. Clients who usually fit well with me have often reached a point of thinking that enough-is-enough, whether that is problem behaviors with a child, teens who are anxious/irritable/depressed, college students who are having major life changes, or adults who are having work or personal difficulties. I particularly specialize in the treatment of Trauma & Stress-Related Disorders. Clients who allow me to look out for them the way they do for their friends/family often find our work together to be helpful.
I am licensed clinical psychologist and school psychologist working with preschool children through adults. Clients who usually fit well with me have often reached a point of thinking that enough-is-enough, whether that is problem behaviors with a child, teens who are anxious/irritable/depressed, college students who are having major life changes, or adults who are having work or personal difficulties. I particularly specialize in the treatment of Trauma & Stress-Related Disorders. Clients who allow me to look out for them the way they do for their friends/family often find our work together to be helpful.
(415) 702-2017 View (415) 702-2017
Photo of Ronald Max Allen Yusim, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ronald Max Allen Yusim
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
The majority of my therapy practice is as an Addiction Couple's Therapist. I offer Private Intensive Weekend Retreats. These are 16-hour workshops that take place in my office in Mill Valley on one reserved weekend. We work privately (just the 3 of us) for two and a half days breaking down your communication issues and learning how to repair and resolve conflicts.
The majority of my therapy practice is as an Addiction Couple's Therapist. I offer Private Intensive Weekend Retreats. These are 16-hour workshops that take place in my office in Mill Valley on one reserved weekend. We work privately (just the 3 of us) for two and a half days breaking down your communication issues and learning how to repair and resolve conflicts.
(415) 877-6907 View (415) 877-6907
Photo of Diana Halfmann, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Diana Halfmann
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94110
I’m certified in Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for adults from Integrative Psychiatry Institute. I have also throughly enjoyed working with children, teens, & families for 19+ yrs. I listen with the intent of thoroughly understanding your concerns, unhealthy patterns, what is keeping you stuck, as well as your vision for what you want more of in life. I get that as a parent, it’s hard to watch your child struggle with emotional dysregulation & show signs of low self-esteem. We’ll work collaboratively to come up with more interventions & behavioral plans to help your child develop and deepen their skills.
I’m certified in Ketamine-assisted psychotherapy for adults from Integrative Psychiatry Institute. I have also throughly enjoyed working with children, teens, & families for 19+ yrs. I listen with the intent of thoroughly understanding your concerns, unhealthy patterns, what is keeping you stuck, as well as your vision for what you want more of in life. I get that as a parent, it’s hard to watch your child struggle with emotional dysregulation & show signs of low self-esteem. We’ll work collaboratively to come up with more interventions & behavioral plans to help your child develop and deepen their skills.
(415) 524-7921 View (415) 524-7921
Photo of Barbara Jean Gosselin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Barbara Jean Gosselin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123  (Online Only)
Choosing to see a therapist is about you wanting to make some changes in yourself or in your life. The most important job I have as your therapist is to provide you with a non-judgmental space to explore your issues, your feelings and to help you find a solution that will ultimately make you feel better.
Choosing to see a therapist is about you wanting to make some changes in yourself or in your life. The most important job I have as your therapist is to provide you with a non-judgmental space to explore your issues, your feelings and to help you find a solution that will ultimately make you feel better.
(415) 985-1759 View (415) 985-1759
Photo of Dawn Amy Osterweil, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dawn Amy Osterweil
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
I am a Clinical Psychologist and Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist in private practice in San Francisco. I provide consultation and conduct psychological assessment and neuropsychological assessment with individuals suffering from trauma due to accidents, injuries, illness, captivity and torture, loss of loved ones, and loss of limb, as well as mild through severe traumatic brain injury and other neurological conditions. I have a background in directing the neuropsychology services of inpatient, outpatient, and day treatment brain injury and pain programs. I provide testimony in arbitrations, depositions, and trials in civil cases.
