ADHD Therapists in 98116

Photo of Elizabeth MacKenzie, Psychologist in 98116, WA
Elizabeth MacKenzie
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
I provide testing services for children, adolescents, and adult students. My testing practice include learning disability assessment and ADHD/ADD diagnosis. Many of my patients have co-occurring issues such as behavior problems, depression, and anxiety. My reports are used by schools and districts to inform (I.E.P.) and 504 accommodations plans. I also attend school meetings for planning and to discuss evaluation results. My adult assessments are used to inform treatment planning as well as to determine eligibility for educational accommodations.
I provide testing services for children, adolescents, and adult students. My testing practice include learning disability assessment and ADHD/ADD diagnosis. Many of my patients have co-occurring issues such as behavior problems, depression, and anxiety. My reports are used by schools and districts to inform (I.E.P.) and 504 accommodations plans. I also attend school meetings for planning and to discuss evaluation results. My adult assessments are used to inform treatment planning as well as to determine eligibility for educational accommodations.
(206) 569-6892 View (206) 569-6892
Photo of Elizabeth Holland, Psychologist in 98116, WA
Elizabeth Holland
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
Dr. Holland specializes in comprehensive psychological assessments for children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 4-24). Evaluations are tailored for your child and focus on both areas of strengths and difficulties. Currently, scheduling evaluations in the Seattle/Bellevue area in Fall 2024. Please go to my website for more information (fees, types of services offered, background, prospective client form): www.fidalgopsychology.com
Dr. Holland specializes in comprehensive psychological assessments for children, adolescents, and young adults (ages 4-24). Evaluations are tailored for your child and focus on both areas of strengths and difficulties. Currently, scheduling evaluations in the Seattle/Bellevue area in Fall 2024. Please go to my website for more information (fees, types of services offered, background, prospective client form): www.fidalgopsychology.com
(425) 529-5153 View (425) 529-5153
Shadi Shirazi
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
Areas I offer testing for include: ADHD, Autism Spectrum, Learning Disorders, Dyslexia, Intellectual Disability, Behavior Disorders, Personality Disorders, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, IEP or 504 plan, school placement, giftedness, and testing for qualifying for state services.
My philosophy is that "knowledge is power" and I believe that every predicament can be an opportunity to learn and grow, but most importantly, the first step is to identify the problem accurately. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping my patients gain insight about their mental and emotional strengths and vulnerabilities through an objective and comprehensive evaluation by using standardized measures. Once all the information is gathered, I will offer extensive feedback regarding the results and make recommendations to help you or your child get the treatments or services needed. I work with ages 4 - 59.
Areas I offer testing for include: ADHD, Autism Spectrum, Learning Disorders, Dyslexia, Intellectual Disability, Behavior Disorders, Personality Disorders, Mood and Anxiety Disorders, IEP or 504 plan, school placement, giftedness, and testing for qualifying for state services.
My philosophy is that "knowledge is power" and I believe that every predicament can be an opportunity to learn and grow, but most importantly, the first step is to identify the problem accurately. As a Clinical Psychologist, I am passionate about helping my patients gain insight about their mental and emotional strengths and vulnerabilities through an objective and comprehensive evaluation by using standardized measures. Once all the information is gathered, I will offer extensive feedback regarding the results and make recommendations to help you or your child get the treatments or services needed. I work with ages 4 - 59.
(206) 488-0663 View (206) 488-0663
Photo of We're On T Counseling Services, LLC, Counselor in 98116, WA
We're On T Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, LMHC, CMHS
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
When forming this practice, I was reminded of being a child playing outside. Can you recall playing tag at recess? It seemed inevitable that at some point, someone would get so close to being tagged and yell, "I'm on T." What a fleeting gift of childhood - to just call 'time' when the pressure got too high. I have spent 8 years working with children, teens, and adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, social skills/relationship difficulties, ADHD, OCD, and more. If you feel that there is something blocking you from experiencing a life you can enjoy, therapy might be right for you.
