Mark David Moreland
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Research has shown that the primary factors involved in change in a therapeutic setting are the clients' internal strengths. The second most important factor is the relationship between the client and the therapist. At the very core, therapy is about a healing relationship. This is what a prospective client should ask regarding a therapist when entering therapy: is it a relationship that is conducive to your growth, whatever your goals?
Research has shown that the primary factors involved in change in a therapeutic setting are the clients' internal strengths. The second most important factor is the relationship between the client and the therapist. At the very core, therapy is about a healing relationship. This is what a prospective client should ask regarding a therapist when entering therapy: is it a relationship that is conducive to your growth, whatever your goals?
(850) 930-7681 View (850) 930-7681
Photo of Jill K Sosiewicz, Counselor in 12572, NY
Jill K Sosiewicz
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Discussing the challenges you've been through is a vulnerable place, but also one that can be full of growth and clarity. I work with children, teens, and adults dealing with some of life's big transitions. I utilize an integrative approach to create a safe, trauma informed space to build regulation skills, communication skills, and process trauma. I have a background in working with adult survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault, college students, and children in foster care birth to 21. Trauma and transitions are each taxing in their own profound ways, but each can lead to change. I'm here to hold that space with you.
Discussing the challenges you've been through is a vulnerable place, but also one that can be full of growth and clarity. I work with children, teens, and adults dealing with some of life's big transitions. I utilize an integrative approach to create a safe, trauma informed space to build regulation skills, communication skills, and process trauma. I have a background in working with adult survivors of domestic violence and sexual assault, college students, and children in foster care birth to 21. Trauma and transitions are each taxing in their own profound ways, but each can lead to change. I'm here to hold that space with you.
(845) 516-6424 View (845) 516-6424
Photo of Sienna Chu, Counselor in 12572, NY
Sienna Chu
Counselor, MSEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572  (Online Only)
Whatever it is that brings you to therapy, I stand by the commitment, “I’m here with you.” I believe that each of our stories are equally sacred as they are unique and see therapy as an opportunity to cultivate curiosity for ourselves and to let go of self-judgement. Taking a Psychodynamic approach, I aim to help my clients unravel, experience, and understand themselves more deeply, through building awareness, flexibility, and the capacity to make change. Humor, authenticity, and the willingness to experiment is foundational to my approach.
Whatever it is that brings you to therapy, I stand by the commitment, “I’m here with you.” I believe that each of our stories are equally sacred as they are unique and see therapy as an opportunity to cultivate curiosity for ourselves and to let go of self-judgement. Taking a Psychodynamic approach, I aim to help my clients unravel, experience, and understand themselves more deeply, through building awareness, flexibility, and the capacity to make change. Humor, authenticity, and the willingness to experiment is foundational to my approach.
(646) 846-9014 View (646) 846-9014
Photo of Mark Sasvary, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Mark Sasvary
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, MPS
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Not accepting new clients
I am a Cognitive Behavior Therapist (CBT) and I specialize in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). I also have training and experience in treating anxiety, anger and depression. I have worked in the mental health field for over 20 years and I have helped a lot of people get better so they can live more meaningful and productive lives. My job is to help you feel less distress so that you can do the things you want and need to do. If you are looking for a "no nonsense", short-term, targeted, and evidence based treatment, then I am probably the right therapist for you.
I am a Cognitive Behavior Therapist (CBT) and I specialize in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). I also have training and experience in treating anxiety, anger and depression. I have worked in the mental health field for over 20 years and I have helped a lot of people get better so they can live more meaningful and productive lives. My job is to help you feel less distress so that you can do the things you want and need to do. If you are looking for a "no nonsense", short-term, targeted, and evidence based treatment, then I am probably the right therapist for you.
(845) 406-9605 View (845) 406-9605
Photo of Steven C. Siegel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Steven C. Siegel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Are you feeling a lack of joy or purpose in your life? Are your relationships unsatisfying? Do you find yourself engaging in self-sabotage? I find it rewarding to partner with my clients in identifying and addressing their source of dissatisfaction. I seek to help my clients decrease their symptoms so that they can get more joy out of life and have fuller, more meaningful relationships. I am a clinical social worker and trained psychotherapist skilled in working adults who struggle with mood disorders and addiction. I also work with couples, families, and groups.
Are you feeling a lack of joy or purpose in your life? Are your relationships unsatisfying? Do you find yourself engaging in self-sabotage? I find it rewarding to partner with my clients in identifying and addressing their source of dissatisfaction. I seek to help my clients decrease their symptoms so that they can get more joy out of life and have fuller, more meaningful relationships. I am a clinical social worker and trained psychotherapist skilled in working adults who struggle with mood disorders and addiction. I also work with couples, families, and groups.
