Therapists in Edina, MN

Photo of Sammi Baer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Edina, MN
Sammi Baer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55435
I utilize a systemic approach that views the interconnectedness of individuals within their larger family, relationships, and social contexts. I am a versatile therapist and am passionate about working with couples, families, parent-child subsystems, siblings, children, young adults, and adults. My approach is client-led and I place importance on the therapeutic environment. I strive to provide an environment that is nonjudgmental, empowering, compassionate, explorative, and enjoyable.
I utilize a systemic approach that views the interconnectedness of individuals within their larger family, relationships, and social contexts. I am a versatile therapist and am passionate about working with couples, families, parent-child subsystems, siblings, children, young adults, and adults. My approach is client-led and I place importance on the therapeutic environment. I strive to provide an environment that is nonjudgmental, empowering, compassionate, explorative, and enjoyable.
(952) 333-4803 View (952) 333-4803
Photo of Juliann V. Miller, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Juliann V. Miller
Psychologist, MA, LP
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55435  (Online Only)
As a therapist I work hard to understand my patients at a personal level. I provide a warm and trusting atmosphere where we can explore the difficulties in their lives. Together, through the therapeutic relationship we work on emotional problems to make deep and lasting changes. We address road blocks which may have developed over the years and seem to keep them stuck in negative patterns. Through an increased awareness of these patterns alternative choices can be made by my patients. Working together in therapy my patients are increasingly able to live more fulfilling and meaningful lives.
As a therapist I work hard to understand my patients at a personal level. I provide a warm and trusting atmosphere where we can explore the difficulties in their lives. Together, through the therapeutic relationship we work on emotional problems to make deep and lasting changes. We address road blocks which may have developed over the years and seem to keep them stuck in negative patterns. Through an increased awareness of these patterns alternative choices can be made by my patients. Working together in therapy my patients are increasingly able to live more fulfilling and meaningful lives.
(952) 373-0482 View (952) 373-0482
Photo of Marilyn Court, Marriage & Family Therapist in Edina, MN
Marilyn Court
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55439
Do you struggle connecting to the present moment, or connecting with friends, family or a partner? I understand that stressful situations can get in the way of life goals, transitions and showing up in relationships the way we want to. My approach to therapy is offering a safe space to explore what is getting in the way, make a plan and then unpack the barriers to getting unstuck. My approach is authentic with a touch a humor. Topics people often discuss are concerns about relationships, attachment, past trauma, career development, development of gender/sexuality or concerns related to oppression in the community.
Do you struggle connecting to the present moment, or connecting with friends, family or a partner? I understand that stressful situations can get in the way of life goals, transitions and showing up in relationships the way we want to. My approach to therapy is offering a safe space to explore what is getting in the way, make a plan and then unpack the barriers to getting unstuck. My approach is authentic with a touch a humor. Topics people often discuss are concerns about relationships, attachment, past trauma, career development, development of gender/sexuality or concerns related to oppression in the community.
(952) 260-2638 View (952) 260-2638
Photo of Elizabeth Clare Bohun, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Edina, MN
Elizabeth Clare Bohun
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55424  (Online Only)
I provide a private and secure environment where it feels safe to share deeply personal thoughts and feelings. This psychotherapy process requires both courage and motivation to change. Individuals and couples will move from where they are to where they want to be. Initial concerns may be about self esteem, work or relationships. However, this effective psychodynamic process identifies hidden patterns and themes that cloud the present and hinder future dreams. Clients describe the process as "empowering" and "life changing", leaving them with increased energy, confidence and creativity for their lives.
I provide a private and secure environment where it feels safe to share deeply personal thoughts and feelings. This psychotherapy process requires both courage and motivation to change. Individuals and couples will move from where they are to where they want to be. Initial concerns may be about self esteem, work or relationships. However, this effective psychodynamic process identifies hidden patterns and themes that cloud the present and hinder future dreams. Clients describe the process as "empowering" and "life changing", leaving them with increased energy, confidence and creativity for their lives.