When forming this practice, I was reminded of being a child playing outside. Can you recall playing tag at recess? It seemed inevitable that at some point, someone would get so close to being tagged and yell, "I'm on T." What a fleeting gift of childhood - to just call 'time' when the pressure got too high. I have spent 8 years working with children, teens, and adults who are struggling with anxiety, depression, grief, social skills/relationship difficulties, ADHD, OCD, and more. If you feel that there is something blocking you from experiencing a life you can enjoy, therapy might be right for you.
(253) 215-8574 View (253) 215-8574
Photo of Chase Torbergson, Counselor in 98116, WA
Chase Torbergson
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
I see a wide range of clients, although I specialize in relationships, anxiety, frustration, ADHD, and problems with focus and motivation. I see both couples and individuals, as well as adolescents. Counseling focus may include relationship satisfaction, anxiety control, focus and motivational problems with both personal life and work, as well as general ADHD management. I've helped countless clients move from a place of feeling stuck and dissatisfied, to one of happiness and flourishing. I offer both short-term counseling (8-10 weeks) and long-term counseling. I also offer coaching related to focus and motivation.
I see a wide range of clients, although I specialize in relationships, anxiety, frustration, ADHD, and problems with focus and motivation. I see both couples and individuals, as well as adolescents. Counseling focus may include relationship satisfaction, anxiety control, focus and motivational problems with both personal life and work, as well as general ADHD management. I've helped countless clients move from a place of feeling stuck and dissatisfied, to one of happiness and flourishing. I offer both short-term counseling (8-10 weeks) and long-term counseling. I also offer coaching related to focus and motivation.
(206) 203-0671 View (206) 203-0671
Photo of Dr. Larissa Del Piero, Psychologist in 98116, WA
Dr. Larissa Del Piero
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
I offer specialized assessment and intervention services for people with cognitive (memory, attention) difficulties, traumatic brain injury, strokes, and other chronic health conditions. I aim to help people understand their personal strengths and use tailored coping tools to improve their lives. I offer evidence-based therapy interventions including cognitive behavioral therapy focused on coping with health conditions, pain, and changes in physical abilities linked to injury, illness, and aging. I also offer learning disability, ADHD, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. I work with teenagers and adults (ages 12+).
I offer specialized assessment and intervention services for people with cognitive (memory, attention) difficulties, traumatic brain injury, strokes, and other chronic health conditions. I aim to help people understand their personal strengths and use tailored coping tools to improve their lives. I offer evidence-based therapy interventions including cognitive behavioral therapy focused on coping with health conditions, pain, and changes in physical abilities linked to injury, illness, and aging. I also offer learning disability, ADHD, and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. I work with teenagers and adults (ages 12+).
(206) 202-4346 View (206) 202-4346
Photo of Brittiony Borges, Counselor in 98116, WA
Brittiony Borges
Counselor, Brittiony Borges, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
Add'l specializations include anxiety, ADHD, trauma, PTSD, CPTSD, OCD & attachment injuries.
I specialize in working with anxiety, OCD, trauma & neurodivergent individuals. I enjoy working with teens (14+), parents, adults, and individuals working through life transitions (parenting, career changes, etc), identity development, and all the things involved with…life. I'm all about connecting with my clients through curiosity, compassion, and a dash of humor. I have witnessed genuine change come when we're free to speak our truth and it's met with warmth and authenticity. It's a collaborative journey where together we can work on discovering new meaningful experiences & relationships. You deserve this, I hope to connect soon!
Add'l specializations include anxiety, ADHD, trauma, PTSD, CPTSD, OCD & attachment injuries.
I specialize in working with anxiety, OCD, trauma & neurodivergent individuals. I enjoy working with teens (14+), parents, adults, and individuals working through life transitions (parenting, career changes, etc), identity development, and all the things involved with…life. I'm all about connecting with my clients through curiosity, compassion, and a dash of humor. I have witnessed genuine change come when we're free to speak our truth and it's met with warmth and authenticity. It's a collaborative journey where together we can work on discovering new meaningful experiences & relationships. You deserve this, I hope to connect soon!