(845) 617-5130 View (845) 617-5130
Photo of Roni Schnadow, Marriage & Family Therapist in 12572, NY
Roni Schnadow
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I have seen that in difficult times couples and families get stuck, repeating the same solutions to the same problems, and nothing changes. The short-term, solution focused work I do, helps break these unproductive patterns so that new, more hopeful aspects of ourselves and our relationships can emerge. Research has shown that couple and family therapy is a most effective treatment for many problems, including depression that seem to be localized within the individual. The effectiveness of this work stems from its focus on changing aspects of relationships that trigger and reinforce the individual problems we bring to therapy.
I have seen that in difficult times couples and families get stuck, repeating the same solutions to the same problems, and nothing changes. The short-term, solution focused work I do, helps break these unproductive patterns so that new, more hopeful aspects of ourselves and our relationships can emerge. Research has shown that couple and family therapy is a most effective treatment for many problems, including depression that seem to be localized within the individual. The effectiveness of this work stems from its focus on changing aspects of relationships that trigger and reinforce the individual problems we bring to therapy.
(845) 337-1052 View (845) 337-1052
Photo of Michele Hochberg, Counselor in 12572, NY
Michele Hochberg
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572  (Online Only)
Welcome! I am a New York State licensed mental health counselor with over 18 years experience in providing therapeutic services to diverse populations. My main area of expertise is relationship issues including, but not limited to, family, romantic partnerships, friendships, and co-workers. Psychodynamic Interpersonal Therapy (PIT) is a type of therapy proven to help people with emotional and relational issues. The focus is on improving the quality of interpersonal relationships & reducing overall distress. When a person can manage relationship problems more effectively, symptoms associated with depression and anxiety often improve.
Welcome! I am a New York State licensed mental health counselor with over 18 years experience in providing therapeutic services to diverse populations. My main area of expertise is relationship issues including, but not limited to, family, romantic partnerships, friendships, and co-workers. Psychodynamic Interpersonal Therapy (PIT) is a type of therapy proven to help people with emotional and relational issues. The focus is on improving the quality of interpersonal relationships & reducing overall distress. When a person can manage relationship problems more effectively, symptoms associated with depression and anxiety often improve.
(845) 245-6157 View (845) 245-6157
Photo of Peter J Rosan, Psychologist in 12572, NY
Peter J Rosan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572  (Online Only)
My approach to psychotherapy is based on both my education and more than 30 years of experience as a clinical psychologist, including research, teaching, writing, and supervision. Psychotherapy is a path defined by both therapist and client. Each individual client brings unique resources, strengths, weaknesses, problems, hopes, and expectations to therapy as well as their own idiom, their way of expressing themselves. Together, we will search for what gives meaning to your life and what may be interfering in its realization. Successful psychotherapy depends on the quality of the relationship between client and therapist.
My approach to psychotherapy is based on both my education and more than 30 years of experience as a clinical psychologist, including research, teaching, writing, and supervision. Psychotherapy is a path defined by both therapist and client. Each individual client brings unique resources, strengths, weaknesses, problems, hopes, and expectations to therapy as well as their own idiom, their way of expressing themselves. Together, we will search for what gives meaning to your life and what may be interfering in its realization. Successful psychotherapy depends on the quality of the relationship between client and therapist.
(845) 576-8157 View (845) 576-8157
Photo of Dr. Beth Gershuny, Psychologist in 12572, NY
Dr. Beth Gershuny
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am the founder of Izlind Integrative Health (Izlind.com). As a clinical psychologist specializing in stress reduction & the treatment of anxiety, I incorporate & individually tailor an integrative, collaborative, & compassionate approach that combines cognitive-behavioral therapies, interpersonal therapies, & mindfulness meditation. Prior to creating Izlind & in addition to being a clinical psychologist since 2001, I held faculty positions at Harvard Medical School, Skidmore College, & Bard College (tenured); & I held treatment & supervisory positions at Harvard Medical School's Massachusetts General Hospital & McLean Hospital.
I am the founder of Izlind Integrative Health (Izlind.com). As a clinical psychologist specializing in stress reduction & the treatment of anxiety, I incorporate & individually tailor an integrative, collaborative, & compassionate approach that combines cognitive-behavioral therapies, interpersonal therapies, & mindfulness meditation. Prior to creating Izlind & in addition to being a clinical psychologist since 2001, I held faculty positions at Harvard Medical School, Skidmore College, & Bard College (tenured); & I held treatment & supervisory positions at Harvard Medical School's Massachusetts General Hospital & McLean Hospital.
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Photo of Allison Chawla, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Allison Chawla
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW, MA, CC
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I am currently not accepting new clients.I am a change focused and warm provider who works with adults coping with anxiety, depression and life transitions. I strive to provide a safe experience for clients to express anything they may be dealing, so that together we can identify underlying issues that prevent them from being the best versions of themselves. While my approach is direct and change-focused; it is also practical, empathetic and directed toward strengths. I cultivate plans for alternative healing that are specific to each client and always keep their feedback and concerns in mind.