(612) 235-4086 View (612) 235-4086
Photo of Sam Marzouk, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Sam Marzouk
Psychologist, PhD, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55416
As a parent of a struggling teenage son, you want to do whatever you can to help get your teen on the right path. I help struggling teenage guys discover their identity, realize their strengths, and use those strengths to catapult into adulthood with a sense of competence and confidence. Adolescence is an exciting time where teens form their unique identity, build meaningful social connections, and learn to think in an innovative way. Ironically, what makes adolescence so exciting can also make it enormously stressful for both teens and their caretakers.
As a parent of a struggling teenage son, you want to do whatever you can to help get your teen on the right path. I help struggling teenage guys discover their identity, realize their strengths, and use those strengths to catapult into adulthood with a sense of competence and confidence. Adolescence is an exciting time where teens form their unique identity, build meaningful social connections, and learn to think in an innovative way. Ironically, what makes adolescence so exciting can also make it enormously stressful for both teens and their caretakers.
(612) 712-6755 View (612) 712-6755
Photo of Laura Haeg, Licensed Professional Counselor in Edina, MN
Laura Haeg
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55439
Yeah, you’re going to like Laura. She’s got a great blend of sass and softness. Clients bond with her quickly, and they tend to really love working with her. Working with Laura feels like meeting a friend for brunch on a Sunday. There can be conversations full of laughs and insight, or there can be conversations that are much softer and get to some really tough topics. Either way, you’re going to walk away a bit lighter and looking forward to tackling the week. Laura has a special power of making people feel very relaxed and at ease. It’s super cool to witness.
Yeah, you’re going to like Laura. She’s got a great blend of sass and softness. Clients bond with her quickly, and they tend to really love working with her. Working with Laura feels like meeting a friend for brunch on a Sunday. There can be conversations full of laughs and insight, or there can be conversations that are much softer and get to some really tough topics. Either way, you’re going to walk away a bit lighter and looking forward to tackling the week. Laura has a special power of making people feel very relaxed and at ease. It’s super cool to witness.
(952) 260-3231 View (952) 260-3231
Photo of Clinical and Developmental Services of Edina, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Clinical and Developmental Services of Edina
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55439
Trusted and helpful: Regardless of your concern, CDS has experienced professionals to meet the needs of your child, adolescent, or adult. Within CDS multi-disciplinary clinics, providers offer assessment & therapy for concerns in mental health, development, learning, relationships, and language. Healthcare is rapidly changing and CDS focuses on high-quality services & collaboration. CDS clinicians are from different backgrounds - including mental health services (testing & therapy), behavioral/developmental interventions, & forensic services. For a personal and positive experience, connect with our community of providers.
Trusted and helpful: Regardless of your concern, CDS has experienced professionals to meet the needs of your child, adolescent, or adult. Within CDS multi-disciplinary clinics, providers offer assessment & therapy for concerns in mental health, development, learning, relationships, and language. Healthcare is rapidly changing and CDS focuses on high-quality services & collaboration. CDS clinicians are from different backgrounds - including mental health services (testing & therapy), behavioral/developmental interventions, & forensic services. For a personal and positive experience, connect with our community of providers.
(952) 209-8408 View (952) 209-8408
Photo of Katie Zimba, Pre-Licensed Professional in Edina, MN
Katie Zimba
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55439  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients! Throughout our lives we can fall into negative thought patterns that do not serve us. Identifying these thought patterns and learning ways to positively shift our understanding of what we can and cannot control, can help empower us to make important changes. I offer an open and inclusive environment to help you discover mindfulness and change thought patterns. I have experience counseling and supporting teens, and adults in a variety of areas. I work with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, life transitions, identity concerns, family conflict, peer relationships and divorce.