(206) 222-7631 View (206) 222-7631
Photo of Stephanie A. Geiger, Counselor in 98116, WA
Stephanie A. Geiger
Counselor, MA, CN, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116  (Online Only)
I work with individuals, couples, and families of all ages. I have a Masters in Clinical Health Psychology and a Masters in Nutrition/Dietetics, which helps lend to a holistic approach to my work with clients. I commonly work with health behavioral change, anxiety, depression, self-harm, eating disorders, ADHD, and relationship change. My treatment approach utilizes a biopsychosocial lense in long-term therapy based in psychodynamic, strengths-based, and integrative work in overall health. I utilize coping skills from CBT, DBT, ACT, and Mindfulness. I incorporated life-skills such a assertiveness, boundaries, and career.
I work with individuals, couples, and families of all ages. I have a Masters in Clinical Health Psychology and a Masters in Nutrition/Dietetics, which helps lend to a holistic approach to my work with clients. I commonly work with health behavioral change, anxiety, depression, self-harm, eating disorders, ADHD, and relationship change. My treatment approach utilizes a biopsychosocial lense in long-term therapy based in psychodynamic, strengths-based, and integrative work in overall health. I utilize coping skills from CBT, DBT, ACT, and Mindfulness. I incorporated life-skills such a assertiveness, boundaries, and career.
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Photo of Deirdre Stone, Psychologist in 98116, WA
Deirdre Stone
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
Parents sometimes face very important questions about their children, including: Does my child have ADHD or a learning disability? Why is my daughter having so many social difficulties? Is my son's defiance a normal part of his development? Is my teenager depressed? Are my child's worries normal for someone her age? Does my preschooler have a developmental delay? Is my child gifted? Is my daughter suffering post-concussion syndrome after her sports-related injury? Psychological and neuropsychological evaluations are used to answer these and other questions about a child’s development and needs.
Parents sometimes face very important questions about their children, including: Does my child have ADHD or a learning disability? Why is my daughter having so many social difficulties? Is my son's defiance a normal part of his development? Is my teenager depressed? Are my child's worries normal for someone her age? Does my preschooler have a developmental delay? Is my child gifted? Is my daughter suffering post-concussion syndrome after her sports-related injury? Psychological and neuropsychological evaluations are used to answer these and other questions about a child’s development and needs.
(206) 966-6714 View (206) 966-6714
Photo of Kat Allen, Counselor in 98116, WA
Kat Allen
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
Waitlist for new clients
Specialized training in Family Systems, Emotionally-focused therapy, Non-violent Communication, Focusing technique, Trauma-sensitive therapies, the ADHD effect on families, Inner Parts work, and energy psychology.
Experienced and insightful, I help clients find their way back to themselves and their relationships by increasing curiosity, compassion, and insight through the ability to self-reflect. Employing mindfulness, emotionally-focused and body-awareness therapies along with traditional talk therapy, I share ways to recognize ineffective patterns, increase somatic and emotional intelligence, understand and develop new coping skills, and enhance empathy and positivity.
Specialized training in Family Systems, Emotionally-focused therapy, Non-violent Communication, Focusing technique, Trauma-sensitive therapies, the ADHD effect on families, Inner Parts work, and energy psychology.
Experienced and insightful, I help clients find their way back to themselves and their relationships by increasing curiosity, compassion, and insight through the ability to self-reflect. Employing mindfulness, emotionally-focused and body-awareness therapies along with traditional talk therapy, I share ways to recognize ineffective patterns, increase somatic and emotional intelligence, understand and develop new coping skills, and enhance empathy and positivity.
