Photo of Gina M Menninger, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Franklin County, OH
Gina M Menninger
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFTT
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215
My approaches to therapy are rooted in spirituality and evidenced-based practices such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Narrative Family Therapy, Emotion Focused Family Therapy, Structural Family Therapy, Gottman Methods, strengths-based therapy, and more.
Our time together in session is a thoughtful and collaborative process where we work towards building trust in a safe and non-judgmental environment, regardless of race, gender, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or background. My primary objective as a marriage and family therapist is to give you the tools you need to move forward in your life. I have personal and professional experience with individuals, couples, children, adolescents, and families living with chronic pain, anxiety, depression, personality disorders, PTSD, ADHD, divorce, infidelity, and OCD.
My approaches to therapy are rooted in spirituality and evidenced-based practices such as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Narrative Family Therapy, Emotion Focused Family Therapy, Structural Family Therapy, Gottman Methods, strengths-based therapy, and more.
Our time together in session is a thoughtful and collaborative process where we work towards building trust in a safe and non-judgmental environment, regardless of race, gender, religion, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or background. My primary objective as a marriage and family therapist is to give you the tools you need to move forward in your life. I have personal and professional experience with individuals, couples, children, adolescents, and families living with chronic pain, anxiety, depression, personality disorders, PTSD, ADHD, divorce, infidelity, and OCD.
(614) 956-3051 View (614) 956-3051
Photo of Maxine D. Sims, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Maxine D. Sims
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MSEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43215
"Pain is inevitable, suffering is optional." ~Haruki Murakami.. Interpretations of events throughout our lives plays a fundamental role in our level of satisfaction in life. Understanding perspective, which shapes our view of the world, is essential in the change process. Because of this understanding I use an eclectic approach to counseling with an emphasis on Cognitive Restructuring to help my clients navigate through life's ups and downs. Working in several different areas of mental health including community mental health, substance abuse, and home- based family counseling has given me the opportunity to work with individuals and families from diverse populations and socioeconomic statuses.
"Pain is inevitable, suffering is optional." ~Haruki Murakami.. Interpretations of events throughout our lives plays a fundamental role in our level of satisfaction in life. Understanding perspective, which shapes our view of the world, is essential in the change process. Because of this understanding I use an eclectic approach to counseling with an emphasis on Cognitive Restructuring to help my clients navigate through life's ups and downs. Working in several different areas of mental health including community mental health, substance abuse, and home- based family counseling has given me the opportunity to work with individuals and families from diverse populations and socioeconomic statuses.
(614) 940-4868 View (614) 940-4868
Photo of Courageous Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Courageous Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LISW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43215  (Online Only)
Most of my adult practice includes: sexual trauma, trauma/PTDS, stress, anxiety, depression, body image, relationship/family issues, grief, parenting struggles, and substance addiction, and Autism.
Hello! I am so glad you are here! You are courageous for taking the first step on improving your life! My approach to therapy is reflective of a Strengths Based model and is client centered. You know your story best! I develop solution focused goals with my clients and prioritize what they feel is most important in developing a treatment plan. Some therapies I use include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Therapy, Grief Therapy, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy and IFS and Christian counseling. My goal is to offer interventions to allow you to be the best version of yourself. You are the author of your story!
Most of my adult practice includes: sexual trauma, trauma/PTDS, stress, anxiety, depression, body image, relationship/family issues, grief, parenting struggles, and substance addiction, and Autism.
Hello! I am so glad you are here! You are courageous for taking the first step on improving your life! My approach to therapy is reflective of a Strengths Based model and is client centered. You know your story best! I develop solution focused goals with my clients and prioritize what they feel is most important in developing a treatment plan. Some therapies I use include: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Trauma Therapy, Grief Therapy, Acceptance & Commitment Therapy and IFS and Christian counseling. My goal is to offer interventions to allow you to be the best version of yourself. You are the author of your story!
(380) 201-9674 View (380) 201-9674
Photo of Lauren House, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Lauren House
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43212
Sometimes, life can leave us feeling overwhelmed, burned out, or stuck, and we’re often unsure of how to manage it, or even harder, make a change. Adjusting to the unexpected, dealing with transitions, and trying to show up for ourselves while juggling relationships, work, family and responsibilities are all things that can lead to this. While coming to this realization is difficult, taking the next step by reaching out for help can feel like the most overwhelming task. I am here to offer a non-judgmental, supportive, and compassionate space to build fulfillment in your life and help you achieve the growth you’ve been looking for.