I am a Clinical Psychologist and Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist in private practice in San Francisco. I provide consultation and conduct psychological assessment and neuropsychological assessment with individuals suffering from trauma due to accidents, injuries, illness, captivity and torture, loss of loved ones, and loss of limb, as well as mild through severe traumatic brain injury and other neurological conditions. I have a background in directing the neuropsychology services of inpatient, outpatient, and day treatment brain injury and pain programs. I provide testimony in arbitrations, depositions, and trials in civil cases.
(415) 903-8813 x2 View (415) 903-8813 x2
Photo of Stef Bell, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Stef Bell
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
My ideology is inspired by the juxtaposition of American narratives, originating from the Deep South and Urban Midwest. Growing up in a Pro-Black, Christian Baptist home I learned how gender, sexuality, and white supremacy can greatly affect our culture, happiness and well-being. Early exposure to the mental healthcare system taught me that oppression can be as multi-layered and intersectional as the oppressed, and diagnosis will continue to be an act of oppression if it ignores cultural context, societal phobias, and systemic oppression. For a great number, our mental health is a representation of how we survive our social climate.
My ideology is inspired by the juxtaposition of American narratives, originating from the Deep South and Urban Midwest. Growing up in a Pro-Black, Christian Baptist home I learned how gender, sexuality, and white supremacy can greatly affect our culture, happiness and well-being. Early exposure to the mental healthcare system taught me that oppression can be as multi-layered and intersectional as the oppressed, and diagnosis will continue to be an act of oppression if it ignores cultural context, societal phobias, and systemic oppression. For a great number, our mental health is a representation of how we survive our social climate.
(510) 240-5906 View (510) 240-5906
Photo of Annette Gates, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Annette Gates
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MEd, CSSE, CGC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
My private practice not only serves direct clients including couples, it also focuses on supervision for therapists, coaches, healthcare organizations, agencies, and companies. I am a certified sex therapist and a master of education in human sexuality. As a licensed clinical social worker, social justice, cultural humility, and empathy are woven through my psyche. I also teach for a global healing school, the 'Harvard' of schools in that realm. I help folks gain true alignment with core qualities, needs, and values that guide the transformative process toward happiness and joy.
My private practice not only serves direct clients including couples, it also focuses on supervision for therapists, coaches, healthcare organizations, agencies, and companies. I am a certified sex therapist and a master of education in human sexuality. As a licensed clinical social worker, social justice, cultural humility, and empathy are woven through my psyche. I also teach for a global healing school, the 'Harvard' of schools in that realm. I help folks gain true alignment with core qualities, needs, and values that guide the transformative process toward happiness and joy.
(505) 391-3468 View (505) 391-3468
Photo of Auria Zahed, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Auria Zahed
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94103  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Hi there! My name is Auria Zahed, and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I work with adults who are struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression due to the impacts of a negative self-talk, low self-esteem, people-pleasing, or feeling "stuck". In each therapy session, I focus on mental well-being and emotional awareness, and my approach is a combination of a few therapeutic modalities. My sessions incorporate healing past traumas alongside accomplishing present goals. I currently specialize in working with women, victims of narcissistic abuse, and clients who identify as LGBTQ+ and/or BIPOC.
Hi there! My name is Auria Zahed, and I'm a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I work with adults who are struggling with stress, anxiety, or depression due to the impacts of a negative self-talk, low self-esteem, people-pleasing, or feeling "stuck". In each therapy session, I focus on mental well-being and emotional awareness, and my approach is a combination of a few therapeutic modalities. My sessions incorporate healing past traumas alongside accomplishing present goals. I currently specialize in working with women, victims of narcissistic abuse, and clients who identify as LGBTQ+ and/or BIPOC.
(714) 786-1711 View (714) 786-1711
Photo of Randi-Marie Owens, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Randi-Marie Owens
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Randi-Marie Owens is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who started practicing in 2018. She has a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology and a Master's Degree in Psychology from Brandman University. Randi-Marie believes in guiding others to increase happiness and meet their mental health goals through an authentic therapeutic relationship, education, and skill building. In her spare time, Randi-Marie enjoys riding motorcycles, cooking, baking, and working out.