I am currently not accepting new clients.I am a change focused and warm provider who works with adults coping with anxiety, depression and life transitions. I strive to provide a safe experience for clients to express anything they may be dealing, so that together we can identify underlying issues that prevent them from being the best versions of themselves. While my approach is direct and change-focused; it is also practical, empathetic and directed toward strengths. I cultivate plans for alternative healing that are specific to each client and always keep their feedback and concerns in mind.
(646) 832-2691 View (646) 832-2691
Photo of Tony Stiker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Tony Stiker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
In working with clients in psychotherapy, I find it useful first to sort out what's working in their lives from what's not. Then we look at what's not working; be it depression, anxiety, obsessive thinking, compulsive & addictive behavior, and extreme emotional reactions. All of these things can all serve as clues to help us identify and address hidden and unexpressed emotions and experiences. (In addition to treating adults, couples, and adolescents with the more standard therapy issues, I have extensive experience working with the full gamut of sexual topics.)
In working with clients in psychotherapy, I find it useful first to sort out what's working in their lives from what's not. Then we look at what's not working; be it depression, anxiety, obsessive thinking, compulsive & addictive behavior, and extreme emotional reactions. All of these things can all serve as clues to help us identify and address hidden and unexpressed emotions and experiences. (In addition to treating adults, couples, and adolescents with the more standard therapy issues, I have extensive experience working with the full gamut of sexual topics.)
(833) 578-0721 View (833) 578-0721
Photo of Jennifer Axinn-Weiss, Counselor in 12572, NY
Jennifer Axinn-Weiss
Counselor, SEP, MA, CHT, MFA
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I support caretakers, empaths, creatives, those suffering from PTSD, ADHD anxiety, depression, phobias, addiction, sleep issues and lack of direction. Accessing inner wisdom and empowerment provides a place to heal old wounds from a place of strength. I help others experience a bigger perspective: this in turn, helps them to know they are not their stories.
I support caretakers, empaths, creatives, those suffering from PTSD, ADHD anxiety, depression, phobias, addiction, sleep issues and lack of direction. Accessing inner wisdom and empowerment provides a place to heal old wounds from a place of strength. I help others experience a bigger perspective: this in turn, helps them to know they are not their stories.
(845) 415-4121 View (845) 415-4121
Photo of Russell Brian Shelkowitz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Russell Brian Shelkowitz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Russell Shelkowitz, LCSW-R has extensive experience working with adolescents (12+), adults (individuals & couples), and families, and has provided compassionate and effective care in diverse settings, including hospitals, private practices, and outpatient clinics.
Russell Shelkowitz, LCSW-R has extensive experience working with adolescents (12+), adults (individuals & couples), and families, and has provided compassionate and effective care in diverse settings, including hospitals, private practices, and outpatient clinics.
(838) 221-5937 View (838) 221-5937
Photo of Stephen C Fay, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Stephen C Fay
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572  (Online Only)
Psychotherapy should be collaborative, and able to adapt to the individual seeking treatment rather than demanding that the person fit some Procrustean bed of preconceived theory. My approach emphasizes individually tailored solutions that build on a person's strengths and makes creative use of their so-called weaknesses, i.e. it is competency based rather than pathology oriented. There is a strong effort to integrate mind, body, and spirit and to utilize both conscious and unconscious resources.
Psychotherapy should be collaborative, and able to adapt to the individual seeking treatment rather than demanding that the person fit some Procrustean bed of preconceived theory. My approach emphasizes individually tailored solutions that build on a person's strengths and makes creative use of their so-called weaknesses, i.e. it is competency based rather than pathology oriented. There is a strong effort to integrate mind, body, and spirit and to utilize both conscious and unconscious resources.
(845) 207-8109 View (845) 207-8109
Photo of Jamie O'Neil, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
Jamie O'Neil
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I will assist you in identifying your inner resources and strengths, and to develop them so you can experience more fulfillment, meaning, purpose, and joy in your life. My approach to psychotherapy is proactive and flexible, drawing on a variety of frameworks. It will be tailored to your individual interests and needs, circumstances, and life challenges. We will identify your goals, and I will assist you with working towards them. We will work together creatively and collaboratively in developing personalized solutions. If you'd like, your therapy can include out of session reading or exercises, and may be short or long term.
I will assist you in identifying your inner resources and strengths, and to develop them so you can experience more fulfillment, meaning, purpose, and joy in your life. My approach to psychotherapy is proactive and flexible, drawing on a variety of frameworks. It will be tailored to your individual interests and needs, circumstances, and life challenges. We will identify your goals, and I will assist you with working towards them. We will work together creatively and collaboratively in developing personalized solutions. If you'd like, your therapy can include out of session reading or exercises, and may be short or long term.