Sometimes, life can leave us feeling overwhelmed, burned out, or stuck, and we’re often unsure of how to manage it, or even harder, make a change. Adjusting to the unexpected, dealing with transitions, and trying to show up for ourselves while juggling relationships, work, family and responsibilities are all things that can lead to this. While coming to this realization is difficult, taking the next step by reaching out for help can feel like the most overwhelming task. I am here to offer a non-judgmental, supportive, and compassionate space to build fulfillment in your life and help you achieve the growth you’ve been looking for.
(614) 368-9628 View (614) 368-9628
Photo of Mary Finley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Mary Finley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW, LCDCIII
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Westerville, OH 43081
To do this, Mary utilizes a multi-faceted, trauma-informed approach - including and informed by the - humanistic, narrative, internal family systems, and motivational interviewing modalities.
Mary holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Social Work and a Masters in Social Work - both from The Ohio State University. Mary has experience working with adults and teenagers who have substance use disorders and mental health disorders in the inpatient and outpatient settings. Currently, Mary works with adults and adolescents aged 13 – 18 years old to treat anxiety, depression, personality disorders, substance use disorders, complex trauma and PTSD-related concerns.
To do this, Mary utilizes a multi-faceted, trauma-informed approach - including and informed by the - humanistic, narrative, internal family systems, and motivational interviewing modalities.
Mary holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Social Work and a Masters in Social Work - both from The Ohio State University. Mary has experience working with adults and teenagers who have substance use disorders and mental health disorders in the inpatient and outpatient settings. Currently, Mary works with adults and adolescents aged 13 – 18 years old to treat anxiety, depression, personality disorders, substance use disorders, complex trauma and PTSD-related concerns.
(380) 666-6447 View (380) 666-6447
Photo of The Counseling and Wellness Center, LLC, Counselor in Franklin County, OH
The Counseling and Wellness Center, LLC
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Grove City, OH 43123
The Counseling and Wellness Center is a group practice in the Columbus, Ohio area. Clinicians hold dual licenses in mental health and addiction counseling. Clinicians within the practice are also certified mediators and trained in divorce settlements, and resolutions of assets between businesses and personal relationships. In addition, their areas of expertise include marriage and family counseling, crisis stabilization, individuals, treatment of mental and emotional disorders, and as a life coach. Clinicians follow the principle that the mind, body, and spirit is essential to wellness.
The Counseling and Wellness Center is a group practice in the Columbus, Ohio area. Clinicians hold dual licenses in mental health and addiction counseling. Clinicians within the practice are also certified mediators and trained in divorce settlements, and resolutions of assets between businesses and personal relationships. In addition, their areas of expertise include marriage and family counseling, crisis stabilization, individuals, treatment of mental and emotional disorders, and as a life coach. Clinicians follow the principle that the mind, body, and spirit is essential to wellness.
(614) 412-3640 View (614) 412-3640
Photo of Latisha Marie Fowler, Psychologist in Franklin County, OH
Latisha Marie Fowler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Gahanna, OH 43230
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist who provides services to women from across the lifespan with a broad range of clinical needs. My clinical training as a generalist has afforded me extensive experiences working with those seeking support for anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and interpersonal distress. In addition to individual therapy, I also provide couples and family therapy.
I am a licensed Clinical Psychologist who provides services to women from across the lifespan with a broad range of clinical needs. My clinical training as a generalist has afforded me extensive experiences working with those seeking support for anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, and interpersonal distress. In addition to individual therapy, I also provide couples and family therapy.
(614) 408-5043 View (614) 408-5043
Photo of Katie Mullin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Katie Mullin
Marriage & Family Therapist, IMFT-S, LICDC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43215
Waitlist for new clients
I utilize an integrated approach that includes aspects of narrative therapy, emotion focused therapy, CBT and MI to help people struggling with addiction, family and relationship issues, anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, and other things to help people thrive.
People try to make sense of their world as they perceive it. This is why people struggle with depression, anxiety, emotional regulation and expression, addiction, etc. Overall, I believe people want to understand what makes them who they are. Through understanding their struggles and being able to choose different ways of thinking, acting, and feeling, people can learn to be the best version of themselves.