Randi-Marie Owens is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist in California who started practicing in 2018. She has a Bachelor's Degree in Psychology and a Master's Degree in Psychology from Brandman University. Randi-Marie believes in guiding others to increase happiness and meet their mental health goals through an authentic therapeutic relationship, education, and skill building. In her spare time, Randi-Marie enjoys riding motorcycles, cooking, baking, and working out.
(628) 345-8546 View (628) 345-8546
Photo of Feel Well with Arielle, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Feel Well with Arielle
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118  (Online Only)
As an evidence-based trained clinician, I have found that ultimately the best therapeutic relationship is one that feels safe to get comfortable with discomfort. My specialties are in codependency, perfectionism, and eating disorders, and my intent is to help people who struggle with these issues get out of the patterns that no longer serve them. I have a true passion for supporting people in recognizing their inherent worth, exploring narratives that might have influenced self-defeating coping mechanisms, and implementing practices that align with shifted - and uplifted - perspectives of themselves.
As an evidence-based trained clinician, I have found that ultimately the best therapeutic relationship is one that feels safe to get comfortable with discomfort. My specialties are in codependency, perfectionism, and eating disorders, and my intent is to help people who struggle with these issues get out of the patterns that no longer serve them. I have a true passion for supporting people in recognizing their inherent worth, exploring narratives that might have influenced self-defeating coping mechanisms, and implementing practices that align with shifted - and uplifted - perspectives of themselves.
(415) 612-6850 View (415) 612-6850
Photo of Taj-Zsa Hower, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Taj-Zsa Hower
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94101
Not accepting new clients
Connecting with a therapist is an excellent way to begin healing and working towards your mental health goals. My name is Taj-Zsa Hower, and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, as well as the owner of Minding My Own Therapy. I have over 9 years of experience and professional training providing mental health services to a multitude of diverse individuals and couples. I primarily specialize in working with Perinatal & Postpartum women, those dealing with Identity issues, provide support to Couples experiencing difficulties, work with college students, and treat those struggling with Anxiety & Depression.
Connecting with a therapist is an excellent way to begin healing and working towards your mental health goals. My name is Taj-Zsa Hower, and I'm a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, as well as the owner of Minding My Own Therapy. I have over 9 years of experience and professional training providing mental health services to a multitude of diverse individuals and couples. I primarily specialize in working with Perinatal & Postpartum women, those dealing with Identity issues, provide support to Couples experiencing difficulties, work with college students, and treat those struggling with Anxiety & Depression.
(805) 360-4289 View (805) 360-4289
Photo of Jessica Cho, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jessica Cho
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94110  (Online Only)
I am grateful you are here; seeking counseling is a brave and intentional next step. Getting through this season, may require self examination in order to figure out alternate routes. I can help you discover and resolve barriers that impede on that path. Through support, empathy, partnership, and evidenced based practices we can work through this; it does get better.
I am grateful you are here; seeking counseling is a brave and intentional next step. Getting through this season, may require self examination in order to figure out alternate routes. I can help you discover and resolve barriers that impede on that path. Through support, empathy, partnership, and evidenced based practices we can work through this; it does get better.
(714) 831-3194 View (714) 831-3194
Photo of Estefania Orelo, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in San Francisco, CA
Estefania Orelo
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94134
I have been working as a therapist for 5 years. I have worked with clients from the ages of 6 to young adults. I have experience working both in the clinical and school setting as well as through Telehealth. My specialties include working with clients experiencing anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, and trauma. I like communicating with a calm demeanor and tone to make my patients comfortable. I also practice active listening to make my patients feel understood. Bringing some humor into sessions also helps patients feel comfortable and at ease.
I have been working as a therapist for 5 years. I have worked with clients from the ages of 6 to young adults. I have experience working both in the clinical and school setting as well as through Telehealth. My specialties include working with clients experiencing anxiety, self-esteem issues, depression, and trauma. I like communicating with a calm demeanor and tone to make my patients comfortable. I also practice active listening to make my patients feel understood. Bringing some humor into sessions also helps patients feel comfortable and at ease.