(845) 876-7600 View (845) 876-7600
Photo of Skip Paynter, Licensed Master Social Worker in 12572, NY
Skip Paynter
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I'm a psychotherapist at Izlind Integrative Wellness Center in Rhinebeck, NY. I have significant expertise and experience addressing depression, identity issues, life transitions, and self-esteem in college students, adults, older adults, and adolescents. I incorporate an integrative approach to therapy that includes interpersonal, humanistic, energy medicine (e.g., EFT/tapping, reiki), and mindfulness meditation to address the personal needs of each individual. As a former executive in the corporate world, I also integrate pragmatic approaches to behavioral change.
I'm a psychotherapist at Izlind Integrative Wellness Center in Rhinebeck, NY. I have significant expertise and experience addressing depression, identity issues, life transitions, and self-esteem in college students, adults, older adults, and adolescents. I incorporate an integrative approach to therapy that includes interpersonal, humanistic, energy medicine (e.g., EFT/tapping, reiki), and mindfulness meditation to address the personal needs of each individual. As a former executive in the corporate world, I also integrate pragmatic approaches to behavioral change.
(917) 562-3027 View (917) 562-3027
Photo of John Duch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 12572, NY
John Duch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I have been working with adolescents, adults and families for the past 23 years. I am proficient in crisis situations, family conflicts, peer conflicts and academic needs. I am available to speak with medical doctors, teachers and other specialty outside providers. I am available for IEP and other academic meetings. I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and self harming behaviors.
I have been working with adolescents, adults and families for the past 23 years. I am proficient in crisis situations, family conflicts, peer conflicts and academic needs. I am available to speak with medical doctors, teachers and other specialty outside providers. I am available for IEP and other academic meetings. I work with clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and self harming behaviors.
(845) 834-9002 View (845) 834-9002
Photo of Integral Psychology Circle, Psychologist in 12572, NY
Integral Psychology Circle
Psychologist, PhD, MBA
Verified Verified
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I enjoy connecting with people and have been successful in aiding others to reconnect with their own power and joy. I have a wide range of experience, including trauma, couples therapy, serious mental illness, personality disorders, and forensic evaluations. I have come to specialize in trauma-focused work, life transitions, and couples counseling.
I enjoy connecting with people and have been successful in aiding others to reconnect with their own power and joy. I have a wide range of experience, including trauma, couples therapy, serious mental illness, personality disorders, and forensic evaluations. I have come to specialize in trauma-focused work, life transitions, and couples counseling.
(845) 237-0153 View (845) 237-0153
Photo of Mallory Leitner, Marriage & Family Therapist in 12572, NY
Mallory Leitner
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT, RYT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
Is your past controlling you in the present in ways that aren't serving you? Our experiences shape the way we live, love and make sense of the world. When we are controlled by past traumatic experiences we lose the ability to "choose" how we want to respond to ourselves and others; instead becoming reactive. This affects how we feel physically and emotionally; which can make us feel depressed, anxious, a shameful. I help people become more mindful as they face the unknown, and begin to integrate new aspects of the self that supports wellbeing. Most people come to me for deep change, which takes time and hard work.
Is your past controlling you in the present in ways that aren't serving you? Our experiences shape the way we live, love and make sense of the world. When we are controlled by past traumatic experiences we lose the ability to "choose" how we want to respond to ourselves and others; instead becoming reactive. This affects how we feel physically and emotionally; which can make us feel depressed, anxious, a shameful. I help people become more mindful as they face the unknown, and begin to integrate new aspects of the self that supports wellbeing. Most people come to me for deep change, which takes time and hard work.
(838) 384-3317 View (838) 384-3317
Photo of Elizabeth Wade, Psychologist in 12572, NY
Elizabeth Wade
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Rhinebeck, NY 12572
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in working with adults from a mindfulness based perspective. I believe that therapy can help you make meaning of pain, struggle and confusion in order to let go of suffering and find purpose in all the phases of life. Every moment of pain presents an opportunity for growth into deeper self-awareness, enhanced relationship intimacy and life fulfillment. I integrate concepts from psychodynamic, internal family systems, cognitive behavioral therapy and the major meditative traditions to address your individual needs.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in working with adults from a mindfulness based perspective. I believe that therapy can help you make meaning of pain, struggle and confusion in order to let go of suffering and find purpose in all the phases of life. Every moment of pain presents an opportunity for growth into deeper self-awareness, enhanced relationship intimacy and life fulfillment. I integrate concepts from psychodynamic, internal family systems, cognitive behavioral therapy and the major meditative traditions to address your individual needs.
(646) 663-5710 View (646) 663-5710

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in 12572

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in 12572 who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
84% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Grief
64% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
40% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
39% Other

How Therapists in 12572 see their clients

79% In Person and Online
21% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
23% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in 12572?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.