I utilize an integrated approach that includes aspects of narrative therapy, emotion focused therapy, CBT and MI to help people struggling with addiction, family and relationship issues, anxiety, depression, emotional regulation, and other things to help people thrive.
People try to make sense of their world as they perceive it. This is why people struggle with depression, anxiety, emotional regulation and expression, addiction, etc. Overall, I believe people want to understand what makes them who they are. Through understanding their struggles and being able to choose different ways of thinking, acting, and feeling, people can learn to be the best version of themselves.
(614) 591-7426 View (614) 591-7426
Photo of Cheryl Ann Douglass, Licensed Professional Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Cheryl Ann Douglass
Licensed Professional Counselor, MACM, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Reynoldsburg, OH 43068
Treatment primarily for individual/family issues. Specializations: Grief/loss counseling, Trauma/PTSD and AOD support. Will provide Forensic assessments and counseling, Victims Assistance and case management upon request for domestic violence and other abuse related issues.
Treatment primarily for individual/family issues. Specializations: Grief/loss counseling, Trauma/PTSD and AOD support. Will provide Forensic assessments and counseling, Victims Assistance and case management upon request for domestic violence and other abuse related issues.
(614) 957-1692 View (614) 957-1692
Photo of John K Lodge, Psychologist in Franklin County, OH
John K Lodge
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43221
I have worked in outpatient clinics, community mental health centers, and college counseling. I have experience working with adults, children, and adolescents in individual, family, and group-based therapy. I also have experience conducting comprehensive psychological assessments for a wide range of behavioral and psychological issues. My clinical interests include mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, adjustment and relationship difficulties, stress and anger management, behavioral pain management, employee-assistance programs (EAPs), psychological assessment, and working with individuals of diverse multicultural backgrounds.
I have worked in outpatient clinics, community mental health centers, and college counseling. I have experience working with adults, children, and adolescents in individual, family, and group-based therapy. I also have experience conducting comprehensive psychological assessments for a wide range of behavioral and psychological issues. My clinical interests include mood and anxiety disorders, trauma, adjustment and relationship difficulties, stress and anger management, behavioral pain management, employee-assistance programs (EAPs), psychological assessment, and working with individuals of diverse multicultural backgrounds.
(937) 528-1061 View (937) 528-1061
Edwin C Huston
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Westerville, OH 43081
My life experiences and education have contributed to my interactive CBT approach towards counseling. This approach is a combination of compassion, encouragement and reflective therapeutic focus towards growth and change. My therapy experience includes a successful career in telecommunications, changing careers to provide 15 years of therapeutic guidance in individual, group and family settings.
My life experiences and education have contributed to my interactive CBT approach towards counseling. This approach is a combination of compassion, encouragement and reflective therapeutic focus towards growth and change. My therapy experience includes a successful career in telecommunications, changing careers to provide 15 years of therapeutic guidance in individual, group and family settings.
(614) 714-6665 View (614) 714-6665
Photo of Dr. Erin E. Parsons-Christian, Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Dr. Erin E. Parsons-Christian
Counselor, PhD, CWC
Verified Verified
Dublin, OH 43017
I am a Therapist, Consultant, Adjunct Professor, and Certified National Trainer for Multidimensional Family Therapy providing services to those with addiction, mental health, and/or behavioral issues.
I believe in developing a unique and trusting relationship with each individual client enabling me to work collaboratively with those involved. I strive to create new experiences for both couples and families during sessions; this is one of the core antidotes to long-term success once therapy is successfully completed. I work with couples to help identify their strengths and areas of growth as it relates to their spousal relationship, as well as their co-parenting relationship, which are central to the assessment and treatment process. This multi-systemic approach to therapy significantly increases success and overarching treatment goals.
I am a Therapist, Consultant, Adjunct Professor, and Certified National Trainer for Multidimensional Family Therapy providing services to those with addiction, mental health, and/or behavioral issues.
I believe in developing a unique and trusting relationship with each individual client enabling me to work collaboratively with those involved. I strive to create new experiences for both couples and families during sessions; this is one of the core antidotes to long-term success once therapy is successfully completed. I work with couples to help identify their strengths and areas of growth as it relates to their spousal relationship, as well as their co-parenting relationship, which are central to the assessment and treatment process. This multi-systemic approach to therapy significantly increases success and overarching treatment goals.