Accepting new clients! Throughout our lives we can fall into negative thought patterns that do not serve us. Identifying these thought patterns and learning ways to positively shift our understanding of what we can and cannot control, can help empower us to make important changes. I offer an open and inclusive environment to help you discover mindfulness and change thought patterns. I have experience counseling and supporting teens, and adults in a variety of areas. I work with individuals experiencing anxiety, depression, ADHD, life transitions, identity concerns, family conflict, peer relationships and divorce.
(612) 445-3949 View (612) 445-3949
Photo of Premier Sport Psychology, PLLC, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Premier Sport Psychology, PLLC
Psychologist, PhD, LP, CMPC
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55439
Premier Sport Psychology provides mental skills training and psychological counseling to athletes & performers of all ages and levels. We also work with business professionals. We provide sport psychology services to Olympic, professional, collegiate, high school and amateur athletes. We work to improve performance, mental health and overall well-being. Premier Sport Psychologists are all former collegiate athletes and have specialized training in performance psychology.
Premier Sport Psychology provides mental skills training and psychological counseling to athletes & performers of all ages and levels. We also work with business professionals. We provide sport psychology services to Olympic, professional, collegiate, high school and amateur athletes. We work to improve performance, mental health and overall well-being. Premier Sport Psychologists are all former collegiate athletes and have specialized training in performance psychology.
(952) 679-7124 View (952) 679-7124
Photo of Jill D Boike, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Edina, MN
Jill D Boike
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55424  (Online Only)
Seeking first to understand, then to assist you in resolving problem areas in your life, my focus is on helping you grow to a place of personal safety, security, and stability in your life. Please call or email to discuss how I may be able to help you address any issues that you may be facing.
Seeking first to understand, then to assist you in resolving problem areas in your life, my focus is on helping you grow to a place of personal safety, security, and stability in your life. Please call or email to discuss how I may be able to help you address any issues that you may be facing.
(763) 250-5623 View (763) 250-5623
Photo of Eric Christopher Larson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Edina, MN
Eric Christopher Larson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55436
I believe people need a therapist they can trust and who has the ability to understand their experience. My focus is to help bring awareness to a client through the understanding of influences of the past and their affect on present behavior. My strengths lie in the ability to connect and create a safe and trusting environment in order to work on and through difficult issues to provide a more meaningful and balanced life.
I believe people need a therapist they can trust and who has the ability to understand their experience. My focus is to help bring awareness to a client through the understanding of influences of the past and their affect on present behavior. My strengths lie in the ability to connect and create a safe and trusting environment in order to work on and through difficult issues to provide a more meaningful and balanced life.
(952) 314-6817 View (952) 314-6817
Photo of Anna Weiland, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Edina, MN
Anna Weiland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55439
As a therapist I work hard to create a safe and trusting environment for you to gain insight into yourself and make the changes you seek. I use a psychodynamic approach, along with techniques from existential and feminist therapies and a deep knowledge of child development. I prioritize working at your pace, and value the unique relationship that develops between us. By working together to identify patterns and road blocks in your past, you can develop an increased ability to make different choices and live a more fulfilling life.
As a therapist I work hard to create a safe and trusting environment for you to gain insight into yourself and make the changes you seek. I use a psychodynamic approach, along with techniques from existential and feminist therapies and a deep knowledge of child development. I prioritize working at your pace, and value the unique relationship that develops between us. By working together to identify patterns and road blocks in your past, you can develop an increased ability to make different choices and live a more fulfilling life.
(952) 800-7436 View (952) 800-7436
Photo of Emily Landsverk, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Edina, MN
Emily Landsverk
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, APHSW-C
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55439  (Online Only)
Life can be messy. Relationships, complicated. Parenting, overwhelming. Communication, challenging. Grief, hard to navigate. I believe in the power of human connection, genuine & authentic relationships. I strive to create a safe & welcoming environment for my clients. I believe that vulnerability is brave & can be a powerful tool within the context of therapeutic growth. I utilize validation, empathic presence, psychoeducation, a dash of humor, & honest communication, in rapport/trust building throughout sessions. "The only way to the other side is through."-Helen Keller. I'd be honored to walk this journey with you.