(310) 928-2413 View (310) 928-2413
Photo of Maureen K Fisher, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Maureen K Fisher
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
I treat clients whose daily functioning, self image and way of relating to others has been negatively impacted by anxiety, depression, and various external or situational stressors. Compassion and collaboration are crucial in facilitating healing and creating a functional therapeutic rapport that allows for increasingly greater presence of mind. Education and 15 years of clinical experience underscore my belief that people can feel better as they practice more adaptive thinking and behavior in the present.
I treat clients whose daily functioning, self image and way of relating to others has been negatively impacted by anxiety, depression, and various external or situational stressors. Compassion and collaboration are crucial in facilitating healing and creating a functional therapeutic rapport that allows for increasingly greater presence of mind. Education and 15 years of clinical experience underscore my belief that people can feel better as they practice more adaptive thinking and behavior in the present.
(415) 423-1152 View (415) 423-1152
Photo of Kathryn Coy Richards, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Kathryn Coy Richards
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck, hopeless, or alone? Is it difficult for you to get your needs met? Does it feel like you give more than you get? For over 20 years, I have had the opportunity to work alongside individuals, families, and couples in a variety of mental health settings targeting symptoms of anxiety, relationship challenges, life transitions and depression. We will take a look at what lies underneath your pain points as this kind of exploration can be a catalyst towards healing. Together, we will find practical tools that you can integrate immediately so that you can continue to thrive and live a life that feels in balance.
Do you feel stuck, hopeless, or alone? Is it difficult for you to get your needs met? Does it feel like you give more than you get? For over 20 years, I have had the opportunity to work alongside individuals, families, and couples in a variety of mental health settings targeting symptoms of anxiety, relationship challenges, life transitions and depression. We will take a look at what lies underneath your pain points as this kind of exploration can be a catalyst towards healing. Together, we will find practical tools that you can integrate immediately so that you can continue to thrive and live a life that feels in balance.
(510) 306-7727 View (510) 306-7727
Timothy J Weidner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94131
The Bay Area provides a very unique set of challenges for children and families to navigate. As a clinician with over 15 years of direct private practice work I feel uniquely qualified to help adolescents and their families work through these issues. I take a holistic and comprehensive approach to each individual and their family and form a compassionate relationship focused on measurable progress and change.
The Bay Area provides a very unique set of challenges for children and families to navigate. As a clinician with over 15 years of direct private practice work I feel uniquely qualified to help adolescents and their families work through these issues. I take a holistic and comprehensive approach to each individual and their family and form a compassionate relationship focused on measurable progress and change.
(628) 232-3556 View (628) 232-3556
Photo of Amanda Tan, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Amanda Tan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94101
Are you going through changes in your life situation right now? Are you confused about who you are or who you're becoming? I've been there! Moving to a different country, becoming a parent, starting a new career, or facing an illness can be overwhelming and make you question yourself. Work with me to rediscover your values and find the guiding compass to your life.
Are you going through changes in your life situation right now? Are you confused about who you are or who you're becoming? I've been there! Moving to a different country, becoming a parent, starting a new career, or facing an illness can be overwhelming and make you question yourself. Work with me to rediscover your values and find the guiding compass to your life.
(650) 870-2296 View (650) 870-2296
Photo of Caroline McDowell, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Caroline McDowell
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94101
Are you having the same conflict over and over again with your partner, adolescent daughter, parent, friend, or boss? Are you feeling ambivalent about having a child or do you already have a child and feeling stuck with your parenting skills? Are you and your partner struggling with infertility issues? Are you feeling depressed, anxious, or wanting to revamp your life? If any of these questions resonate with you then I may be able to help you. I have successfully worked with people dealing with similar life challenges; I hope to have the chance to work with you too.
Are you having the same conflict over and over again with your partner, adolescent daughter, parent, friend, or boss? Are you feeling ambivalent about having a child or do you already have a child and feeling stuck with your parenting skills? Are you and your partner struggling with infertility issues? Are you feeling depressed, anxious, or wanting to revamp your life? If any of these questions resonate with you then I may be able to help you. I have successfully worked with people dealing with similar life challenges; I hope to have the chance to work with you too.
(510) 496-3457 View (510) 496-3457

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.