(614) 524-4089 View (614) 524-4089
Photo of Diana Cofsky, Licensed Professional Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Diana Cofsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Westerville, OH 43081
My approach to therapy is client centered, using a variety of modalities including CBT, DBT and family systems therapy.
I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years. I am a lifelong resident of South Jersey and obtained my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia.
My approach to therapy is client centered, using a variety of modalities including CBT, DBT and family systems therapy.
I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years. I am a lifelong resident of South Jersey and obtained my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia.
(380) 201-9742 View (380) 201-9742
Photo of Syd King, Counselor in Franklin County, OH
Syd King
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43212  (Online Only)
I am trained in Internal Family Systems Therapy—a transformative therapeutic modality promoting a holistic, affirming, & non-pathologizing approach to gain harmony within.
We all crave connection with others. We thrive when we experience belonging & acceptance, both within our own souls & the hearts of others. When that connection is weakened or damaged through struggles with communication, lack of safety, or fears of rejection, we often resort to strategies aimed at self-protection. While that protection is sacred, I want to help that protector within you learn to trust your Self & follow your lead. You have within you a powerful resource of connection, compassion, & creativity. I seek to assist you in reclaiming your sacred power—your internal capacity to promote healing, resilience, & pleasure.
I am trained in Internal Family Systems Therapy—a transformative therapeutic modality promoting a holistic, affirming, & non-pathologizing approach to gain harmony within.
We all crave connection with others. We thrive when we experience belonging & acceptance, both within our own souls & the hearts of others. When that connection is weakened or damaged through struggles with communication, lack of safety, or fears of rejection, we often resort to strategies aimed at self-protection. While that protection is sacred, I want to help that protector within you learn to trust your Self & follow your lead. You have within you a powerful resource of connection, compassion, & creativity. I seek to assist you in reclaiming your sacred power—your internal capacity to promote healing, resilience, & pleasure.
(614) 407-0597 View (614) 407-0597
Photo of James P Braga, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Franklin County, OH
James P Braga
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43210  (Online Only)
I have considerable experience working with a variety of concerns, including, but not limited to: complex/developmental trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, OCD, personality issues, emotion regulation, relationships, job/career, gender & sexuality, family, adolescence inc.
I believe a fine tuned awareness of oneself and a well regulated body are essential to overall well-being. I support you in understanding your problems in new ways and clarifying novel, practical options you can take to increase satisfaction and reduce distress. I work to assist you in clarifying your personal needs, mapping repetitive patterns and noticing what interferes with feeling fulfilled or settled. Action toward change is complicated and usually feels risky. I am here to help you understand yourself better and work through patterns that keep you stuck. Usually these patterns feel “second nature” and difficult to change.
I have considerable experience working with a variety of concerns, including, but not limited to: complex/developmental trauma, PTSD, anxiety, depression, OCD, personality issues, emotion regulation, relationships, job/career, gender & sexuality, family, adolescence inc.
I believe a fine tuned awareness of oneself and a well regulated body are essential to overall well-being. I support you in understanding your problems in new ways and clarifying novel, practical options you can take to increase satisfaction and reduce distress. I work to assist you in clarifying your personal needs, mapping repetitive patterns and noticing what interferes with feeling fulfilled or settled. Action toward change is complicated and usually feels risky. I am here to help you understand yourself better and work through patterns that keep you stuck. Usually these patterns feel “second nature” and difficult to change.
(380) 207-9446 View (380) 207-9446
Photo of Abdur Siddiq- Jennah Counseling Services, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Abdur Siddiq- Jennah Counseling Services
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43209
In a busy, hectic, fast-paced world, we sometimes find ourselves overwhelmed and needing somewhere safe and calm to breathe. Therapy can be a space where someone finds the time to relieve the stress of work, family/relationships and other psychosocial issues related to life in today's world. By addressing these needs, the person can become whole again and live the satisfying life they want. For consultation or to schedule an appointment, I can be reached at 614-354-7006.
In a busy, hectic, fast-paced world, we sometimes find ourselves overwhelmed and needing somewhere safe and calm to breathe. Therapy can be a space where someone finds the time to relieve the stress of work, family/relationships and other psychosocial issues related to life in today's world. By addressing these needs, the person can become whole again and live the satisfying life they want. For consultation or to schedule an appointment, I can be reached at 614-354-7006.