(206) 745-6322 View (206) 745-6322
Photo of Lauren Thomas, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 98116, WA
Lauren Thomas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116  (Online Only)
Lauren is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker. She received her Bachelor’s in Social Work from University of Utah and her Master’s in Social Work from University of Michigan - Ann Arbor. Lauren has graduate and post-graduate clinical training in assessing, diagnosing, and treating OCD, ADHD, PTSD, school refusal, and other areas of need. Lauren specializes in treatment of adolescents and family systems, and is dedicated to this work and enjoys helping others.
Lauren is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker. She received her Bachelor’s in Social Work from University of Utah and her Master’s in Social Work from University of Michigan - Ann Arbor. Lauren has graduate and post-graduate clinical training in assessing, diagnosing, and treating OCD, ADHD, PTSD, school refusal, and other areas of need. Lauren specializes in treatment of adolescents and family systems, and is dedicated to this work and enjoys helping others.
(425) 202-5330 View (425) 202-5330
Photo of Sarah Shapiro, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 98116, WA
Sarah Shapiro
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
I provide Telehealth services to individuals in Washington and Colorado. Are you struggling to cope with a mental health condition, difficult life circumstance, or (gestures broadly at the state of the world)? Do you feel like you “should” know what to do… but you don’t? Are you burning out? I help teens and adults struggling to cope with mental health symptoms, traumatic experiences, life stressors, chronic illness, LGBTQ+ issues, body image, and religious trauma. I believe every person has intrinsic worth, deserves to express their authentic self, and can participate in their own healing.
I provide Telehealth services to individuals in Washington and Colorado. Are you struggling to cope with a mental health condition, difficult life circumstance, or (gestures broadly at the state of the world)? Do you feel like you “should” know what to do… but you don’t? Are you burning out? I help teens and adults struggling to cope with mental health symptoms, traumatic experiences, life stressors, chronic illness, LGBTQ+ issues, body image, and religious trauma. I believe every person has intrinsic worth, deserves to express their authentic self, and can participate in their own healing.
(720) 597-7960 View (720) 597-7960
Photo of Ryan A Lewis, Counselor in 98116, WA
Ryan A Lewis
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
Welcome to Ryan Lewis Counseling & Integrative Wellness Programs! If you are seeking a change in your life, but you continue to be controlled by limiting beliefs, emotional turmoil, or unproductive habits, our counseling and coaching programs are here to help support you. By offering both traditional psychotherapy and structured integrative wellness coaching, we can facilitate transformative healing experiences and teach sustainable wellness practices for best results. We can help you adopt a holistic approach to managing your mental health care by prioritizing your physical, emotional, relational, purposeful, and spiritual health.
Welcome to Ryan Lewis Counseling & Integrative Wellness Programs! If you are seeking a change in your life, but you continue to be controlled by limiting beliefs, emotional turmoil, or unproductive habits, our counseling and coaching programs are here to help support you. By offering both traditional psychotherapy and structured integrative wellness coaching, we can facilitate transformative healing experiences and teach sustainable wellness practices for best results. We can help you adopt a holistic approach to managing your mental health care by prioritizing your physical, emotional, relational, purposeful, and spiritual health.
(206) 558-9870 View (206) 558-9870
Photo of Albert Billings, Counselor in 98116, WA
Albert Billings
Counselor, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
I am accepting new clients. I focus on positive growth and change to help you live your best life. I understand that some people are looking to enhance their quality of life, become happier, or otherwise grow and change in new directions. Others may struggle with difficulties, either at home, at work, or with friends and family. I'm not interested in treating people as broken or sick just because they are struggling or have questions. I have experience with tech workers, military, neurodivergent people and I am LGBTQIA+ and poly informed. I identify as both neurodivergent and poly in my own life.
I am accepting new clients. I focus on positive growth and change to help you live your best life. I understand that some people are looking to enhance their quality of life, become happier, or otherwise grow and change in new directions. Others may struggle with difficulties, either at home, at work, or with friends and family. I'm not interested in treating people as broken or sick just because they are struggling or have questions. I have experience with tech workers, military, neurodivergent people and I am LGBTQIA+ and poly informed. I identify as both neurodivergent and poly in my own life.