Life can be messy. Relationships, complicated. Parenting, overwhelming. Communication, challenging. Grief, hard to navigate. I believe in the power of human connection, genuine & authentic relationships. I strive to create a safe & welcoming environment for my clients. I believe that vulnerability is brave & can be a powerful tool within the context of therapeutic growth. I utilize validation, empathic presence, psychoeducation, a dash of humor, & honest communication, in rapport/trust building throughout sessions. "The only way to the other side is through."-Helen Keller. I'd be honored to walk this journey with you.
(651) 413-9597 View (651) 413-9597
Photo of Ellen Chazdon, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Ellen Chazdon
Psychologist, PsyD, LP
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55424
Do you struggle with anxiety, or loss of a sense of self worth that affects your relationships and your ability to function? Do you feel overwhelmed and exhausted just getting through the day? Do you wonder if your life could feel better? I believe people can overcome obstacles and learn new skills and coping strategies. I offer individual and couples' therapy for clients in Minnesota and in PSYPACT participating states. I start with offering a free phone or zoom consultation.
Do you struggle with anxiety, or loss of a sense of self worth that affects your relationships and your ability to function? Do you feel overwhelmed and exhausted just getting through the day? Do you wonder if your life could feel better? I believe people can overcome obstacles and learn new skills and coping strategies. I offer individual and couples' therapy for clients in Minnesota and in PSYPACT participating states. I start with offering a free phone or zoom consultation.
(612) 887-3421 View (612) 887-3421
Photo of Fran Bieganek, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Fran Bieganek
Psychologist, MS, LP, BCN
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55439
I am currently only accepting new neurofeedback clients. I offer free consultations. I know that finding the right therapist can be an overwhelming task. Here's what you should know about me as a practitioner: I have an enduring belief that human beings have the inherent capacity to heal, become whole. This belief informs everything I do within the therapy process. Our work together becomes a collaborative process meant to faciliate your healing: my job in this process is to use my knowledge, experience and skills to help you heal and grow; your job is to show up fully and commit to active engagement in the the work of therapy.
I am currently only accepting new neurofeedback clients. I offer free consultations. I know that finding the right therapist can be an overwhelming task. Here's what you should know about me as a practitioner: I have an enduring belief that human beings have the inherent capacity to heal, become whole. This belief informs everything I do within the therapy process. Our work together becomes a collaborative process meant to faciliate your healing: my job in this process is to use my knowledge, experience and skills to help you heal and grow; your job is to show up fully and commit to active engagement in the the work of therapy.
(612) 255-4491 View (612) 255-4491
Photo of Ashley N Mercer, Psychologist in Edina, MN
Ashley N Mercer
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55424
Not accepting new clients
My goal as a therapist is to help you find the very best aspects of yourself. I work to help you create healthy and dynamic relationships and to generate meaningful change. My approach to therapy is centered in a strong belief in the science of psychology and counseling, blended with the arts of empathy and compassion. In my work with you, I strive to honor who you are, your values, and the path you have traveled.
My goal as a therapist is to help you find the very best aspects of yourself. I work to help you create healthy and dynamic relationships and to generate meaningful change. My approach to therapy is centered in a strong belief in the science of psychology and counseling, blended with the arts of empathy and compassion. In my work with you, I strive to honor who you are, your values, and the path you have traveled.
(612) 482-2294 View (612) 482-2294
Amethyst R Handevidt
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA MFT
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55435
I am passionate about hearing your story and helping you choose and or navigate your adventures – the ups and downs, twists and turns – to help you get where you want to go. I am excited to meet you where you are at and using a person-centered collaborative approach help you get where you want to go. I have years of experience with more difficult to manage , as well as training in and some experience in working with families. I have a passion for healthy relationships to bring to couples work. I use primarily CBT, DBT, and Narrative Therapy in my approach to helping you get where you want to go.