(614) 665-8194 View (614) 665-8194
Michelle Acra
Counselor, LPCC-S, CDCA
Verified Verified
Dublin, OH 43017
Individual, couple/marital and family counseling services to children (age 10 and up), teens, and adults.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, alone or experiencing life transitions? Solutions for life's difficulties are WITHIN REACH. Together we can uncover core beliefs, negative thinking patterns and self-esteem issues that may be hindering you from having more meaningful relationships and life satisfaction. Peace of mind and support during difficult times are possible.
Individual, couple/marital and family counseling services to children (age 10 and up), teens, and adults.
Are you feeling overwhelmed, alone or experiencing life transitions? Solutions for life's difficulties are WITHIN REACH. Together we can uncover core beliefs, negative thinking patterns and self-esteem issues that may be hindering you from having more meaningful relationships and life satisfaction. Peace of mind and support during difficult times are possible.
(614) 907-8135 View (614) 907-8135
Photo of Margaret (Charlie) Knerr, Marriage & Family Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Margaret (Charlie) Knerr
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MDiv, IMFT- S
Verified Verified
Dublin, OH 43017
Change is possible. As I have spent thousands of hours working with people with all kinds of struggles, I have seen it with my own eyes. For the past 20 years it has been my pleasure to help my clients rediscover hope and find solutions that work for them. As a Marriage & Family Therapist, I am trained to see the big picture and to help you find ways to get out of your 'stuck system'.
Change is possible. As I have spent thousands of hours working with people with all kinds of struggles, I have seen it with my own eyes. For the past 20 years it has been my pleasure to help my clients rediscover hope and find solutions that work for them. As a Marriage & Family Therapist, I am trained to see the big picture and to help you find ways to get out of your 'stuck system'.
(614) 468-5438 View (614) 468-5438
Photo of Charity McGuire, Marriage & Family Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Charity McGuire
Marriage & Family Therapist, MACP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43214  (Online Only)
My training is rooted in family systems theory, cultural diversity and competency, and is supported by current research in the fields of trauma and PTSD, attachment theory and development, and neuroscience.
Currently accepting new clients in 100% virtual sessions. I take a holistic and somatic approach to working with clients that is interwoven with Somatic Experiencing, Attachment Theory, and mindfulness based practices. This format allows the many layers of your experience to unfold organically, and creates space for any emotions that may arise within session. I enjoy working with clients who are interested in exploring current patterns, processing traumatic experiences, and integrating new ways of being.
My training is rooted in family systems theory, cultural diversity and competency, and is supported by current research in the fields of trauma and PTSD, attachment theory and development, and neuroscience.
Currently accepting new clients in 100% virtual sessions. I take a holistic and somatic approach to working with clients that is interwoven with Somatic Experiencing, Attachment Theory, and mindfulness based practices. This format allows the many layers of your experience to unfold organically, and creates space for any emotions that may arise within session. I enjoy working with clients who are interested in exploring current patterns, processing traumatic experiences, and integrating new ways of being.
(380) 212-3298 View (380) 212-3298
Photo of Danielle Haynes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Franklin County, OH
Danielle Haynes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S, LICDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43227  (Online Only)
If you're tired of feeling stuck and want to experience a change for the better, for yourself, family and/or partner please allow us to serve as your safe space.
As the Founder of Rainbow of Resilience LLC, I specialize in mental health and substance use disorders. I utilize a holistic approach, while implementing a person centered approach so I can meet you where you are at. My goal is to focus on your overall wellness as an individual, not just sustaining mental/emotional health, but also increasing your quality of life. I have 10 years of experience working in the mental health and substance use field with various agencies in the Franklin County and Central Ohio area. I also have experience with diverse and vulnerable populations as well.
If you're tired of feeling stuck and want to experience a change for the better, for yourself, family and/or partner please allow us to serve as your safe space.
As the Founder of Rainbow of Resilience LLC, I specialize in mental health and substance use disorders. I utilize a holistic approach, while implementing a person centered approach so I can meet you where you are at. My goal is to focus on your overall wellness as an individual, not just sustaining mental/emotional health, but also increasing your quality of life. I have 10 years of experience working in the mental health and substance use field with various agencies in the Franklin County and Central Ohio area. I also have experience with diverse and vulnerable populations as well.
(614) 858-8841 View (614) 858-8841

See more therapy options for Franklin County

Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.