(206) 672-4328 View (206) 672-4328
Photo of Kacie Yost, Psychologist in 98116, WA
Kacie Yost
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116  (Online Only)
As a psychologist specializing in empowering high-achieving women and emerging young adults, I have witnessed firsthand the immense pressure and expectations that can weigh heavily on their shoulders. Often, the need to excel in various aspects of their lives combined with challenges such as anxiety, trauma, depression, and role shifts (e.g. starting a new job, graduating college, becoming a mother) can come at the expense of their mental and emotional well-being. Through my practice, I aim to help my clients cultivate self-compassion and self-esteem, which in turn can lead to improved relationships and greater confidence.
As a psychologist specializing in empowering high-achieving women and emerging young adults, I have witnessed firsthand the immense pressure and expectations that can weigh heavily on their shoulders. Often, the need to excel in various aspects of their lives combined with challenges such as anxiety, trauma, depression, and role shifts (e.g. starting a new job, graduating college, becoming a mother) can come at the expense of their mental and emotional well-being. Through my practice, I aim to help my clients cultivate self-compassion and self-esteem, which in turn can lead to improved relationships and greater confidence.
(425) 470-6603 View (425) 470-6603
Photo of Kelly Hill, Counselor in 98116, WA
Kelly Hill
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
Are you struggling with loss of identity and heightened anxiety? Do you experience anger and feelings of powerlessness? This can be a common experience for those with marginalized identities. I'm an ideal fit for those struggling with issues related to sexual health, neurodivergence, and/or systemic trauma…and those from marginalized backgrounds. In addition, I am a trained death doula who enjoys working with chronic illness and grief. Together we will reduce shame and guilt and increase self-esteem. You deserve to feel seen and heard - you deserve to take up space and to feel empowered.
Are you struggling with loss of identity and heightened anxiety? Do you experience anger and feelings of powerlessness? This can be a common experience for those with marginalized identities. I'm an ideal fit for those struggling with issues related to sexual health, neurodivergence, and/or systemic trauma…and those from marginalized backgrounds. In addition, I am a trained death doula who enjoys working with chronic illness and grief. Together we will reduce shame and guilt and increase self-esteem. You deserve to feel seen and heard - you deserve to take up space and to feel empowered.
(206) 737-7933 View (206) 737-7933
Photo of Cory Applegate, Marriage & Family Therapist in 98116, WA
Cory Applegate
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
I with individuals, couples/polycules, and families, and have experience treating a wide spectrum of issues, such as depression, anxiety, substance use/abuse, sexual health concerns, and trauma. I specialize in providing evidence-based treatments- meaning the modalities I use have been shown by research to be effective. Some of those modalities include DBT, CBT, Emotion-Focused Therapy, and Gottman Couples Therapy. I offer "Gold-Standard" DBT, including individual therapy, DBT skills group, and between-session phone coaching.
I with individuals, couples/polycules, and families, and have experience treating a wide spectrum of issues, such as depression, anxiety, substance use/abuse, sexual health concerns, and trauma. I specialize in providing evidence-based treatments- meaning the modalities I use have been shown by research to be effective. Some of those modalities include DBT, CBT, Emotion-Focused Therapy, and Gottman Couples Therapy. I offer "Gold-Standard" DBT, including individual therapy, DBT skills group, and between-session phone coaching.
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Photo of Layla Hakim, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in 98116, WA
Layla Hakim
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
Openings on Thursdays for IN-PERSON + VIRTUAL appts for couples, families, and individuals - - - With a non-judgmental and empathetic stance, I create a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences openly. I'm passionate about supporting those impacted by adoption in any form, whether you were adopted, you're a parent considering adoption, or someone you love is impacted by the foster care system, kinship care, or family-building via adoption. I also help individuals learn skills to regulate their emotions, increase their communication, and strengthen their bonds with others.