I am passionate about hearing your story and helping you choose and or navigate your adventures – the ups and downs, twists and turns – to help you get where you want to go. I am excited to meet you where you are at and using a person-centered collaborative approach help you get where you want to go. I have years of experience with more difficult to manage , as well as training in and some experience in working with families. I have a passion for healthy relationships to bring to couples work. I use primarily CBT, DBT, and Narrative Therapy in my approach to helping you get where you want to go.
(952) 243-2298 View (952) 243-2298
Photo of Alexis Marjorie Evertz, Pre-Licensed Professional in Edina, MN
Alexis Marjorie Evertz
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
Edina, MN 55439
Alexis is pursuing her master's degree in Marriage and Family Therapy. from Bethel. She is clinically supervised by Allison Peterson, MA, LP, PMH-C. Alexis works with clients of all ages. Alexis prioritizes her clients goals and works from a systemic and holistic view point. She strives to create a safe space for all of her clients, while working with them to achieve their goals. Alexis enjoys working with couples.
Alexis is pursuing her master's degree in Marriage and Family Therapy. from Bethel. She is clinically supervised by Allison Peterson, MA, LP, PMH-C. Alexis works with clients of all ages. Alexis prioritizes her clients goals and works from a systemic and holistic view point. She strives to create a safe space for all of her clients, while working with them to achieve their goals. Alexis enjoys working with couples.
(952) 900-2650 View (952) 900-2650
Photo of Suzan Muhanna, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Edina, MN
Suzan Muhanna
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55439
If we were to describe her in two words it would be “Bubbly Badass”. She’s refreshingly positive and funny, but she will call clients out on their crap when needed. Suzan is a great fit for someone who needs to both laugh and cry. She’s so patient, warm, friendly, and open-minded. She laughs with her clients even in the midst of the darkest times. She’s great at helping clients change what they can, accept what they cannot change, and living a full and rich life. She is one of those rare therapists that works with both adults and teens. We think this is because she can level with anyone, and join them wherever they are.
If we were to describe her in two words it would be “Bubbly Badass”. She’s refreshingly positive and funny, but she will call clients out on their crap when needed. Suzan is a great fit for someone who needs to both laugh and cry. She’s so patient, warm, friendly, and open-minded. She laughs with her clients even in the midst of the darkest times. She’s great at helping clients change what they can, accept what they cannot change, and living a full and rich life. She is one of those rare therapists that works with both adults and teens. We think this is because she can level with anyone, and join them wherever they are.
(952) 900-2832 View (952) 900-2832
Photo of Katelyn Aubrey, Marriage & Family Therapist in Edina, MN
Katelyn Aubrey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Edina, MN 55435
I work with my clients on tuning into their embodied wisdom and abundant creativity so that they can live their lives out of desire, not fear. I enjoy supporting individuals experiencing relational conflict, grief and loss, or those recovering from adversity and trauma, in order to live and love authentically. I specialize in working with LGBTQIA+ individuals, couples, and families, from adolescence to adulthood. I am passionate about understanding the unique neurological and sensory processes of neurodivergent individuals and the intersectionality of operating in a society that wasn’t built for us.
I work with my clients on tuning into their embodied wisdom and abundant creativity so that they can live their lives out of desire, not fear. I enjoy supporting individuals experiencing relational conflict, grief and loss, or those recovering from adversity and trauma, in order to live and love authentically. I specialize in working with LGBTQIA+ individuals, couples, and families, from adolescence to adulthood. I am passionate about understanding the unique neurological and sensory processes of neurodivergent individuals and the intersectionality of operating in a society that wasn’t built for us.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Edina, MN

500+

Average cost per session

$170

Therapists in Edina, MN who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
68% Trauma and PTSD
66% Coping Skills
66% Stress

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
72% Aetna
65% PreferredOne

How Therapists in Edina, MN see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Edina?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.