Openings on Thursdays for IN-PERSON + VIRTUAL appts for couples, families, and individuals - - - With a non-judgmental and empathetic stance, I create a safe space where you can explore your thoughts, feelings, and experiences openly. I'm passionate about supporting those impacted by adoption in any form, whether you were adopted, you're a parent considering adoption, or someone you love is impacted by the foster care system, kinship care, or family-building via adoption. I also help individuals learn skills to regulate their emotions, increase their communication, and strengthen their bonds with others.
(206) 752-4930 View (206) 752-4930
Photo of Knox Burnett Counseling and Consulting, Counselor in 98116, WA
Knox Burnett Counseling and Consulting
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CPT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98116
The Glory of God is a human being fully alive". -Saint Irenaeus As a clinician, I work with individuals struggling with a variety of issues and ailments. I believe that most recurring mental and emotional struggles are actually indicators of larger issues in need of resolution. In our work together we will both engage the symptoms you are experiencing AND trace their historical connections so that you can access a more transformative and holistic healing.
The Glory of God is a human being fully alive". -Saint Irenaeus As a clinician, I work with individuals struggling with a variety of issues and ailments. I believe that most recurring mental and emotional struggles are actually indicators of larger issues in need of resolution. In our work together we will both engage the symptoms you are experiencing AND trace their historical connections so that you can access a more transformative and holistic healing.
(425) 358-5843 View (425) 358-5843
Photo of James E Bederaux-Cayne, Counselor in 98116, WA
James E Bederaux-Cayne
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98116
I will actively use my training and experience to help you meet your needs & goals. Successful treatment is a direct result of mutual efforts, honesty, respect, and collaboration. Life is full of transitions. Many transitions require skill to navigate. Some happen easily and others require thought, planning and occasionally outside help. I regularly help people manage depression, anxiety, life & work transitions, relationship problems, the processing of and recovery from trauma, and developmental issues throughout the lifespan.
I will actively use my training and experience to help you meet your needs & goals. Successful treatment is a direct result of mutual efforts, honesty, respect, and collaboration. Life is full of transitions. Many transitions require skill to navigate. Some happen easily and others require thought, planning and occasionally outside help. I regularly help people manage depression, anxiety, life & work transitions, relationship problems, the processing of and recovery from trauma, and developmental issues throughout the lifespan.
(253) 220-6158 View (253) 220-6158
ADHD Therapists

When should I seek treatment for ADHD?

You should seek treatment for ADHD if you consistently have difficulty with attention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity that interferes with your daily life. Symptoms of ADHD include the inability to sustain attention during tasks, difficulty organizing tasks and activities, being easily distracted, frequent fidgeting or squirming, and talking or interrupting excessively. If these symptoms interfere with your career, academics, or relationships—for example, consistently failing to complete professional projects on time—you should seek an evaluation for ADHD.

How does treatment for ADHD work?

Effective treatment for ADHD often consists of medication, behavioral therapy, and lifestyle changes. Stimulant medications such as Adderall and Ritalin work by altering levels of neurotransmitters in the brain; higher levels of dopamine and norepinephrine are known to improve attention and focus. Therapy works by helping people with ADHD understand the condition, discuss their areas of difficulty, and develop behavioral strategies to manage their symptoms. In some cases, modifying one’s diet and exercise can also help improve symptoms.

Are there specific medications for ADHD?

Medications to treat ADHD are generally stimulants, the most common are Adderall and Ritalin. There are two categories of stimulants: Amphetamines include Adderall, Dyanavel, Vyvanse, and Dexedrine, and methylphenidates include Ritalin, Concerta, Daytrana, Focalin, Quillichew, Quillivant, and Metadate. Non-stimulants and antidepressants may be used as an alternative if stimulants aren’t effective or viable for a particular patient.

How long does treatment for ADHD take?

It’s tough to give an exact time frame because everyone varies. In terms of medications, stimulants begin to work very soon after you take them, generally within the hour. It may take time to identify the right medication and dosage, but the medication itself is fast-acting. In terms of therapy, it takes time to develop skills and put them into practice, but you will likely see improvements within a few weeks or months.